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  • PANGAEA  (6)
  • Geological Society of America (GSA)  (2)
  • Boulder, Colo. : The Geological Society of America  (1)
  • Copernicus  (1)
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  • 1
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    New frontiers in Dead Sea paleoenvironmental research (2006)
    Boulder, Colo. : The Geological Society of America
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    Call number: 9/S 90.0095(401)
    In: Special paper
    Description / Table of Contents: This volume is a key contribution to anyone interested in the Near East and its changing environments, climate change, natural hazards and lacustrine processes, salt diapirs, and age dating. It presents new data and syntheses by active researchers of the Dead Sea basin, one of the most historically, geologically and hydrologically interesting lake basins in the world. The Dead Sea holds a few records: its shores are at the lowest elevation on the continents and its water is among the most saline and dense in the world. It is a place where humans have interacted with harsh environments and rough landscapes for a very long time; this extremely arid lake basin is a challenge to modern societies. Some chapters cover natural hazards such as earthquakes and collapse sinkholes, floods, and flood-producing storms; others contribute to understanding the scarce water resources of surface and ground water in the area. Shore and lake depositional processes, the evolution of the lake water, and age dating methods also are presented and are used in reconstructing the lake levels and the Near East climate change in historical and prehistorical times. The interaction of people and their use of the shores and the fascination nineteenth century travelers had with the lake are also presented.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: x, 253 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 0813724015 , 978-0-8137-2401-0
    Series Statement: Special paper / Geological Society of America (GSA) 401
    Classification:
    Paleontology
    Location: Reading room
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
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    Late Quaternary weathering, erosion, and deposition in Nahal Yael, Israel: An “impact of climatic change on an arid watershed”? (2012)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-05-01
    Description: In their seminal paper in 1979, Bull and Schick proposed a conceptual model for the geomorphic response to Pleistocene to Holocene climate change, based on the hyperarid Nahal Yael watershed in the southern Negev Desert. In this model, the change from semiarid late Pleistocene to hyperarid early Holocene climates reduced vegetation cover, increased the yield of sediment from slopes, and accelerated aggradation of terraces and alluvial fans. The model is now over 30 yr old, and during this time, chronologic, paleoenvironmental, and hydrogeomorphic research has advanced. Here, we reevaluate the model using data acquired in Nahal Yael over the 30yr since the original model was proposed. Recent studies indicate that the late Pleistocene climate was hyperarid, and a transition from semiarid to hyperarid climates did not occur. The revised chronology reveals a major 35–20 ka episode of accelerated late Pleistocene sediment production on slopes (with lower rates probably already at ca. 50ka) due to increased frequency of wetting-drying cycles caused by frequent extreme storms and floods between 35 and 27 ka. Without lag time, these sediments were transported and aggraded in depositional landscape components (fluvial terraces and alluvial fans). This intensified sediment production and delivery phase is unrelated to the Pleistocene-Holocene transition. The depositional landforms were rapidly incised between 20 and 18 ka. Since and/or soon after this Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) incision, most material leaving the basin originated from sediments stored in depositional landforms and was not produced from bedrock.Using these new data, we propose a revision to the Bull and Schick model in this hyperarid environment. Our revision suggests that the model should include the frequent storms and floods responsible for a late Pleistocene pulse of intense weathering due to numerous cycles of wetting and drying on slopes and coeval sediment transport to fluvial terraces and alluvial fans. We also discuss the common use and pitfalls of using the Bull and Schick conceptual model to explain observations in diverse arid environments, usually without sufficient data on basin-specific stratigraphic, chronologic, paleoenvironmental, and paleoclimatic information.
    Print ISSN: 0016-7606
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 3
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    The role of the Nile in initiating a massive dust influx to the Negev late in the middle Pleistocene (2011)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-01
    Description: The late middle Pleistocene initiation of loess accretion in the Negev Desert, Israel, resulted from a chain of events starting with the exposure of shallow offshore Nile delta sands beginning [~]180 ka, during a period of glacially lowered eustatic sea level. This exposure allowed the formation of the dunes of the Sinai-Negev erg and the eastward movement of the dunes under the gusty glacial-time winds in northern Sinai. This eastward dune advance occurred by eolian saltation that generated the coarse silts that accumulated downwind as loess. We postulate that the absence of earlier Negev loess is not a result of interglacial erosion as previously proposed but is due to the relatively recent convergence of the above conditions necessary for loess formation. We based our interpretation on analyses of two long-term natural dust traps and the association of coarse quartz silt production with the advancing quartz-rich dunes over this carbonate terrain. The Nile delta is considered to be an early to middle Pleistocene feature, and therefore could have been the source of sand throughout the Quaternary. However, it was under the waters of the Mediterranean most of the time, and only exposed from marine oxygen isotope stage 7 to early stage 6. In Quaternary times prior to erg formation, Negev dust was finer, composed of silt and clays derived from distal sources in the Sahara and Arabian deserts.
    Print ISSN: 0016-7606
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 4
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    Radar-based characterisation of heavy precipitation in the eastern Mediterranean and its representation in a convection-permitting model (2020)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-16
    Description: Heavy precipitation events (HPEs) can lead to natural hazards (e.g. floods and debris flows) and contribute to water resources. Spatiotemporal rainfall patterns govern the hydrological, geomorphological, and societal effects of HPEs. Thus, a correct characterisation and prediction of rainfall patterns is crucial for coping with these events. Information from rain gauges is generally limited due to the sparseness of the networks, especially in the presence of sharp climatic gradients. Forecasting HPEs depends on the ability of weather models to generate credible rainfall patterns. This paper characterises rainfall patterns during HPEs based on high-resolution weather radar data and evaluates the performance of a high-resolution, convection-permitting Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model in simulating these patterns. We identified 41 HPEs in the eastern Mediterranean from a 24-year radar record using local thresholds based on quantiles for different durations, classified these events into two synoptic systems, and ran model simulations for them. For most durations, HPEs near the coastline were characterised by the highest rain intensities; however, for short durations, the highest rain intensities were found for the inland desert. During the rainy season, the rain field's centre of mass progresses from the sea inland. Rainfall during HPEs is highly localised in both space (less than a 10 km decorrelation distance) and time (less than 5 min). WRF model simulations were accurate in generating the structure and location of the rain fields in 39 out of 41 HPEs. However, they showed a positive bias relative to the radar estimates and exhibited errors in the spatial location of the heaviest precipitation. Our results indicate that convection-permitting model outputs can provide reliable climatological analyses of heavy precipitation patterns; conversely, flood forecasting requires the use of ensemble simulations to overcome the spatial location errors.
    Print ISSN: 1027-5606
    Electronic ISSN: 1607-7938
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 5
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    Lithology of lateglacial ICDP core 5017-1-A (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: This dataset provides lithological data from ICDP core 5017-1-A, retrieved from the deep northern Dead Sea basin in 2010/11, for the last glacial-interglacial transition (ca. 17-11.5 ka BP). The microfacies of the Lisan Formation was investigated between ~101 and 88.5 m sediment depth below lake floor by continuous thin section microscopy, while additional macroscopic information is provided from core catchers, as well as from over- and underlying sediment sections. Thin sections were prepared following the standard procedure by Brauer and Casanova (2001) that was adjusted for salty sediments. Thin section analyses were performed on overlapping large-scale thin sections using a Zeiss Axiolab pol microscope at magnifications of 50-400x.
    Keywords: CDRILL; Core drilling; Core gap; Dead Sea; Dead Sea Basin, Israel; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DSDDP_5017-1-A; Eastern Mediterranean; ICDP; International Continental Scientific Drilling Program; Lateglacial; Lithological unit thickness; Lithological unit type; microfacies analyses; Paleoclimate; varve chronology; Zeiss Axiolab pol microscope
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 534 data points
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  • 6
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    Varve thickness of lateglacial ICDP core 5017-1-A-44 (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: This dataset provides annually resolved microfacies data from ICDP core 5017-1-A, retrieved from the deep northern Dead Sea basin in 2010/11, for the last glacial-interglacial transition (ca. 14-13 ka BP). Sediments of the Lisan Formation were investigated between ~94.7 and 91.8 m sediment depth below lake floor (lithozone C2) by continuous thin section microscopy. Thin sections were prepared following the standard procedure by Brauer and Casanova (2001) that was adjusted for salty sediments. Thin section analyses were performed on overlapping large-scale thin sections using a Zeiss Axiolab pol microscope at magnifications of 50-400x. Microfacies analyses included varve counting and measurements of varve and sublayer thickness. The amount of varves in erosional gaps was interpolated and the position of mass flow deposits (MFD) is marked.
    Keywords: CDRILL; Core drilling; Dead Sea; Dead Sea Basin, Israel; DSDDP_5017-1-A; Eastern Mediterranean; ICDP; International Continental Scientific Drilling Program; Lateglacial; microfacies analyses; Paleoclimate; Position; varve chronology; Varve number; Varve thickness; Varve thickness, aragonite sub-layer; Zeiss Axiolab pol microscope
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2648 data points
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  • 7
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    Lithology and varve chronology for sediment profile Masada (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: This dataset provides microfacies data from the sediment profile at Masada (MAS), located at the southwestern shore of the Dead Sea for the last glacial-interglacial transition (ca. 17-11.5 ka BP). The uppermost ~3.8 m sediments of the Lisan Formation were analyzed, which form the terminal deposit at this site. About 1.37 m from the uppermost UGU to the lowermost AGU were sampled continuously for thin section analyses, while macroscopic information is provided for most of the gypsum units. Sampling was performed in 2018 and followed the subsequent procedure: after smoothing the outcrop surface with a sharp knife, stainless steel boxes (~34 cm x 5 cm) with removable side walls were pressed into the sediment along a vertical profile. The boxes were overlapping by several centimeters and a battery-operated dovetail saw was used to cut the hard gypsum sections. At the GFZ in Potsdam, the sediments were carefully transferred into aluminum boxes and impregnated with epoxy resin. Thin sections (10x2 cm) with 2 cm overlap were prepared subsequently. Thin section analyses were performed using a Zeiss Axiolab pol microscope at magnifications of 50-400x. A floating varve chronology was established between the UGU and AGU and anchored at the bottom of the AGU using the transferred age from the new OxCal age model from the ICDP core. Uncertainties are derived from the age model and varve counting. Microfacies analyses included varve counting and measurements of varve and sublayer thickness.
    Keywords: AGE; Age, uncertainty maximum/old; Age, uncertainty minimum/young; Dead Sea; Dead Sea Basin, Israel; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Eastern Mediterranean; Gypsum Unit thickness; ICDP; International Continental Scientific Drilling Program; Lateglacial; Layer thickness; MAS; Masada; microfacies analyses; Occurrence; Paleoclimate; SSBOX; Stainless steel box; varve chronology; Varve number; Varve thickness; Varve thickness, aragonite sub-layer; Varve thickness, detrital sub-layer; Varve thickness, gypsum sub-layer; Zeiss Axiolab pol microscope
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 7652 data points
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  • 8
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    Microfacies data and age model from the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) Dead Sea core and the Masada outcrop (southwestern shore of the Dead Sea) (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: These datasets provide sedimentological data partly at annual resolution and an age model for the lateglacial part of (1) the ICDP sediment core 5017-1-A retrieved from the deep northern Dead Sea basin in 2010/11, and (2) for the Masada outcrop located at the southwestern shore of the Dead Sea sampled in 2018. The here investigated two sediment sections cover the last glacial-interglacial transition (ca. 17-11.5 ka BP) in the hydroclimatically sensitive Levant, when the water level of Lake Lisan – the precursor of the Dead Sea – dropped dramatically from its glacial high-stand to the Holocene low levels. Here, we analyze the interval between the last two gypsum units – the Upper Gypsum Unit (UGU) and the Additional Gypsum Unit (AGU) – which were also used to correlate the two sites. In the ICDP core this section is located between ~101 and 88.5 m sediment depth below lake floor and at Masada it encompasses the uppermost ~3.8 m sediments of the Lisan Formation, which form the terminal deposit at this site. Due to the lake level decline, the complete transition into the Holocene is only recorded in the ICDP core, while sedimentation at Masada terminates earlier. The microfacies was investigated by continuous thin section microscopy, while additional macroscopic information is provided from over- and underlying sediment sections. A revised chronology using age modelling in OxCal (Ramsey 2008; Ramsey 2009; Ramsey and Lee 2013) was developed for the ICDP core and a floating varve chronology was constructed at Masada. Using these new microfacies data from marginal (Masada) and deep-water (ICDP core) sediments, the hydroclimatic variability during the final stage of Lake Lisan can be reconstructed, which could provide important insights into the development of human sedentism in the region at this time.
    Keywords: Dead Sea; Eastern Mediterranean; ICDP; International Continental Scientific Drilling Program; Lateglacial; microfacies analyses; Paleoclimate; varve chronology
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 9
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    Varve thickness of lateglacial ICDP core 5017-1-A (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: This dataset provides annually resolved microfacies data from ICDP core 5017-1-A, retrieved from the deep northern Dead Sea basin in 2010/11, for the last glacial-interglacial transition (ca. 17-11.5 ka BP). Sediments of the Lisan Formation were investigated between ~101 and 88.5 m sediment depth below lake floor by continuous thin section microscopy, while additional macroscopic information is provided from core catchers, as well as from over- and underlying sediment sections. Thin sections were prepared following the standard procedure by Brauer and Casanova (2001) that was adjusted for salty sediments. Thin section analyses were performed on overlapping large-scale thin sections using a Zeiss Axiolab pol microscope at magnifications of 50-400x. Microfacies analyses included varve counting and measurements of varve and sublayer thickness.
    Keywords: CDRILL; Core drilling; Dead Sea; Dead Sea Basin, Israel; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DSDDP_5017-1-A; Eastern Mediterranean; ICDP; International Continental Scientific Drilling Program; Lateglacial; microfacies analyses; Paleoclimate; varve chronology; Varve thickness; Varve thickness, aragonite sub-layer; Varve thickness, detrital sub-layer; Varve thickness, gypsum sub-layer; Zeiss Axiolab pol microscope
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3975 data points
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  • 10
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    Age model of lateglacial ICDP core 5017-1-A (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: This dataset provides the results from Bayesian age depth modelling in OxCal for ICDP core 5017-1-A, retrieved from the deep northern Dead Sea basin in 2010/11, for the last glacial-interglacial transition between ~101 and 88.5 m sediment depth below lake floor (ca. 17-11.5 ka BP). The model was performed in OxCal v.4.4 using a P_Sequence (1,1,C(-2,2)) (Ramsey 2008; Ramsey 2009; Ramsey and Lee 2013) and includes three tephrochronological ages from Neugebauer et al. (2021) and three radiocarbon ages from Kitagawa et al. (2017).
    Keywords: AGE; Age, uncertainty maximum/old; Age, uncertainty minimum/young; CDRILL; Core drilling; Dead Sea; Dead Sea Basin, Israel; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DSDDP_5017-1-A; Eastern Mediterranean; ICDP; International Continental Scientific Drilling Program; Lateglacial; microfacies analyses; Paleoclimate; varve chronology
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 5636 data points
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