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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 130 (1966), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 112 (1964), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1999-12-15
    Description: A trial planted on six sites representing five growth modelling regions and a range of site qualities in New Zealand was used to examine the interaction of silviculture and genetic improvement in Pinus radiata D. Don. Four seed lots with differing genetic potential for growth were grown under four stocking treatments from 100 to 600 stems/ha, all with a thinning ratio of 5:2. In addition, two treatments were planted at 500 stems/ha, one pruned and one unpruned. Among sites, differences were large for mean top height (8.1-13.9 m), basal area (7.9-21.5 m2/ha), and volume (25-108 m3/ha) at 8 years from planting. Differences among silvicultural treatments were large for basal area (with a range of 4.3-18.8 m2/ha over sites) and volume (17-86 m3/ha) and smaller but statistically significant for mean top height (10.1-11.6 m). Differences among seed lots were statistically significant for all traits but larger for basal area (12.1-13.6 m2/ha) and volume (51-59 m3/ha) than for height (10.7-11.1 m). Genetically different seed lots performed similarly relative to each other over the range of sites and silvicultural treatment, with a slight trend for greater differences among seed lots in the faster growing silvicultural treatments. However, differences in tree growth were many times greater among sites and silvicultural treatment than among genetically different seed lots.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2001-12-01
    Description: The financial viability of DNA marker-based within-family selection (MBS) compared with full-sib family forestry was evaluated for Pinus radiata Donn. ex D. Don. Two traits were investigated: wood density (WD) and diameter at breast height (DBH, 1.4 m). Assuming 20 biallelic loci of equal additive effect controlling trait variation in 15 unrelated top full-sib families of P. radiata, marginal costs of quantitative trait loci (QTL) detection and selection were estimated based on an average of slightly less than five loci per family. We assumed a program where 10 genotypes per family per year were deployed over a 5-year period, and each replicated 100 000 times via fascicle cuttings methods. Estimated marginal costs were NZ$32 and NZ$72 per 1000 plants for WD and DBH, respectively. Genotyping costs were the single largest component for both traits. Genetic gains were estimated by modifying predicted log volumes (DBH) or proportion of structural-grade timber (WD) with and without pruning. Estimated genetic gains ranged from 3.2 to 3.4%. Net present values (assuming a 9.5% discount rate) ranged from an average of NZ$51 to NZ$621/ha. Results showed that MBS for DBH was more profitable than for WD, despite markedly higher costs of QTL detection. All trait-silviculture combinations showed financial gains with internal rates of return of 9% or greater, even when estimated revenues were decreased 70% from forecast revenues. While this analysis is based on a large number of assumptions, it is robust and the results show that significant financial gains from MBS are possible even when selection is based upon DNA markers linked to a few loci each of relatively small effect.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1998-02-01
    Description: Diameter and height distributions for Pinus radiata D. Don trees grown from seed lots representing a range of genetic improvement were compared at midrotation (age 14 or 15) in seven large-plot trials at six sites. In one of the trials, comparisons were made at year 5 and annually from age 8 to 16. These are the first data from plantation conifers comparing tree size distributions of commercially planted seed lots. Differences among seed lots for quadratic mean diameter and mean height were statistically significant and generally reflected the expected level of genetic improvement. Standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis were not significantly different among seed lots. However, diameter distributions of higher rated seed lots sometimes appeared very slightly more skewed to the right and flatter than the lower rated seed lots, a similar tendency observed as stands age. Models used to predict diameter distribution from stand parameters are not likely to require modification for genetically improved seed lots.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2004-12-01
    Description: Two intensive harvesting trials with contrasting nutrient capital were examined for genetic × environment interactions to age 5 years after planting. Treatments included differences in removal of organic matter and in site preparation and weed control, with each treatment having both fertilized and nonfertilized plots. Three harvest treatments (both fertilized and nonfertilized) were common to both sites, with two additional treatments at one site. There were four replicate plots of each treatment combination at each site, with two trees from each of three control seed lots and 47 open-pollinated families chosen to represent the range of performance for growth planted in each plot. Large differences among sites and among treatments in both growth and foliar nutrient concentration were observed. Genetic × site interactions and genetic × treatment within site interactions were seldom significant. Significant interactions did not appear to be related to changes in rankings of families, but rather to the differences in variance among families in different treatments. This study suggests that selection of specific radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) families for better growth performance on nutrient-deficient sites in New Zealand would not result in substantial improvement over selection for growth on all sites disregarding nutrient availability.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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