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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Cold CO2 gas emission sites in rainwater-filled pools, so called mofettes, are widely distributed all over Italy. Their gas reservoirs, mostly having a high CO2 content, have a magmatic and/or metamorphic origin. Temporal variations in fluid expulsions were observed at the mofettes of Caprese Michelangelo during the period from 2002 to 2005. These observations were made possible by using a new approach: photographic time-series. A first interpretation of these fluid expulsionswas based on meteorological/hydrogeological explanations.However, our long-term observations show that these processes may merely be a side effect. The probable main reason for the anomalous emissions is the long-term variation in the long-distance fluid transport process from the reservoir induced by the local tectonic settings. In the northern part of the Alto Tiberina Fault, a fault intersection was reactivated by a seismic sequence which started on 2001 November 26, and continued for approximately four months. The magnitude of the main shock was MW = 4.6. As revealed by the drilling of a deep borehole, dug in the direct vicinity, overpressurized fluids trapped at a depth of 3700 m could be activated as a consequence of the improved transport conditions, that is, the fracture apertures that materialized as a result of the rupture process. A migration of the hypocentres towards the surface provides hints of a possible pore pressure diffusion process. The consequence is an increased fluid transport to the mofettes. The first indications of anomalous fluid expulsions at the mofettes of Caprese Michelangelo were detected 18 months after the seismic events.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 974-806
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): earthquakes ; fluid dynamics ; hydrodynamics ; microearthquakes ; pore pressure diffusion ; seismotectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Format: 992000 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Gas flux measurements have for the first time been taken from vents and soil of eastern Romania mud volcanoes, the largest geological structures in Europe releasing methane into the atmosphere. In the quiescent phase, the methane emission from single vents is up to 28 t yr)1. Diffuse soil microseepage is of the order of 102)105 mg m)2 day)1. A total output of at least 1200 tonnes of CH4 per year can be conservatively estimated over the area investigated alone ( 2.3 km2). Helium fluxes are up to five orders of magnitude higher than the average flux in a stable continental area, pointing to a close link between mud volcanoes and crustal degassing through faults crossing the deep hydrocarbon reservoirs. These data represent a key contribution towards refining global CH4-emission estimates,which indicate mud volcanoes as a significant and unavoidable source of greenhouse gases for the atmosphere.
    Beschreibung: NATO
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 179–184
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): mud volcanoes ; gas flux ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.04. Processes and Dynamics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Format: 438879 bytes
    Format: 543 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: text/html
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Geochemical investigations carried out at the Campano-Lucano Apennine (Southern Italy) revealed the presence of fluids composed of a mixing between components of shallow and deep origin, where mantle-derived helium is also detectable. For the gas phase, the deep component is represented by both CH4 and CO2-rich gases, while the shallow one is N2-dominated. Coinciding with the 3 April 1996 ML = 4.9 earthquake, the CH4- rich component mixed with the shallow, NZ-dominated one at the Tramutola well (Val dfAgri), displaying wide variations in mixing proportions. In contrast, no significant modificationsoccurred in relation to the 1998 ML = 5.5 event. According to the collected data, an earthquake-related transient modification of local crustal permeability is suggested for the 1996 event. The different crustal response to the two events may be related to different stress distributions around the epicentres or may suggest a different tectonic connection between the Val d'Agri and the two earthquake locations.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 249-257
    Beschreibung: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): fluids ; seismicity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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