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  • Articles  (164)
  • Springer  (162)
  • BioMed Central
  • Chemistry and Pharmacology  (164)
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  • Articles  (164)
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  • 1
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    Thermodynamic analysis of DNA binding by a Bacillus single stranded DNA binding protein (2012)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-15
    Description: Background: Single-stranded DNA binding proteins (SSB) are essential for DNA replication, repair, and recombination in all organisms. SSB works in concert with a variety of DNA metabolizing enzymes such as DNA polymerase. Results: We have cloned and purified SSB from Bacillus anthracis (SSBBA). In the absence of DNA, at concentrations [less than or equal to]100 mug/ml, SSBBA did not form a stable tetramer and appeared to resemble bacteriophage T4 gene 32 protein. Fluorescence anisotropy studies demonstrated that SSBBA bound ssDNA with high affinity comparable to other prokaryotic SSBs. Thermodynamic analysis indicated both hydrophobic and ionic contributions to ssDNA binding. FRET analysis of oligo(dT)70 binding suggested that SSBBA forms a tetrameric assembly upon ssDNA binding. This report provides evidence of a bacterial SSB that utilizes a novel mechanism for DNA binding through the formation of a transient tetrameric structure. Conclusions: Unlike other prokaryotic SSB proteins, SSBBA from Bacillus anthracis appeared to be monomeric at concentrations [less than or equal to]100 mug/ml as determined by SE-HPLC. SSBBA retained its ability to bind ssDNA with very high affinity, comparable to SSB proteins which are tetrameric. In the presence of a long ssDNA template, SSBBA appears to form a transient tetrameric structure. Its unique structure appears to be due to the cumulative effect of multiple key amino acid changes in its sequence during evolution, leading to perturbation of stable dimer and tetramer formation. The structural features of SSBBA could promote facile assembly and disassembly of the protein-DNA complex required in processes such as DNA replication.
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2091
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 2
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    Thermodynamic analysis of DNA binding by a Bacillus single stranded DNA binding protein (2012)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-01-01
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2091
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by BioMed Central
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymer anchored metal complexes (1991)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 26 (1991), S. 151-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Thermal stabilities of these polymers are influenced by the nature of the 3d-metal and their initial decomposition temperatures are between 230–290°C in general. The dielectric constant values are essentially independent of the applied frequency and at 104 KHz reveal the trend: $$PMDA\mathop { - DP - }\limits_{(9.2)} Cr\left. {(III)} \right\rangle {\text{ PM}}\mathop {{\text{DA - D}}}\limits_{{\text{(8}}{\text{.7)}}} {\text{P - Fe}}\left. {{\text{(III)}}} \right\rangle {\text{ PM}}\mathop {{\text{DA - D}}}\limits_{{\text{(8}}{\text{.1)}}} {\text{P - Cu}}\left. {{\text{(II)}}} \right\rangle {\text{ P}}\mathop {{\text{MDA}}}\limits_{{\text{(8}}{\text{.0)}}} {\text{ - DP}}$$ Values for dielectric loss (tan δ) for these polymers are low (1–4×10-2 at 10 KHz) and unlike the dielectric constant, are strongly dependent on the applied frequency. The d.c.-conductivities of the polymers are in the range 4.5×10-8 – 4.7×10-10 (ohm-cm)-1 and depend on the metal ions: $$\left. {Fe^{3 + } } \right\rangle \left. {Cr^{3 + } } \right\rangle \left. {Ni^{2 + } } \right\rangle Cu^{2 + } $$
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297519
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical properties of oriented fibres of semicrystalline polymers based upon orientation function from optical properties (1986)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 264 (1986), S. 128-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Orientation of polymer chains ; mechanical properties ; birefringence ; deformation scheme
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The computation of the orientational averages is a great problem in the case of semicrystalline polymers. In a previous communication [1] it has been shown that sinθ=f(λ) sinθ′ describes the orientational changes satisfactorily for a certain class of polymers. In this paper some alternative deformation schemes are also discussed. It has been concluded that birefringence provides a useful guideline in the choice of a deformation scheme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01414838
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mechanical and optical properties of oriented fibres of semicrystalline polymers (1984)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 262 (1984), S. 623-626 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Orientation of polymer chains ; birefringence ; mechanical properties ; semicrystalline polymers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The mechanical properties of semicrystalline polymers are very much dependent on the molecular orientation. The orientation function to deal with the elastic moduli data of Hadley et al. (1969) are treated under new aspects. To determine the nature of orientation function from empirical data a relation of the form Sinθ=f (n) Sinθ′ is assumed to describe the change in the orientation angle of a unit from θ′ to θ for the draw ration. Birefringence experimental data are used to find the orientation functionf (n) which is then used to calculate elastic properties. The agreement of the experimental values ofE 0 andE 90 over the entire draw ratio range is found to be satisfactory for Nylon, low density polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate. This furnishes strong empirical evidence for the validity of the orientational model for the above substances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01452453
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Silver(III)complexes as initiators of aqueous polymerization of methyl methacrylate (1967)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 215 (1967), S. 47-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Ethylenedibiguanide complexes of silver(III), having perchlorate, nitrate and sulfate groups as respective anions, are capable of initiating aqueous vinyl polymerization in dark at elevated temperatures (35 °C or higher). Oxygen acts as an inhibitor. Initiator exponent value and overall energy of activation are 0.86 and 22 ±1.5 Kcals/mole respectively in case of perchlorate complex initiation. Hydroxyl endgroups have been found to be incorporated in polymers by the application of dye-technique developed byPalit. Near ultraviolet photoexcitation at low temperature is quite ineffective in bringing out such aqueous initiation. Thiourea has been found to be an efficient reductant, capable of forming redox initiation pairs with these complexes and presence of amino bearing endgroups has been detected in resulting polymer by the application of dye-technique. Based on these findings suitable mechanisms of initiation and termination have been proposed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Äthylendibiguanid-Komplexe von Silber (III), die Perchlorat-, Nitrat- und Sulfatgruppen als respektive Anionen besitzen, sind befähigt, bei höheren Temperaturen (35 °C oder höher) im Dunkeln eine Vinylpolymerisation im wäßrigen Medium zu initiieren. Sauerstoff wirkt als Inhibitor. Der Wert des Exponenten für den Initiator und die allgemeine Aktivierungsenergie betragen 0,86 bzw. 22±1,5 kcal/mol im Fall der Initiierung durch Perchlorat-Komplexe. Es wurde gefunden, daß Hydroxylendgruppen in das Polymere bei Anwendung von einer Farbstoff-Technik, entwickelt durchPalit, eingebaut werden. Anregung im nahen Ultraviolett bei tieferen Temperaturen ist völlig ineffektiv in der Initiierung solcher Polymerisationen im wäßrigen Medium. Thioharnstoff ist ein wirksames Reduktionsmittel, fähig zur Bildung von Redoxkomplexen; mit diesen Komplexen und bei Anwesenheit von Amino-Endgruppen ergeben sich Polymere bei Anwendung der Farb-Technik. Basierend auf diesen Ergebnissen werden geeignete Mechanismen für die Initiierung und für das Wachstum vorgeschlagen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01500480
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oberflächenpotentiale von gemischten Einzelschichten aus normalen langkettigen Alkoholen und normalen Alkoxyäthanolen (1977)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 255 (1977), S. 515-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01536502
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of carbohydrates on the heat of fusion of water (1975)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 4 (1975), S. 581-590 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Aqueous ; carbohydrates ; molar heat of fusion of water ; differential scanning calorimeter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The freezing of aqueous solutions of carbohydrates has been studied using differential scanning calorimetry. The reduction in the molar heat of fusion of water is attributed to the nonfreezing of a proportion of the water in the presence of the dissolved carbohydrate. The effects of concentration and molecular weight have been investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00643380
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrocatalytic activities of graphite-supported platinum electrodes for methanol electrooxidation (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 26 (1996), S. 30-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Electrooxidation of methanol in 1 m NaOH at 30°C was studied on graphite-supported platinum electrodes prepared both in hydrogen and in air at various temperatures. Heating in hydrogen always produced higher surface area of Pt, and hence greater mass activity, than in air at a particular temperature. Nevertheless, both the graphite-supported platinum electrodes exhibited almost the same specific activity as a smooth Pt electrode for methanol electrooxidation irrespective of the preparation conditions. This indicates that the difference in mass activity is due to different surface areas produced by the different preparation methods. The Tafel slope of 110 mV decade−1 on all the electrodes studied indicated that the first charge transfer process was the rate-determining step.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248185
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diborane as a reducing agent IX: Reduction of aTris(trifluoroacetyl)enaminospiroindoline (1997)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 128 (1997), S. 1283-1289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Tris(trifluoroacetyl)enaminospiroindoline ; Diborane ; 1-Trifluoroethyl-3-(2′-(trifluoroethylamino)ethyl)-3-vinylindoline ; Hydroxyspiroindolenine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Reduktion der Titelverbindung (2) mit Diboran ergibt 1-Trifluoroethyl-3-(2′-(trifluoroethylamino)ethyl)-3-vinylindolin (4), 1-Hydroxy-trifluoroethyl-3-(2′-(trifluoroethylamino)ethyl)indol (5) und 1-Methyl-2-trifluoroethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carbolin (6). Behandlung von2 mit Lithiumaluminiumhydrid, H2/Pd auf Aktivkohle und Natriumborhydrid führt jedoch zu Hydroxyspiroindolenin8, Hydroxy-bis(trifluoroacetyl)enaminospiroindolin9 und N-Ethyltryptamin (7). Die Ergebnisse werden diskutiert und die Mechanismen der zu den Produkten4–8 führenden Reaktionen werden vorgestellt.
    Notes: Summary Reduction of the title compound (2) with diborane furnishes 1-trifluoroethyl-3-(2′-(trifluoroethylamino)ethyl)-3-vinylindoline (4), 1-hydroxy-trifluoroethyl-3-(2′-(trifluoroethylamino)ethyl)indole (5), and 1-methyl-2-trifluoroethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline (6). However, treatment of2 with lithium aluminum hydride, H2/Pd on charcoal, and sodium borohydride affords hydroxyspiroindolenine8, hydroxy-bis(trifluoroacetyl)enaminospiroindoline9, andN-ethyltryptamine7, respectively. The results are discussed and the mechanisms of the reactions leading to4–8 are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807261
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