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  • BioMed Central  (1)
  • Emerald  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford, West Yorkshire [u.a.] : Emerald
    Journal of property investment & finance 23 (2005), S. 329-341 
    ISSN: 1463-578X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Purpose - The objective of this paper is to re-appraise intra-urban rent models in the context of a multi-nodal landscape. Primarily, the study focuses on the early work of Alonso and, more recently, Di Pasquale and Wheaton. Although the latter use a more sophisticated approach, both models lead to similar outputs, notably a declining rent gradient from the central business district (CBD). However, throughout the twentieth century there has been a considerable process of urban industrial change. Di Pasquale and Wheaton recognise this and argue that this has led to an almost flat industrial rent gradient. Design/methodology/approach - To assess the current impact on industrial rents a hedonic rent regression model is applied which enables us to standardise for property characteristics. Findings - The results support the hypothesis that the rent gradient from the CBD for a large city is still downward-sloping, albeit very shallow. More interesting is the significance of proximity to motorway junctions. The analysis supports the hypothesis of a multi-nodal rent surface. Proximity to a motorway junction is the most important locational variable with a much steeper and negative gradient than that to the CBD, albeit over a shorter distance. Originality/value - These results imply that the draw of the CBD in terms of agglomeration economies and its accessibility to labour for a city the size of Glasgow still remains, but its attractions are much denuded with the development of a national motorway network.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Military field exercises are characterised by high volumes of exercise and prolonged periods of load carriage. Exercise can decrease circulating serum calcium and increase parathyroid hormone and bone resorption. These disturbances to calcium and bone metabolism can be attenuated with calcium supplementation immediately before exercise. This randomised crossover trial will investigate the effect of calcium supplementation on calcium and bone metabolism, and bone mineral balance, during load carriage exercise in women. Methods Thirty women (eumenorrheic or using the combined oral contraceptive pill, intrauterine system, or intrauterine device) will complete two experimental testing sessions either with, or without, a calcium supplement (1000 mg). Each experimental testing session will involve one 120 min session of load carriage exercise carrying 20 kg. Venous blood samples will be taken and analysed for biochemical markers of bone resorption and formation, calcium metabolism, and endocrine function. Urine will be collected pre- and post-load carriage to measure calcium isotopes for the calculation of bone calcium balance. Discussion The results from this study will help identify whether supplementing women with calcium during load carriage is protective of bone and calcium homeostasis.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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