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System Earth via Geodetic-Geophysical Space Techniques (2010)

Flechtner, Frank M. ; Gruber, Thomas ; Güntner, Andreas ; [et al.]

Berlin [u.a.] : Springer

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Call number: 5/M 11.0044

Description / Table of Contents: The Earth's gravity and magnetic gravity fields play an important role in global and regional geodynamics. Research satellites such as CHAMP, GRACE, and GOCE apply new measurement techniques to recover gravity and magnetic fields with unprecedented accuracy and resolution in space and time. Combined with terrestrial observations and numerical models, this data will significantly improve a detailed understanding of the Earth as a coupled system of atmosphere, hydrosphere and solid Earth.In Germany, many of the processing, modelling and interpreting methodologies for these new observation techniques have been developed under the umbrella of the R&D-programme GEOTECHNOLOGIEN. The research projects focus on a better understanding of the spatial and temporal variations in the magnetic and gravity field and their relationship to the dynmaics of the Earth's interior and global change processes close to its surface.This volume presents the results of all multidisciplinary studies covered by this programme for the period 2005-2008, including the following topics:- Static and time variable gravity field models from CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE- Applications of GRACE , altimetry, GPS and other data for geophysical analyses- Contributions to the Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS)- Atmospheric sounding by GPS radio occultation technique with CHAMP and GRACE- Observation of the Earth's magnetic field with CHAMPThus, it offers an up-to-date overview for a broad scientific community working in gravity field and Earth rotation research.

Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan

Pages: xx, 595 S.

ISBN: 9783642102271

Series Statement: Advanced techologies in earth sciences

Classification:

Geodesy

Location: Reading room

Branch Library: GFZ Library

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Rapidly changing flows in the Earth’s core (2008)

Olsen, Nils ; Mandea, Mioara

Springer Nature

In: Nature Geoscience. 2008; 1(6): 390-394. Published 2008 May 18. doi: 10.1038/ngeo203.

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Publication Date: 2008-05-18

Description: A large part of the Earth's magnetic field is generated by fluid motion in the molten outer core. As a result of continuous satellite measurements since 1999, the core magnetic field and its recent variations can now be described with a high resolution in space and time. These data have recently been used to investigate small-scale core flow, but no advantage has yet been taken of the improved temporal resolution, partly because the filtering effect of the electrically conducting mantle was assumed to mask short-period magnetic variations. Here we show that changes in the magnetic field occurring over only a few months, indicative of fluid flow at the top of the core, can in fact be resolved. Using nine years of magnetic field data obtained by satellites as well as Earth-based observatories, we determine the temporal changes in the core magnetic field and flow in the core. We find that the core flow is spatially localized and involves rapid variations over a few months, with surprisingly large local accelerations. Our results suggest that short-term fluctuations of the core magnetic field are robust features of rapid core dynamics and should be considered in the development of future numerical models of the geodynamo. © 2008 Nature Publishing Group.

Print ISSN: 1752-0894

Electronic ISSN: 1752-0908

Topics: Geosciences

Published by Springer Nature

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Mapping the mass distribution of Earth’s mantle using satellite-derived gravity gradients (2014)

Panet, Isabelle ; Pajot-Métivier, Gwendoline ; Greff-Lefftz, Marianne ; [et al.]

Springer Nature

In: Nature Geoscience. 2014; 7(2): 131-135. Published 2014 Jan 19. doi: 10.1038/ngeo2063.

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Publication Date: 2014-01-19

Description: The dynamics of Earth's mantle are not well known. Deciphering mantle flow patterns requires an understanding of the global distribution of mantle density. Seismic tomography has been used to derive mantle density distributions, but converting seismic velocities into densities is not straightforward. Here we show that data from the GOCE (Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer) mission can be used to probe our planet's deep mass structure. We construct global anomaly maps of the Earth's gravitational gradients at satellite altitude and use a sensitivity analysis to show that these gravitational gradients image the geometry of mantle mass down to mid-mantle depths. Our maps highlight north-south-elongated gravity gradient anomalies over Asia and America that follow a belt of ancient subduction boundaries, as well as gravity gradient anomalies over the central Pacific Ocean and south of Africa that coincide with the locations of deep mantle plumes. We interpret these anomalies as sinking tectonic plates and convective instabilities between 1,000 and 2,500 km depth, consistent with seismic tomography results. Along the former Tethyan Margin, our data also identify an east-west-oriented mass anomaly likely in the upper mantle. We suggest that by combining gravity gradients with seismic and geodynamic data, an integrated dynamic model for Earth can be achieved. © 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.

Print ISSN: 1752-0894

Electronic ISSN: 1752-0908

Topics: Geosciences