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  • Springer  (122)
  • Springer Nature  (45)
  • Wiley  (33)
  • Oxford University Press  (18)
  • National Academy of Sciences  (8)
  • Berlin: Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 43 (1987), S. 145-151 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Haematobia thirouxi potans ; buffalo fly ; larval intraspecific competition ; pupal size ; survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les effets du surpeuplement larvaire sur le développement, la survie et la taille d'Haematobia thirouxi potans, ont été examinés sur de petites quantités de bouse (10 et 20 g) et de plus importantes (1 000 g), au laboratoire à 25°C. Les bouses étaient contaminées avec des oeufs de la mouche à des densités de 0,05 à 32 oeufs par gramme de bouse. Dans la plupart des cas le taux d'éclosion était de 90–100%. La durée du dévelopement larvaire dans 10 g de bouse a été prolongée pour les densités supérieures à 0,8 oeuf per g, et la durée développement pour 32 oeufs per g (11 jours) était le double de celle obtenue grand il n'y avait pas surpeuplement. La taille et la survie diminuent toutes les deux avec la densité larvaire, mais la miniaturisation était observée à des densités où la survie n'était pas modifiée; ainsi la taille est un indice plus sensible de l'adéquation de l'habitat larvaire. Les effets du surpeuplement larvaires deviennent clairs à des densités plus faibles avec 1 000 g de la bouse qu'avec 10 g. Il y a eu une taille minimale endessous de laquelle les larves étaient incapables de former une pupe. La probabilité d'éclosion était liée à la taille de la pupe, et une plus forte proportion de petits individus ne sont pas parvenu à éclore.
    Notes: Abstract The effects of larval crowding on development, survival and size of the African buffalo fly, Haematobia thirouxi potans (Bezzi), were examined in small (10 or 20 g) and 1 000 g masses of cattle dung in the laboratory at 25°C. Dung was infested with fly eggs at densities which ranged from 0.05 to 32.0 eggs per g dung; in most cases 90–100% of eggs hatched. The duration of larval developmentin 10 g dung masses was extended by larval crowding at densities above 0.8 eggs per g dung and the development period with 32 eggs per g dung (11 days) was double that observed in uncrowded dung masses. Both size and survival decreased with increasing larval density, but stunting was observed at lower densities than those which reduced survival and so size was the more sensitive index of the adequacy of the larval environment. The effects of larval crowding became evident at lower larval densities in the 1 000 g dung masses than in the 10 g dung masses. There was a minimum size below which third instar larvae failed to pupariate. The probability of survival was related to pupal size and a high proportion of the smaller individuals failed to eclose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 33 (1984), S. 525-532 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 35 (1985), S. 183-192 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 5 (1971), S. 222-225 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
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    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 14 (1975), S. 385-388 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 5 (1977), S. 1-13 
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Blood samples were taken for two successive years from canvasback ducks trapped in the Chesapeake Bay. The first winter (1972–1973) five plasma enzymes known to respond to organochlorine poisoning were examined. Abnormal enzyme elevations suggested that 20% of the population sampled (23/115 ducks) might contain organochlorine contaminants, but no residue analyses were performed. The second winter (1974) two of the same enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase, and a third enzyme known to be specifically inhibited by lead, delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, were assayed in 95 blood samples. Blood residues of organochlorine compounds and of lead were determined in representative samples, and the correlations between residue levels and enzyme changes were examined. The enzyme bioassays in 1974 indicated that lead was a more prevalent environmental contaminant than organochlorine compounds in canvasback ducks; 17% of the blood samples had less than one-half of the normal delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity, but only 11% exhibited abnormal aspartate aminotransferase or lactate dehydrogenase activities. These findings were confirmed by residue analyses that demonstrated lead concentrations four times higher than background levels, but only relatively low organochlorine concentrations. There was a highly significant inverse correlation between delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity and blood lead concentrations (P〈0.01), and a weaker but significant correlation between plasma aspartate aminotransferase activity and blood PCB concentrations (P〈0.05). It was apparent that delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity in the blood provided a sensitive and precise estimate of lead contamination in waterfowl. In canvasback ducks 200 ppb of lead in the blood caused a 75% decrease in delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity, a magnitude of enzyme inhibition that disturbs heme synthesis and is regarded as detrimental in humans.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 29 (1979), S. 5-6 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
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  • 9
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    Springer
    Foundations of physics 30 (2000), S. 35-57 
    ISSN: 1572-9516
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract It is usually supposed that the Dirac and radiation equations predict that the phase of a fermion will rotate through half the angle through which the fermion is rotated, which means, via the measured dynamical and geometrical phase factors, that the fermion must have a half-integral spin. We demonstrate that this is not the case and that the identical relativistic quantum mechanics can also be derived with the phase of the fermion rotating through the same angle as does the fermion itself. Under spatial rotation and Lorentz transformation the bispinor transforms as a four-vector like the potential and Dirac current. Previous attempts to provide this form of transformational behavior have foundered because a satisfactory current could not be derived.(14)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    De economist 139 (1991), S. 311-330 
    ISSN: 1572-9982
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Summary In this paper we will deal with definitions ofsubjective poverty lines. To measure a poverty threshold value in terms of household income, which separates the poor from the non-poor, we take into account the opinions of all people in society. Three subjective methods will be discussed and compared,viz., the Leyden Poverty Line (LPL), the Subjective Poverty Line (SPL) and the Centre for Social Policy Poverty Line (CSP). In the empirical part of the paper we compute the average poverty line and a few corresponding characteristics for each definition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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