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  • Articles  (1)
  • Other Sources  (5)
  • Beilstein-Institut  (2)
  • Microbiology Society  (2)
  • Nature Research  (2)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2012-02-21
    Description: Chemical defense of the invasive red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla has been studied and compared to that of the noninvasive but related Gracilaria chilensis. Both species rely on a wound-activated chemical defense that makes them less attractive to the herbivorous sea snail Echinolittorina peruviana. The chemical stress response of both species was monitored by LC–ESIMS-based metabolic profiling and revealed commonalities and differences. Both algae rely on a rapid lipoxygenase mediated transformation of arachidonic acid to known and novel oxylipins. Common products are 7,8-dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and a novel eicosanoid with an unusual γ-lactone moiety. Several prostaglandins were predominantly formed by the invasive species. The role of some of these metabolites was investigated by surveying the attachment of E. peruviana on artificial food containing the respective oxylipins. Both algae species are defended against this general herbivore by 7,8-dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, whereas the prostaglandins and the novel oxylipins were inactive at naturally occurring concentrations. The role of different oxylipins in the invasive potential of Gracilaria spp. is discussed.
    Print ISSN: 2195-951X
    Electronic ISSN: 1860-5397
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Beilstein-Institut
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  • 2
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    Microbiology Society
    In:  International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 68 (1). pp. 333-340.
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: A new member of the Flavobacteriales was isolated from the surface of a stone collected on the German North Sea shore. The bacterium, strain ANORD5T, is a mesophilic, chemoheterotrophic aerobic, typical marine bacterium. Optimal growth was observed at 20–30 °C, pH 7.0–8.5 and 1–2 % sea salt. The 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed a distant relationship with the representatives of the Cryomorphaceae , with less than 90 % sequence similarity. Strain ANORD5T forms a cluster together with Owenweeksia hongkongensis UST20020801T (89.9 %), Cryomorpha ignava 1-22T (87.9 %), Luteibaculum oceani CC-AMWY-103BT (88.1 %) and Phaeocystidibacter luteus PG2S01T (87.3 %). Strain ANORD5T has a low DNA G+C content (31 mol%). Based on morphological, physiological and phylogenetic data, strain ANORD5T is considered a type strain of a new species and a new genus of the family Cryomorphaceae for which the name Vicingus serpentipes is proposed. The type strain is ANORD5T (=NCIMB 15042T=DSM 103558T=MTCC 12686T).
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-01-21
    Description: Chemical defense of the invasive red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla has been studied and compared to that of the noninvasive but related Gracilaria chilensis. Both species rely on a wound-activated chemical defense that makes them less attractive to the herbivorous sea snail Echinolittorina peruviana. The chemical stress response of both species was monitored by LC–ESIMS-based metabolic profiling and revealed commonalities and differences. Both algae rely on a rapid lipoxygenase mediated transformation of arachidonic acid to known and novel oxylipins. Common products are 7,8-dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and a novel eicosanoid with an unusual γ-lactone moiety. Several prostaglandins were predominantly formed by the invasive species. The role of some of these metabolites was investigated by surveying the attachment of E. peruviana on artificial food containing the respective oxylipins. Both algae species are defended against this general herbivore by 7,8-dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, whereas the prostaglandins and the novel oxylipins were inactive at naturally occurring concentrations. The role of different oxylipins in the invasive potential of Gracilaria spp. is discussed.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Plants rely on both mechanical and chemical defence mechanisms to protect their surfaces against microorganisms. The recently completed genome of the eelgrass Zostera marina, a marine angiosperm with fundamental importance for coastal ecosystems, showed that its re-adaptation from land to the sea has led to the loss of essential genes (for chemical communication and defence) and structural features (stomata and thick cuticle) that are typical of terrestrial plants. This study was designed to understand the molecular nature of surface protection and fouling-control strategy of eelgrass against marine epiphytic yeasts. Different surface extraction methods and comparative metabolomics by tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were used for targeted and untargeted identification of the metabolite profiles of the leaf surface and the whole tissue extracts. Desorption electrospray ionization-imaging mass spectrometry (DESI-IMS) coupled with traditional bioassays revealed, for the first time, the unique spatial distribution of the eelgrass surface-associated phenolics and fatty acids, as well as their differential bioactivity against the growth and settlement of epiphytic yeasts. This study provides insights into the complex chemical defence system of the eelgrass leaf surface. It suggests that surface-associated metabolites modulate biotic interactions and provide chemical defence and structural protection to eelgrass in its marine environment.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: A new member of the family Flavobacteriaceae was isolated from the biofilm of a stone at Nordstrand, a peninsula at the German North Sea shore. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain ANORD1T was most closely related to the validly described type strains Polaribacter porphyrae LNM-20T (97.0 %) and Polaribacter reichenbachii KMM 6386T (96.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and clustered with Polaribacter gangjinensis K17-16T (96.0 %). Strain ANORD1T was determined to be mesophilic, Gram-negative, non-motile and strictly aerobic. Optimal growth was observed at 20–30 °C, within a salinity range of 2–7 % sea salt and from pH 7–10. Like other type strains of the genus Polaribacter, ANORD1T was tested negative for flexirubin-type pigments, while carotenoid-type pigments were detected. The DNA G+C content of strain ANORD1T was 30.6 mol%. The sole respiratory quinone detected was menaquinone 6 (MK-6). The major fatty acids identified were C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, C15 : 1 ω6c and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH. Based on the polyphasic approach, strain ANORD1T represents a novel species in the genus Polaribacter, with the name Polaribacter septentrionalilitoris sp. nov. being proposed. The type strain is ANORD1T (=DSM 110039T=NCIMB 15081T=MTCC 12685T).
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Invasive species are co-introduced with microbiota from their native range and also interact with microbiota found in the novel environment to which they are introduced. Host flexibility toward microbiota, or host promiscuity, is an important trait underlying terrestrial plant invasions. To test whether host promiscuity may be important in macroalgal invasions, we experimentally simulated an invasion in a common garden setting, using the widespread invasive macroalga Agarophyton vermiculophyllum as a model invasive seaweed holobiont. After disturbing the microbiota of individuals from native and non-native populations with antibiotics, we monitored the microbial succession trajectories in the presence of a new source of microbes. Microbial communities were strongly impacted by the treatment and changed compositionally and in terms of diversity but recovered functionally by the end of the experiment in most respects. Beta-diversity in disturbed holobionts strongly decreased, indicating that different populations configure more similar –or more common– microbial communities when exposed to the same conditions. This decline in beta-diversity occurred not only more rapidly, but was also more pronounced in non-native populations, while individuals from native populations retained communities more similar to those observed in the field. This study demonstrates that microbial communities of non-native A. vermiculophyllum are more flexibly adjusted to the environment and suggests that an intraspecific increase in host promiscuity has promoted the invasion process of A. vermiculophyllum. This phenomenon may be important among invasive macroalgal holobionts in general.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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