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  • Pogonomyrmex rugosus  (1)
  • basal stalk rot  (1)
  • Springer  (2)
  • Annual Reviews
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variability in soils and vegetation associated with harvester ant (Pogonomyrmex rugosus) nests on a Chihuahuan Desert watershed (1995)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 20 (1995), S. 169-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Annual plants ; Desert ; Harvester ants ; Soil nutrients ; Spatial variability ; Pogonomyrmex rugosus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effects of harvester ant (Pogonomyrmex rugosus) nests on the density and cover of spring annual plants and on soil characteristics were measured at three locations characterized by different soils and dominant vegetation on a desert watershed. There were few differences in vegetation and soils associated with harvester ant nests at locations at the base of the watershed where brief periods of flooding and sediment deposition occur at periodic intervals. At mid-slope locations, there were significant increases in total nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus, and cover (biomass) of four species of spring annuals at the edges of nest disks when compared with reference sites. The spring annuals that exhibited increased cover were species that increase biomass as a function of available nitrogen. At a clay-loam, Scleropogon-Hilaria, grassland site, there were significant reductions in the concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+, significant increases in nitrate and total nitrogen, but a significant increase in cover in only one species of annual plant. The data demonstrate that the effects of ants on soil properties and vegetation vary with site location and soil type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336554
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indicators of resistance of sunflower plant to basal stalk rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum): Symptomatological, biochemical, anatomical, and morphological characters of the host (1991)
    Springer
    Euphytica 57 (1991), S. 195-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Helianthus annuus ; sunflower ; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ; basal stalk rot ; indicators of resistance ; phenols
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The object of this work was a study of the relationship between the field reactions of different sunflower genotypes to basal stalk rot (in terms of severe (dead plants) and incipient wilting, and lesion length) and some biochemical (phenol concentration), morphological (plant height, and stem and flower-bud diameters) and anatomical (xylem and cortical indexes) characters of the host. Plants from 8 inbred lines at closed flower-bud stage were artificially inoculated with mycelium at the base of the stem. The percentage of dead plants for each inbred line and the lesion length and wilting range for individual plants after 7 days were recorded. A positive and highly significant correlation coefficient between the percentage of dead plants and lesion length was found for the three years of the study (r=0.83; P〈0.01). A highly significant association between lesion length and wilting range for individual plants was always found (P=0.00). Postinfectional phenol content exhibited a strong negative correlation with lesion length and the percentage of dead plants in all the experiments (P=0.05). Association between postinfectional phenol content and wilting range for individual plants was significant for all the years studied (P〈0.05). No correlation between phenol levels in healthy plants of the different sunflower genotypes and their susceptibility was found. Morphological characters positively correlated with lesion length but only plant height exhibited significant values for the three years. Associations between wilting range and morphological characters for individual plants were significant for one of the two years analyzed (P〈0.05). Xylem index showed a negative correlation with lesion length which was significant one of the two years studied. The lesion length measure seems to be a simple and direct method for resistance screening before the flowering period. Although strong relations with postinfectional phenol levels were found, their determinations would be too much time consuming and not completely reliable. The relationships between other characters measured and disease resistance would indicate that physiological mechanisms could be related to resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00039666
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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