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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (26)
  • American Society of Hematology  (12)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and Rearrangement of 7-Halobicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-ols (1977)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 60 (1977), S. 1528-1544 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthese und Umlagerung von 7-Halo-bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-olenDie Reaktion von verschiedenen 7-halogen-substituierten Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-onen mit komplexen Metallhydriden oder mit Methylmagnesiumiodid zu den entsprechenden 7-Halo-bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-olen verläuft unter Angriff des Nucleophils trans zum Halogen, um dem vicinalen Kohlenstoff-Halogen-Dipol auszuweichen. In Gegenwart von starken Basen unterliegen die Halohydrine einer Umlagerung, die je nach der durch die intramolekularen Wechselwirkungen bedingten Konformation, entweder unter Hydridverschiebung zu Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-onen oder, unter Ringverengung, zu Bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-en-6-carbaldehyden führt.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19770600510
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unexpected Configurational and Conformational Preference in Bicyclo [3.2.0]heptane Systems (1982)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 65 (1982), S. 703-720 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Einige 7endo-monosubstituierte Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-one and Bicyclo-[3.2.0]heptan-6-one zeigen eine unerwartete thermodynamische Stabilität gegenüber den entsprechenden 7exo-Isomeren. Die basenkatalysierte Epimerisierung (NaOH oder N(CH2CH3)3) verschiedener 7-monosubstituierter Bicyclo[3.2.0]-hept-2-en-6-one (1-7) und Bicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-6-one (8-10) führt je nach Substituent (R) zu folgenden endo/exo-Gleichgewichtsgemischen: (a) Bicyclo[3.2.0]-hept-2-en-6-one: R = F: 89/11, R = C1: 87/13, R = CH3: 76/24, R = CH2CH3: 65/35, R = CH (CH3)2: 57/43, R= C (CH3)3: 10/90, R= C6H5: 66/34; (b) Bicyclo[3.2.0]-heptan-6-one: R = C1: 85/15, R = CH3: 45/55, R= C (CH3)3: 0,4/99,6. In jedem Fall wurde das gleiche Epimerengemisch erhalten, ausgehend sowohl vom endo- wie auch vom exo-Isomeren.Die bemerkenswerte endo-Stabilität wird einer Bevorzugung der Konformation 11 des Cyclobutanonringes zugeschrieben, verursacht durch geringere Pitzer-Spannung. So kann ein endo-Substituent an C(7) eine pseudoäquatoriale Lage am Cyclobutanonring einnehmen. Bei sehr sperrigen Substituenten mit zunehmender Raumerfüllung nimmt eine 1,2-abstossende Wechselwirkung langsam überhand, bis im Falle des t-Butylsubstituenten die exo-Konfiguration die stabilere wird.Die Dehalogenierung von 7-Halo-substituierten Bicyclo [3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-onen (15 bis 21) mit Zink und Eisessig und mit Tributylzinnhydrid führte zu den folgenden endo/exo-Epimerengemischen der entsprechenden 7-monosubstituierten Bicyclo [3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-one (2 bis 7): R = C1: 92/8, R = CH3: 93/7, R = CH2CH3: 93/7, R = CH(CH3)2: 92/8, R = C(CH3)3: 93/7, R = C6H5: 93/7. In allen Fällen, also unabhängig vom Substituenten R, war das endo-isomere stark bevorzugt. Es muss sich also um eine kinetische Kontrolle im isomerenbestimmenden Schritt handeln: Die Reduktion verläft über das Enolat, bzw. über eine Radikalspezies mit trigonal-planarer Anordnung am C(7), so dass die (irreversible) Wasserstoff-Anlagerung von der weniger behinderten Site, der exo-Seite her erfolgt.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19820650308
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymeric viologens as electron donors in hydrogen production by intact cells of Clostridium pasteurianum, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, and Rhodospirillum rubrumN.R.C.C. No. 18 008. (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 181 (1980), S. 651-656 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The behaviour of 5 polymeric viologens 2a - e as electron donors in the production of hydrogen by intact cells of Cl. pasteurianum, D. desulfuricans, and R. rubrum was studied. The hydrogen production was followed by gas chromatography and the results indicate that Cl. pasteurianum and D. desulfuricans are much more active than R. rubrum. Polymeric viologens 2a - e show lower initial rates than the low molecular weight viologens 1a and 1b. However, this is independent of the final amount of hydrogen produced, since the polymers are as efficient or more efficient than 1a and 1b. The results are briefly discussed in terms of redox potentials, substituent effects and conformational factors.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1980.021810310
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of ethyl acetate from dilute ethanol solutions by Candida utilis (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 26 (1984), S. 1038-1041 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The conversion of ethanol to ethyl acetate has an advantage as a method of ethanol recovery since ethyl acetate is amenable to simple solvent extraction. The potential of Candida utilis in this conversion was studied. The kinetics of accumulation of ethanol and ethyl acetate in glucose-grown C. utilis showed that ester formation resulted from ethanol utilization under appropriate aeration and was inhibited by Fe3+ supplementation. Candida utilis converted ethanol to ethyl acetate optimally at pH 5.0-7.0. The five-hour rate of ester production increased as the ethanol concentration increased to 10 g/L, and rapidly declined to zero at concentrations exceeding 35 g/L. Thus, C. utilis has potential to recover dilute ethanol in the form of ethyl acetate.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260260905
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of drying on yield and calorific values of extractables from leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 26 (1984), S. 335-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of dehydration on yield and calorific values has been investigated for oils, hydrocarbons, and polyphenols extracted from leaves of Euphorbia esula/ (leafy spurge). Methods of dehydration employed were with a warm oven (50°C), a hot oven (105°C), at room temperature (25°C), and with freeze drying. Generally, dehydration resulted in a loss of yield for all extractives. Noteworthy exceptions were oil yields from the warm-oven- or air-dried biomass which did not differ significantly from fresh tissue. Significant differences in calorific values (range 4643-5192 cal/g) were observed for each category of whole leafy biomass dehydrated as indicated above. Dehydration reduced the calorific value of oils (range 9483-10,095 cal/g) but tended to increase the calorific values of polyphenols (range 4178-6033 cal/g). NMR spectroscopy of the oil fraction suggested that dehydration did not grossly alter the composition of oils, despite differences in yield and calorific values.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260260407
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial fermentation of cellulose: Effect of physical and chemical parameters (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (1983), S. 2567-2575 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Acetivibrio celluloyticus converts cellulose directly to ethanol, acetate, H2, and CO2. The effects of various physical and chemical parameters, and their interdependence, including pH, temperature, redox, and ethanol toxicity on this fermentation, were studied. Controlling pH at 6.8 favored a predominance of ethanol over acetate. Supplementation of the medium with additional reductant, concomitant with a lower redox potential, incresed ethanol formation. Results from ethanol-challenged cultures indicated that cell lysis occurs with growing but not with nongrowing cells. A stable strain was adapted for growth in ethanol concentrations almost sevenfold greater than the parent organism.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260251107
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of the enzyme-catalysed Baeyer-Villiger reaction as a useful technique in organic synthesis (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 5 (1993), S. 334-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: lactone synthesis ; stereoselective oxidation ; monooxygenases ; Pseudomonas putida NCIMB 10007 ; Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NCIMB 9871 ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The current practices of using monooxygenase enzymes to perform regio- and stereoselective oxidation reactions in organic syntheses are reviewed. The isolation of a monooxygenase from Pseudomonas putida NCIMB 10007 and its use in the conversion of bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-one into two isomeric optically active lactones is described. The monooxygenase utilises NADH as cofactor and NADH-recycling is accomplished using formate and formate dehydrogenase. As alternative methodology, it is shown that a secondary alcohol can be converted into a chiral lactone using a dehydrogenase and a monooxygenase working in tandem with in situ cofactor recycling. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chir.530050510
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamic properties of sea salt solutions (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 326-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Based on new experimental data presented for the boiling point elevation of natural sea water solutions, smoothed tabular values are presented for boiling point elevation (BPE), osmotic coefficient, water activity, osmotic pressure, and minimum separation energy to 200°C and 12% sea salt.The concentration of sodium chloride solutions having the same water activities as sea salt solutions is also presented.Rigorous thermodynamics and the equations for strong electrolytes by Bromley (1973) were used for the correlation together with previously obtained heat capacity and enthalpy data and equations. A simplified equation is presented for boiling point elevation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200218
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dropwise and filmwise condensation of water vapor on gold (1973)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 19 (1973), S. 119-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A pure gold tube was found to give filmwise condensation in the absense of organic contamination in a flow sitution simulating that found in seawater conversion plants. A sensitive test for the presence of organic contamination has been developed. The gold tube, promoted by paraffinic thio-silane or mercaptan, gave 100% excellent dropwise condensation. Overall heat transfer coefficients are reported for filmwise and dropwise condensation. The steamside heat transfer coefficient with dropwise condensation was estimated to be over 0.2 MW/m2-°C (35,000 B.t.u./hr-ft2-°F) at the 95% confidence level.Gold plated tubesSupplied by P. Tomalin and S. Mulford of the Office of Saline Water, USDI. gave 95% filmwise condensation after one week of operation in a clean, once-through system.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690190117
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dropwise condensation (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 391-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210224
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