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  • 1
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    Azimuthal Ocean Wave Emerged in SAR Image Spectra Under Specific Condition (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-18
    Description: Velocity bunching causes nonlinear modulations in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of oceanic scenes. SAR images for the azimuth waves exhibit destructive wavy patterns because of azimuthal distortion caused by velocity bunching. Meanwhile, velocity bunching creates constructive wavy patterns for long waves in certain cases. This paper aims to provide a simple indication for practical interpretation of plausible wavy patterns. A numerical simulation had been performed to address how velocity bunching forms a clear wave-like pattern caused by orbital motions of a long single swell under a certain condition. More specifically, when the azimuth shifts caused by the orbital motions of the azimuth wave concentrate in the wave trough or crest, the bunching causes a strong single peak in the SAR images. This paper explains the mechanism of displaying plausible wavy patterns from the viewpoint of the ocean wave spectra and this specific condition. First, the simulation was validated for irregular waves generated from ocean wave spectra matching actual buoy data from which SAR images were simultaneously obtained. The SAR image spectra showed longer waves than those of the ocean wave spectra estimated via buoy data. The simulated spectra exhibited a similar trend to the actual SAR image, thus validating the numerical simulation. Next, an additional numerical simulation was conducted for irregular waves under the specific condition. The simulated results suggest that if a significant wave height and wavelength match the specific condition, the long waves in SAR image spectra can be similar to the original ocean wave spectra.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 2
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    Differentiation of a Hydrous Arc Magma Recorded in Melt Inclusions in Deep Crustal Cumulate Xenoliths From Ichinomegata Maar, NE Japan (2018)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-27
    Description: The Ichinomegata maar, located in the back-arc side of the northeastern Japan arc, erupted calc-alkaline andesitic magma with abundant deep-crustal and mantle xenoliths at about 60–80 ka. We investigated the relationship between fractionated solids and differentiated silicic melts at middle to lower crust conditions through petrologic analyses of hornblende-bearing cumulate xenoliths and melt inclusions. The Sr and Nd isotope compositions are similar to those of the host magmas, suggesting their cognate origin. The crystallization sequence is determined to be olivine, spinel clinopyroxene hornblende, magnetite plagioclase apatite, based on the observation of texture and solid solution compositions. Of the 5 types of xenolith studied, the leuco-hornblende gabbro preserved interstitial glass and melt inclusions with a silica content (SiO 2 ) of 63.9–74.0 wt% and high water content (up to 8.1 wt%). Hornblende geobarometry indicates an equilibrium pressure of 0.39–0.64 GPa, which corresponds to a depth of 15–24 km. The delay of plagioclase crystallization due to high water content characterizes differentiation of the hydrous arc magma. We successfully constructed an internally consistent differentiation model of the corundum-normative calc-alkaline trend to the silicic melt inclusions, starting from primitive basalt via successive fractionation of a calculated wherlite and cumulate xenoliths. In middle to late stage differentiation, hornblende gabbros are the dominantly fractionated assemblages. Our results are consistent with published differentiation experiments of hydrous arc magmas and the lithology of the deep crust beneath the back arc of the NE Japan arc as estimated from seismic tomography.
    Electronic ISSN: 1525-2027
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunostimulation of antibody-producing cells and humoral antibody to fish bacterins by a biological response modifier (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 31 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Numbers of splenic antibody-producing cells and humoral antibody titres were elevated during immunization regimes in rainbow trout when the bacterins Yersinia ruckeri or Aeromonas salmonicida O-antigen preparations were mixed with the immunostimulator FK-565. Fish sampled 14 days after injection showed a marked increase in the immune response when doses of 5, 10 or 100 μg of antigen were used. The immunostimulator may aid initial antigen uptake and processing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1987.tb05298.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soft and Ca-retaining Gelatin Prepared by Conjugating with Acidic Saccharides (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 69 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Gelatin samples conjugated with acidic saccharides such as glucuronic acid, alginic acid oligosac-charide, and low-molecular-weight alginic acid were prepared to improve the functional properties of ossein gelatin by the Maillard reaction. The conjugation resulted in a decreased isoelectric point, retardate gelation time, low storage modulus, and low melting temperature and enthalpy of gelatin gel; in particular, low-molecular-weight alginic acid resulted in a large improvement. The alginic acid oligosaccharide-conjugated gelatins and low-molecular-weight alginic acid-conjugated gelatins had calcium-retaining ability, and the latter exhibited calcium-aggregating ability. It is thus considered that conjugation with low-molecular-weight alginic acid could be effective for providing a new type of gelatin with a soft texture and calcium-retaining and calcium-aggregating ability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb10986.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biological and serological comparisons of eel herpesvirus in Formosa (EHVF) and Herpesvirus anguillae (HVA) (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of applied ichthyology 12 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0426
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A comparative study between EHVF (eel herpesvirus in Formosa) and HVA (Herpesvirus anguillae) was performed. Similar syncytia were produced by each virus in cell lines infected with the viruses and similar viral yields were obtained. Significant cross-reactivity was observed in neutralization tests between HVA and EHVF but HVA and EFVF were distinctly different from channel catfish virus (CCV). An electrophoretic analysis of the structural proteins of EHVF and HVA produced similar electrophoretic patterns. Western blotting analysis of the viral proteins, using antiserum against EHVF, supported the results obtained in the cross-neutralization test. In conclusion, the isolates of HVA and EHVF are tightly clustered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.1996.tb00059.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement of resistance to vibriosis in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), by oral administration of Clostridium butyricum bacterin (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 18 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1995.tb00276.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Augmentation of non-specific protection in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell), by the long-term oral administration of immunostimulants (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 18 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1995.tb00278.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of protective mechanisms in cultured ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis Temminck and Schlegel, administered Vibrio vaccine by the immersion method (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 14 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The protective effect of Vibrio angnillarum immunization administered by the direct immersion technique in ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis Temminck and Schlegel, was investigated. The activities of phagoeytic cells were suppressed at the time of vaccination by previous bath exposures to a cyclophosphamide solution containing a concentration of 500 mg/kg/ml on days 2 and 3 before vaccination. An artificial challenge was carried out 3 weeks after vaccination by bath exposure. The survival rate of the vaccine group pretreated with cyclophosphamide was 96%. In the group given traditional vaccine only, 73% survived; and in the non-vaccine control group, 10% survived. These results suggest that protective immunity of ayu vaccinated by the direct immersion technique may not implicate the early activities of phagoeytic cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1991.tb00835.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of CD86 (B7–2) in triggering of antigen-specific IgE antibody response by lipopolysaccharide (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The role of CD86 in triggering of ascaris extract-specific IgE antibody response by lipopolysaccharide was studied. The simultaneous administration of anti-CD86 antibody with ascaris extract and lipopolysaccharide prevented the production of IgE antibody response to ascaris extract. CD86+ cells were detected in peritoneal cavities and spleens of mice injected intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharide. CD86+ cells appeared in peritoneal cavities and spleens eight hours after lipopolysaccharide injection, and they were detectable for a week. CD86+ cells in peritoneal cavities and spleens were mainly surface Ig-positive B-cells and some Ig-negative cells. It was suggested that lipopolysaccharide induced the expression of CD86 mainly on B-cells, and that CD86+ cells induced by lipopolysaccharide injection might play an important role as antigen-presenting cells on triggering of ascaris extract-specific IgE antibody response by lipopolysaccharide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-695X.1998.tb01178.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered expression of constitutive type and inducible type heat shock proteins in response of d-galactosamine-sensitized mice to lipopolysaccharide as an experimental endotoxic shock model (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) as stress-induced proteins was studied in mice injected with d-galactosamine (D-GalN) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as an experimental endotoxic shock model. The expression of constitutive type heat shock protein 70 (HSC70) was significantly reduced in livers of mice injected with d-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide, while its expression was unaffected in livers of mice injected with d-galactosamine or lipopolysaccharide alone. The expression of other constitutive type heat shock proteins, namely HSP60, HSP32 and HSP25 was also reduced in mice injected with d-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide. On the other hand, inducible type HSP70 was detected in livers from mice injected with d-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide, but not in livers from mice injected with d-galactosamine or lipopolysaccharide alone. Simultaneous injection of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α antibody prevented the liver from reduced expression of constitutive type HSC70, and lead to marked expression of inducible type HSP70 in the liver. Reduced expression of constitutive type HSC70 was also found when d-galactosamine and recombinant TNF-α was injected. Therefore, TNF-α was suggested to play a critical role on altered expression of constitutive HSC70 and inducible type HSP70 in response of d-galactosamine-sensitized mice to lipopolysaccharide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-695X.1998.tb01147.x
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