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  • Articles  (38)
  • Taylor & Francis  (22)
  • Springer  (15)
  • American Society of Civil Engineers  (1)
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  • Articles  (38)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the radiation balance of a rooftop lawn with that of a conventional rooftop surface (1983)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 33 (1983), S. 77-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Auf einem Gebäude der Universität Georgia wurden vom 7. Juli 1981 bis 5. Februar 1982 Messungen der Komponenten der Strahlungsbilanz auf einem mit Rasen bewachsenen Flachdach und auf einem Dach mit einer Teer- und Kiesoberfläche durchgeführt. Es wurden die Unterschiede der Strahlungsbilanz, der reflektierten Sonnenstrahlung und der Ausstrahlung zwischen den beiden Oberflächen für als Winter, regnerischer Sommer, trockener Sommer mit Beregnung und Übergangszeit definierte Perioden bestimmt. Die Analyse der Beobachtungswerte hat ergeben, daß die Albedo der Rasendecke um 6% größer war als die der Teer- und Kiesoberfläche und daß die Emmission der Rasendecke ebenfalls um 0,02 bis 0,03 höher war. Die Analyse der Strahlungsbilanz hat ergeben, daß die Teer- und Kiesoberfläche um durchschnittlich 5 bis 6 °C wärmer wird als das rasenbedeckte Dach. Das Überwiegen der Evapotranspiration in der Energiebilanz des Rasens speziell im trockenen Sommer mit Beregnung wurde experimentell bestätigt.
    Notes: Summary Measurements of the radiation balance components for a rooftop lawn and a conventional tar and gravel rooftop surface were made for a building on the University of Georgia campus during the period July 7, 1981 to February 5, 1982. Differences in net radiation, reflected solar radiation and outgoing longwave radiation between the two surfaces were determined for different periods defined as winter, summer rainy, summer dry/irrigated and transition seasons. Data analysis indicated that the lawn's albedo was 6% higher than that for the tar and gravel surface and that the emissivity of the lawn was also 0.02 to 0.03 higher. During the summer dry/irrigated periods, the radiation balance analysis indicated that the conventional tar and gravel surface must have averaged 5 °C to 6 °C warmer than the rooftop lawn. The dominance of evapotranspiration in the lawn energy balance especially during the summer dry/irrigated season was confirmed experimentally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02273991
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimates for the effective electrical conductivity of the core in the interior of Jupiter and Saturn (1996)
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 73 (1996), S. 221-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Keywords: Planet ; Jupiter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In the deep interior of the giant planets Jupiter and Saturn, ordinary hydrogen and helium are transformed into a conducting metallic liquid at extremely high pressure. It is likely that the giant planets' observed magnetic field is constantly generated in the metallic fluid core by magnetohydrodynamic processes, converting mechanic energy in the form of convection into magnetic energy. The maximum strength of their magnetic fields is likely to be limited by magnetic field instabilities which convert the magnetic energy back into convection. The parameter which governs the occurrence of magnetic instabilities is the Elsasser number, λ = B 2Σ/2Ωϱ, where B is the field strength, Σ is the electrical conductivity, Ω is the rotation rate and ϱ is the density. Since magnetic instability will be very active when λ exceeds a critical value λ c ∼ 10 (the precise value depending on the magnetic field distribution), this imposes an upper bound on the effective electrical conductivity of the metallic fluid which comprises the bulk of Jupiter's interior and much of Saturn's. Stability calculations including both toroidal (model) and poloidal (observed) components of the magnetic field in a rapidly rotating spherical shell, have been performed. The most stable configuration of the field is when the poloidal component of field is strong and the toroidal field is weak; in this case we obtain an upper bound for electrical conductivity of Σ ∼ 3 × 106 S/m; while the most unstable configuration of the field is when the toroidal and poloidal fields are comparable, giving rise to Σ m ∼ 3 × 105 S/m. The implications of the results for general dynamo theory are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00115882
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linkage mapping of starch branching enzyme III in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and prediction of location of orthologous genes in other grasses (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 564-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Rice ; Molecular mapping ; Grain quality ; Starch branching enzyme (SBE) ; Amylose extender (ae)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The chromosomal position of Starch Branching Enzyme III (SBEIII) was determined via linkage to RFLP markers on an existing molecular map of rice (Oryza sativa L.). A cDNA of 890 bp was generated using specific PCR primers designed from available SBEIII sequence data and used as a probe in Southern analysis. The SBEIII cDNA hybridized to multiple restriction fragments, but these fragments mapped to a single locus on rice chromosome 2, flanked by CDO718 and RG157. The detection of a multiple-copy hybridization pattern suggested the possibility of a tandemly duplicated gene at this locus. The map location of orthologous SBE genes in maize, wheat, and oat were predicted based on previously published genetic studies and comparative maps of the grass family.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050452
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microsatellites and a single-nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparentamylose classes in an extended pedigree of US rice germ plasm (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 773-781 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Apparent amylose ; Microsatellite ; Waxy ; Rice ; RNA splicing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The Waxy gene (Wx) encodes the granule-bound starch synthase responsible for the synthesis of amylose in rice (Oryza sativa). Recently, a polymorphic microsatellite sequence closely linked to the Wx gene was reported. To determine whether polymorphism in this sequence correlates with variation in apparent amylose content, we tested an extended pedigree of 92 current and historically important long-, medium- and short-grain US rice cultivars representing the efforts of many breeders over more than 80 years. Seven Wx microsatellite alleles were identified which together explained 82.9% of the variation in apparent amylose content of the 89 non-glutinous rice cultivars tested. Similar results were also obtained with 101 progenyof a cross between low- and intermediate-amylose breeding lines. An additional, unique microsatelliteallele, (CT)16, was detected in one glutinous cultivar,CI 5309. However, the other glutinous cultivars,Calmochi 101 and Tatsumi mochi, were in the (CT)17 class along with three other cultivars that contained15–16.5% amylose. We sequenced a 200-bp PCR-amplified fragment containing the CT microsatellite and the putative 5′ splice site of the Wx leader intron from a subset of 42 cultivars representing all eight microsatellite alleles. All of the cultivars with 18% or less amylose had the sequence AGTTATA at the putative leader intron 5′ splice site, while all cultivars with a higher proportionof amylose had AGTTATA. This single nucleotidesubstitution could also be assayed by AccI digestion of the amplified fragment. Overall, this single nucleotide polymorphism could explain 79.7% of the variation in the apparent amylose content of the 89 non-glutinous cultivars tested. Interestingly, cultivars in the (CT)19 microsatellite classes that differed substantially in amylose content still showed the correlation between this G-T polymorphism and apparent amylose content. The G-T polymorphism at this site was not, however, able to explain the very low amylose contents of the three glutinous cultivars tested, all of which had the sequence AGTTATA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050477
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Core-mantle interactions (1990)
    Springer
    Surveys in geophysics 11 (1990), S. 329-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0956
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Several aspects of core-mantle interactions were considered during a Royal Astronomical Society Discussion Meeting on 12th May 1989, including modelling the geomagnetic field at the core surface, the morphology of the field between 1600 and 1820 AD, dynamo theory, Taylor's constraint, fluid motions at the top of the core that reproduce the observed secular variation, pressure coupling between the core and mantle and its geophysical consequences, topographic core-mantle coupling, angular momentum transfer at the core-mantle interface, the detection and implications of core oscillations, particularly those with associated fluctuations in the Earth's rotation rate, and the seismological determination of the core-mantle boundary topography from lateral inhomogeneities in the mantle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01902965
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A microsatellite sequence closely linked to the Waxy gene of Oryza sativa (1995)
    Springer
    Euphytica 86 (1995), S. 83-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: gene-mapping ; microsatellite ; Oryza sativa ; rice ; waxy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A polymorphic microsatellite locus has been located closely linked to the Waxy gene of rice. Primers were designed to allow detection of the microsatellite by utilising the polymerase chain reaction. In screen of 13 commercial rice varieties, four different alleles were found, demonstrating the potential of this marker in commercial rice breeding for starch quality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022012
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An investigation of catalytic activity in mixed metal oxide nanophase materials (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 26 (1993), S. 46-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 82.65.Jv ; 81.20.Lb
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We present preliminary evidence for catalytic activity by unsupported mixed metal oxide nanocrystalline materials. The results of this study show that a nanophase form of Li-MgO has begun to exhibit catalytic activity by 300 °C. This is at least 200 degrees below the temperature at which conventional Li-MgO catalysts exhibit comparable activity. Furthermore, at higher temperatures, the same nanophase composition shows enhanced activities and somewhat improved hydrocarbon selectivities over conventional Li-MgO catalysts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01429104
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Dynamical Effects of Hyperviscosity on Numerical Geodynamo Models (1998)
    Springer
    Studia geophysica et geodaetica 42 (1998), S. 247-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1626
    Keywords: convection ; hyperviscosity ; dynamos
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The most fundamental difficulty in the construction of an Earth-like dynamo model is associated with the constraint caused by the rapid rotation of the Earth. To stabilise numerical codes, many workers have introduced hyperviscosity into the governing equations. One of the major effects introduced by hyperviscosity is to offset the rotational constraint, and, consequently, to alter the key dynamics of an Earth-like dynamo. In this paper, an Earth-like convection model with or without the presence of an imposed magnetic field is investigated with or without the effect of hyperviscosity. A nonlinear dynamo model with the mean field approximation is also used to examine the dynamical effect of hyperviscosity. The results suggest that great care should be taken when hyperviscosity is employed in geodynamo models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023336216088
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  • 9
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    Estimates for the effective electrical conductivity of the core in the interior of Jupiter and Saturn (1996)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0167-9295
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-0794
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    An investigation of catalytic activity in mixed metal oxide nanophase materials (1993)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0178-7683
    Electronic ISSN: 1431-5866
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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