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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fade margins for soft and hard handoffs (1996)
    Springer
    Wireless networks 2 (1996), S. 277-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8196
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract A particularly attractive feature of CDMA wireless systems proposed in the Telecommunication Industry Association's standard IS-95 [1] is their ability to get into what is known as “soft handoff”. A mobile in soft handoff maintains simultaneous radio links with multiple base-stations which enables it to make use of the best quality leg most of the time. This is believed to result in a reduction of the fade margin that is needed to provide the desired coverage in a given geographical area in the presence of log-normal shadow fading. This paper presents an analysis of fade margins for systems allowing soft handoffs (e.g. CDMA) and those where only hard handoffs are possible (e.g. FDMA, TDMA). The analysis is based on a model for hard handoffs with hysteresis and connection delay and confirms the belief that soft handoffs result in smaller fade margins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01262047
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of two acetanilide herbicides in a tropical soil (1993)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 50 (1993), S. 24-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196536
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novels patterns of hydration and new compounds in the ternary system of CaO-Al2O3-P2O5 (1998)
    Springer
    Materials research innovations 2 (1998), S. 110-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-075X
    Keywords: Key words Hydration and solidification ; Ternary system of CaO-Al2O3-P2O5 ; New crystal phase L ; New crystal phase H
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  The patterns of hydrating and solidifying with the compositional variation of phosphorus-rich, phosphorus-calcium-rich and aluminum-calcium rich regions in ternary system CaO-Al2O3-P2O5 has been studied in detail, and two new ternary compounds L and H have been synthesized here. The results indicate that the region of 48–56% P2O5 doesn’t present cementitiousness, which contains mainly crystal phases of β-C2P(2CaO·P2O5), α-C3P(3CaO·P2O5) and AlPO4; the phosphorus-calcium-rich region of 21–35% P2O5 exhibits substantial cementitiousness, which contains mainly crystal phase of α-C3P and certain amount of CA(CaO·Al2O3) and new phases L/H; and the aluminum-calcium-rich region of 8–18% P2O5 is full of promise for cementitiousness. It contains mainly new crystal phase L and certain amount of α-C3P and CA. The hydration and solidification mechanisms have been preliminarily analyzed by means of XRD, XPS and DTA. It appears that crystal phase CA might hydrate directly to the stable phase of C3A·6H2O in the phosphorus-rich case of 21–35% P2O5; new phase H has the behavior of rapid setting; and L, being a dominant phase, can prevent cement pastes from significant strength loss in long curing cycles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100190050071
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A mechanism for the formation of plasmoids and kink waves in the heliospheric current sheet (1988)
    Springer
    Solar physics 117 (1988), S. 157-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Satellite observations of the heliospheric current sheet indicate that the plasma flow velocity is low at the center of the current sheet and high on the two sides of current sheet. In this paper, we investigate the growth rates and eigenmodes of the sausage, kind, and tearing instabilities in the heliospheric current sheet with the observed sheared flow. These instabilities may lead to the formation of the plasmoids and kink waves in the solar wind. The results show that both the sausage and kink modes can be excited in the heliospheric current sheet with a growth time ∼ 0.05–5 day. Therefore, these modes can grow during the transit of the solar wind from the Sun to the Earth. The sausage mode grows faster than the kink mode for β ∞ 〈 1.5, while the streaming kink instability has a higher growth rate for β ∞ 〉 1.5. Here β ∞ is the ratio between the plasma and magnetic pressures away from the current layer. If a finite resistivity is considered, the streaming sausage mode evolves into the streaming tearing mode with the formation of magnetic islands. We suggest that some of the magnetic clouds and plasmoids observed in the solar wind may be associated with the streaming sausage instability. Furthermore, it is found that a large-scale kink wave may develop in the region with a radial distance greater than 0.5–1.5 AU.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00148579
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Depth profiling of iron impurities on GaAs surfaces using total reflection X-ray fluorescence (1996)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 354 (1996), S. 193-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract.  Depth profiling of iron impurities on GaAs surfaces is performed by means of total reflection X-ray fluorescence. A numerical processing procedure presented previously is used for the evaluation of the experimental data. A detection limit of 1011 atoms Fe/cm2 on GaAs surfaces has been achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00012719
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Martingale transforms with non-atomic limits and stochastic approximation (1993)
    Springer
    Probability theory and related fields 95 (1993), S. 103-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2064
    Keywords: 60 G 42 ; 62 L 20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary A sufficient condition for the limit of a martingale transform to posses a continuous distribution is given. The result is used to show that for a stochastic approximation procedure, if the adjustment rate is too small then it would not converge to the target value a.s. Furthermore, if the adjustment rate is taken to be 1/n as usual but the derivative of the regression function at the target value is 0, then the convergence rate is shown to be logn instead of $$\sqrt n$$ , the rate obtained when the derivative is non-zero.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01197340
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Orthonormal Banach systems with applications to linear processes (1985)
    Springer
    Probability theory and related fields 70 (1985), S. 381-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2064
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00534870
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The properties low-temperature fixed piezoelectric ceramics (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 21 (1986), S. 571-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Chemicals having relatively Iow melting points have been used to reduce the required sintering temperature of MnO2-doped Pb0.9875((Zr0.52Ti0.48)0.975Nb0.025. Among these compounds Li2CO3, Na2CO3, B2O3, Bi2O3 and V2O5 are suitable additives for this purpose. The substitution and interstitial properties of the doped ions are discussed in connection with their influences on piezoelectricity and dielectric properties. HighQ m materials and materials with temperature-stability ofQ m could be obtained by Li+ and B3+ or Bi3+ doping. Compensation pair effects are proposed to explain the results. Materials exhibiting aQ m of about 500 with a deviation of less than 10% at temperatures up to 300° C have been prepared for filter use. The sintering temperature is as low as 1070° C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01145525
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iterated logarithm laws with random subsequences (1981)
    Springer
    Probability theory and related fields 57 (1981), S. 235-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2064
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00535492
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of damping and elastic properties of composites and composite structures by the resonance technique (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 35 (2000), S. 3785-3792 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes the resonance technique for determining the stiffness and damping properties of a composite or composite structure. Pultruded GRP composites and optical fibre cables (multi-component structures) were investigated. The resonance frequencies (natural frequencies) of a material, or a system, are a function of its elastic properties, dimensions and mass. This concept is used to determine the stiffness of a vibrated material by the resonance technique, which applies only very low stresses through the application of acoustic energy. This makes it applicable to measure the stiffness of multi-element cables. The damping properties, in terms of Q −1 (internal friction) were determined by both a free exponential decay curve and half-peak bandwidth methods. The influence of specimen length and measurement set-up was investigated. The applicability and accuracy of the resonance technique for a composite structure were discussed. The measured elasticity of optical cables was found to be in good agreement with the derived theoretical value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004817011240
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