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  • Chemistry  (4)
  • Engineering  (3)
  • Gas chromatography  (2)
  • Oryza sativa  (2)
  • 41.20. — q  (1)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (7)
  • Springer  (5)
  • American Physical Society (APS)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoacoustic investigation of resonance absorption on corrugated surfaces (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 62 (1996), S. 263-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.20. — e ; 41.20. — q
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The PhotoAcoustic (PA) method has been used to study the optical resonance absorptions on corrugated surfaces. The resonance absorptions due to the excitations of surface plasmons and guide-waves of corrugated surfaces have been measured experimentally, and the effects of the groove depth and period of the corrugated surface on the absorption curve have been observed. Moreover, the differential method based on the rigorous use of electromagnetic theory is used to calculate the parameters of the grooves and the optical absorptivities of the samples. The theoretical results on the resonance absorption peaks are in good agreement with those of the PA experiments. Then, the parameters of the grooves can be estimated by the PA investigations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01575092
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel environment-induced genic male sterile (EGMS) mutant in indica rice (1994)
    Springer
    Euphytica 76 (1994), S. 89-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Indica rice ; Oryza sativa ; radiation mutagenesis ; thermo-sensitive male sterility ; pollen ; vigour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Male-sterile mutants were isolated from M2 and M3 generations of indica rice variety 26 Zhaizao, dry seeds of which had been exposed to 60Co-γ rays at a dose of 290 Gy. The mutants were planted in early season and ratooned in late season for two successive years for identification of fertility conversion in different growing seasons. One of the mutant lines was further observed in a growth chamber and in the field. Results showed that daily average temperature might be the major factor conditioning the male fertility conversion at a moderate daylength. The critical temperature for the male fertility conversion of the mutant grown under 12.5 h and 14.0 h daylength is about 23°C, below which the plant becomes completely male sterile. Its male fertility conversion character differs from other EGMS lines so far developed. The performance of the hybrids between the mutant and some other indica varieties demonstrated its good combining ability and its potential value in hybrid rice production. The obtained mutant line still sheds KI-stainable pollen grains under male sterilizing conditions. Nevertheless, pollen grains shed from the male sterile plants were much more vulnerable than from normal plants. At sucrose concentration below 1.5 M, the pollen grains from the mutant grown under male sterilizing conditions almost completely broke down, while above 1.5 M they became plasmolysed and shrunken. This is indicative of poor development of the membrane and walls of the pollen grains from the male sterile mutant, causing the pollen grains to be unfunctional. NBT test also clarified the abortion of the pollen grains from the mutant, which were formed in the male sterilizing environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024024
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and genetic characterization of a fertility-restoring revertant induced from cytoplasmic male sterile rice (1996)
    Springer
    Euphytica 90 (1996), S. 17-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) ; fertility-restoring reversion ; radiation mutation ; genetic analysis, rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A male fertile revertant was isolated from M1 of a cytoplasmic male sterile indica rice line II-32A, the dry seeds of which were treated with 60Co-γ rays at a dose of 290 Gy. The acquired revertant T24 was morphologically and agronomically similar to II-32B, the maintainer of II-32A. Testcrosses of the revertant with II-32A and Zhenshan 97A showed that the revertant was able to restore the fertility of CMS lines. Genetic analysis of the progenies between T24 and II-32A, Zhenshan 97A XieqingzaoA and DZhenshan 97A, which have different cytoplasms, showed that the fertility restoration of four CMS lines by T24 involved one nuclear gene, indicating that T24 was a result of the mutation of one nuclear gene. The mechanism of the restoration of CMS line by T24 was obviously different from other restorers such as Minghui 63 and 20964, which were shown to behave in two gene mode in fertility restoration. The discovery of the revertant T24 contributes to the understanding of CMS and fertility restoration of CMS in rice. The T24 and its parent II-32A may constitute a pair of near isogenic lines for the restoring gene, which should be valuable materials for molecular genetic analysis of CMS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00025155
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peak capacity in packed capillary column solvating gas chromatography (1999)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 49 (1999), S. 333-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Supercritical fluid chromatography ; Gas chromatography ; Solvating gas chromatography ; Peak capacity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary In this paper, a general peak capacity expression was evaluated using columns containing various packing materials under solvating gas chromatography (SGC) conditions. Differing from column efficiency, peak capacity can describe both separation capability and speed when introducing the dead time into the peak capacity expression. Various factors that influence peak capacity in SGC are described, including particle pore size, chemical surface modification, particle size, column length, temperature, and pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02467566
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polybutadiene-coated zirconia packing materials in solvating gas chromatography using carbon dioxide as mobile phase (1999)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 49 (1999), S. 431-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Supercritical fluid chromatography ; Solvating gas chromatography ; Polybutadiene coated zirconia ; CO2 mobile phase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary In this paper, practical considerations of column efficiency, separation speed, thermal stability, and column polarity of capillary columns packed with polybutadiene-coated zirconia were investigated under solvating gas chromatography (SGC) conditions using carbon dioxide as mobile phase. When compared with results obtained from conventional porous octadecyl obtained from conventional porous octadecyl bonded silica (ODS) particles, PBD-zirconia particles produced greater change in mobile phase linear velocity with pressure than conventional ODS particles under the same conditions. The maximum plate number per second (Nt) obtained with a 30 cm PBD-zirconia column was approximately 1.5 times higher than that obtained with an ODS column at 100 °C. Therefore, the PBD-zirconia phase is more suitable for fast separations than conventional ODS particles in SGC. Maximum plate numbers per meter of 76,900 and 63,300 were obtained using a 57 cm×250 μm i.d. fused silica capillary column packed with 3 μm PBD-zirconia at 50 °C and 100 °C, respectively. The PBD-zirconia phase was stable at temperatures up to 320 °C under SGC conditions using carbon dioxide as mobile phase. Polarizable aromatic compounds and low molecular weight ketones and aldehydes were eluted with symmetrical peaks from a 10 cm column packed with 3 μm PBD-zirconia. Zirconia phases with greater inertness are required for the analysis of more polar compounds by SGC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02467619
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface studies of polyimide thin films via surface-enhanced Raman scattering and second harmonic generation (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Rapid Communications 19 (1998), S. 619-623 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1336
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Two polyimides having the same backbone chemical structure and different pendant side groups at the 2- and 2′-positions of the diamine, the six methylene units capped with 4-cyanobiphenyl end groups and trifluoromethyl, were synthesized (6FDA-6CBO and 6FDA-PFMB). Surface-enhanced Raman scattering and surface optical second harmonic generation measurements show that after rubbing the major change in 6FDA-PFMB surface appears in the orientation of the dianhydride, which was originally planar, but becomes tilted with respect to the surface plane. In the case of 6FDA-6CBO, rubbing also causes the originally planar 4-cyanobiphenyls to tilt away from the surface and assume an azimuthally anisotropic distribution.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of surface composition, structure and oxygen adsorption of Ni3Al(110) by Li+ and He+ ion scattering (1992)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 18 (1992), S. 729-739 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The surface composition, structure and initial stages of oxygen adsorption of Ni3Al(110) have been investigated by ISS. The surface composition of the Ni3Al(110) surface was determined by Li+ and He+ ion scattering using selected scattering geometries. These results consistently show a surface composition of 50% Ni-50% Al in the outermost layer with some small percentage of Ni enhancement (perhaps 1-2%), while the second layer is basically Ni. The surface structure has been probed by measuring the intensity of Li+ ion scattering as a function of incident angle along the [001], [112], [111], [332] and [110] azimuthal directions. The interpretation of experimental data is based on the calibrated shadow cone and chain model simulations. The results show that there is no displacement of first-layer Al relative to first-layer Ni, but there is a contraction in the first-to-second layer spacing of 0.11 ± 0.08 Å. The adsorption of oxygen at low exposure (∼8L) and pressures in the range 2 × 10-8-1 × 10-6 mbar at a temperature of 700°C shows the disappearance of the Ni ISS signal, and the results suggest the formation of a monolayer of an AlOx overlayer. Using a model similar to that previously studied for the formation of AlOx islands on the Ni3Al(001) surface, this oxide overlayer has been shown to be AlOx islands with no influence on remaining areas on the crystal. The mechanism for apparent interchange of the Al atoms to the surface to replace the Ni atoms is also discussed.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740181007
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen adsorption on Ni3Al(001) by low-energy ion beams (1991)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 17 (1991), S. 903-910 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The interaction of O with the Ni3Al(001) surface has been studied using low-energy He+ scattering. Oxygen adsorption at an exposure of 10 L and a temperature of 700°C results in the total disappearance of the Ni ISS signal, indicating the formation of a monolayer AlOx overlayer. This oxide AlOx overlayer has been examined by measuring the azimuthal angle dependence of the scattered ion yield at fixed scattering angle under different coverages of oxygen. The azimuthal variations of the Ni and Al ISS signals from the O-covered surface are compared with those of Ni and Al from the clean surface, and the results used to derive a value for the fractional coverage of oxygen on the surface. The analysis supports the model that the oxide initially grows in the form of islands, with no influence on remaining areas of the crystal. No evidence of the ordering of the oxide islands was observed. Further evidence of the growth of the AlOx surface. The results indicate that the remaining (uncovered) Ni3Al surface retains the crystal structure of a clean surface. The rate of growth of the AlOx islands on the Ni/3Al(001) surface was also found to be related to temperature.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740171303
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parallel conjugate gradient performance for least-squares finite elements and transport problems (1998)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 28 (1998), S. 1421-1440 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: parallel ; conjugate gradient ; least squares ; FEM ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In this study we consider parallel conjugate gradient solution of sparse systems arising from the least-squares mixed finite element method. Of particular interest are transport problems involving convection. The least-squares approach leads to a symmetric positive system and the conjugate gradient scheme is directly applicable. The scheme is applied to both the convection-diffusion equation and to the stationary Navier-Stokes equations. Here we demonstrate parallel solution and performance studies for a representative MIMD parallel computer with hypercube architecture. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Convergence studies of least-squares finite elements for first-order systems (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Applied Numerical Methods 5 (1989), S. 427-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 0748-8025
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A least-squares finite element method for first-order systems describing two-point boundary-value problems is constructed. Comparison studies are made with the corresponding mixed Galerkin formulation for the same system. Numerical experiments on representative test problems reveal that the least-squares method has superior convergence behaviour to the mixed method. Some superconvergence properties of the least-squares method are identified.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1630050702
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