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  • American Physical Society (APS)  (578)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Heidelberg: Springer
Collection
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 16 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. A device for self-separating newly metamorphosed post-larvae prawns from larval culture tanks was designed based on the rheotactic activity exhibited by freshwater prawns after metamorphosis into post-larvae. The performance and effectiveness of the post-larvae selector were evaluated under (a) 24-h periods, (b) four water flows and (c) at two tank depths. A high migratory response (90% confidence level) during the dark period with a water flow range of approximately 11 pm was found. Thus the device has shown to be highly efficient in separating post-larvae in mixed population tanks. The avoidance of excessive handling stress, and the continuous automatic removal of post-larvae immediately following metamorphosis into juveniles are two of the most important advantages of this design as compared to other separation devices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of metamorphic geology 5 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Several small bodies of metabasite (maximum dimensions of 1000 m x 500 m) are included in the metamorphic rocks of the Nevado-Filabride Complex in the Betic Cordilleras (Almeria Region). The body of 400 m x 100 m, located 200 m due west of the Lubrin village, contains troctolitic gabbro with well-preserved igneous textures and mineral compositions, wholly amphibolitized gabbro, garnet-bearing metagabbro eclogite. Along with the textural and mineral changes, sensible and regular geochemical variations can be observed, where the content of MgO decreases from 24% to 11%, while that of CaO and Na2O increases from 7% to 11% and from 2% to 3%, respectively. In addition, the content of some minor elements such as Sr, Y, Nb, Zr and Sc increases while that of Ni and Cr decreases from troctolitic gabbro to the eclogite. The amphibolitized gabbro shows values scattered around those of the troctolitic gabbro. These geochemical variations are ascribed to inherited differences in the pre-metamorphic protolith, i.e. a fractionated gabbro which varies from olivine-rich to clinopyroxene-rich gabbro. Nevertheless, some metasomatism affected the Lubrin body without changing the main chemical trends, as documented by the significantly different 87Sr/86Sr ratios of each rock-type. This points to a metasomatism which involved the introduction of crustal radiogenic strontium. The petrographical and mineral chemical features are interpreted to be the result of syn-metamorphic fluid circulation possibly combined with deformation by shearing. The igneous texture and mineral chemistry have been retained wherever both fluid circulation and shearing were ineffective. On the contrary, where both events were effective, the formation of eclogite occurred. Later, the entire body underwent a retrogressive amphi-bolitic stage under greenschist facies conditions, which was probably responsible for the formation of the amphibolitized gabbro portion and for the retrogression of the eclogite.
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: RNase U2 is an endoribonuclease secreted by the fungus Ustilago sphaerogena. Its genomic DNA (rnu2), containing an intron of 116 bp, has been isolated and cloned. The corresponding cDNA has also been synthesized. The recombinant RNase U2 was successfully produced in Pichia pastoris, fused to the yeast alkaline phosphatase signal peptide. The recombinant RNase U2, purified by affinity chromatography, contains three extra amino acids at its amino-terminal end and retains the enzymatic and spectroscopic properties of the natural fungal protein.
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1574-6976
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract: During screening of basidiomycetes for wheat straw delignification, considerable lignin degradation with a limited attack to cellulose was attained with Pleurotus eryngii. Straw solid-state fermentation (SSF) was optimized, and the enzymatic mechanisms for lignin degradation were investigated. No lignin peroxidase was detected under liquid or SSF conditions, but high laccase and aryl-alcohol oxidase levels were found. The latter enzyme has been fully characterized in PI. eryngii and it seems to be involved in a cyclic redox system for H202 generation from aromatic compounds. Results obtained using homoveratric acid suggest that Pleurotus laccase could be involved in degradation of phenolic and non-phenolic lignin moieties. Histological and ultrastructural studies provided some general morphological characteristics of the fungal attack on wheat straw. Whereas a simultaneous degradation pattern was observed in straw treated with Phanerochaete chrysosporium, PI. eryngii caused partial degradation of middle lamella and separation of individual sclerenchymatic fibers. When these straw samples were subjected to refining tests, energy saving after biological treatment was the highest in the case of straw treated with PI. eryngii, which also produced the lowest substrate loss. From these results, a correlation between preferential removal of lignin, separation of sclerenchymatic fibers and pulping properties was provided during fungal treatment of wheat straw.
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A peroxidase oxidizing Mn2+ (MnP) is described for the first time in Bjerkandera adusta, a fungus efficiently degrading xenobiotic compounds. The MnP appeared as two isoenzymes, which were purified to homogeneity together with two lignin peroxidases (LiP). Their N-terminal sequences were identical, but the MnP isoenzymes showed more basic isoelectric points and differences in amino acid composition and catalytic properties. The B. adusta LiP is similar to LiP from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. However, the interest of the MnP described here is related to its ability to catalyze Mn2+-mediated as well as Mn2+-independent reactions on aromatic compounds, which may be of use for applications in biotechnology and environmental technology.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We report cloning and sequencing of gene ps1 encoding a versatile peroxidase combining catalytic properties of lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP) isolated from lignocellulose cultures of the white-rot fungus Pleurotus eryngii. The gene contains 15 putative introns, and the deduced amino acid sequence consists of a 339-residue mature protein with a 31-residue signal peptide. Several putative response elements were identified in the promoter region. Amino acid residues involved in oxidation of Mn2+ and aromatic substrates by direct electron transfer to heme and long-range electron transfer from superficial residues as predicted by analogy with Phanerochaete chrysosporium MnP and LiP, respectively. A dendrogram is presented illustrating sequence relationships between 29 fungal peroxidases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The diversity, growth and symbiotic behaviour of symbiotically efficient alfalfa-nodulating rhizobia isolated from acid soils of Argentina and Uruguay were analysed. Partial sequencing of the 16S rDNA indicated that these isolates belong to Sinorhizobium meliloti species. IS-fingerprinting analysis revealed a high diversity among the isolates but some of them appear related to inoculant strains currently used in the region. The S. meliloti isolates showed a decreased growth rate with increasing acidity. They were, however, able to nodulate alfalfa at pH 5.6, but showed a delayed nodulation and decreased nodule number typical of S. meliloti strains. The impaired nodulation of S. meliloti at pH 5.6 did not result in a reduction of alfalfa dry matter production or nitrogen content. However, significant differences were observed for the relative symbiotic effectiveness of the strains analysed. LPU63 (Argentina) was the most effective among the isolates and exhibited a high nodulation competitiveness at both neutral and acidic pH. These results suggest that the isolate LPU63 may be a potential efficient inoculant for alfalfa in acid soils.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 14 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Molecular methods allow an extremely fine strain typing that can be used to establish the population structure of bacterial species. This methodology has been used to characterize a collection of 74 uropathogenic Escherichia coli obtained from three hospitals located in geographically distant towns in Spain, some representatives of the ECOR collection and other reference strains. Genomic DNA was analyzed by RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) that can characterize a bacterial strain to the level of defining individual clones. The 16S rDNA-23S rDNA spacers were amplified by PCR and submitted to restriction analysis. Finally, the presence or absence of G adhesins in Escherichia coli as well as the type of adhesin (three types are known) have been shown by PCR amplification followed by digestion with restriction enzymes. As expected a wide diversity was shown by RAPD and identical patterns were only found in the case of strains isolated from the same individual, an obvious case of relapse. Analysis of the spacers' restriction patterns showed the presence of two markedly differentiated clusters that we have named α and ß. Both RAPD and spacer restriction patterns originated similar clusters of strains showing a consistency in the evolution of the global genome with the sequence variation of the ribosomal spacers. Furthermore, most of the strains having G-adhesin, with only a few exceptions, corresponded to the α rRNA spacer group. The two spacer types detected were also consistent with some phenotypic markers such as sucrose and raffinose utilization. The α and β clusters could be intraspecific groups produced by partial sexual isolation or other barriers that are originating a divergent evolution.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The regulation by phytochrome of stem elongation in light-grown plants depends on gibberellins (GAs). To investigate whether this is mediated by a change in GA metabolism, the effect of the GA biosynthesis inhibitor LAB 198 999 (an acylcyclohexadione derivative) on the end-of-day far-red (FR) response in cowpea (Vigna sinensis L.) epicotyl explants has been investigated. Growth of epicotyl explants of light-grown seedlings was enhanced when treated with far-red light before incubation in the dark (end-of-day FR effect). Low doses of LAB 198 999 (0.05 and 0.5 μg explant−1) reduced the effect of FR, whereas 5 to 50 μg explant−1 stimulated elongation of both red light (R)- and FR-treated epicotyl explants while nullifying the differences between R and FR treatments. In paclobutrazol-treated epicotyl explants, FR enhanced the response to applied GA1 and GA20, whereas LAB 198 999 increased the activity of GA1 and decreased that of GA20, [3H]Gibberellin A1, injected into the basal part of the epicotyl, was transported and metabolized mainly to [3H]GA8 in the apical 20 mm of the epicotyl. The conversion of [3H]GA1 to [3H]GA8 was dramatically reduced by both end-of-day FR treatments and LAB 198 999 applications. In addition, both treatments enhanced epicotyl elongation. It is proposed that the regulation of cowpea epicotyl growth by phytocrome is mediated, at least partially, by modifying GA1 degradation.
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2015-12-24
    Description: Author(s): R. Chacón, P. J. Martínez, and J. A. Martínez The dissipative chaotic dynamics of a particle subjected to a horizontally vibrating periodic potential is characterized theoretically and confirmed numerically in the case of an external chaos-controlling periodic excitation also acting on the particle. Theoretical predictions concerning the chaoti… [Phys. Rev. E 92, 062921] Published Wed Dec 23, 2015
    Keywords: Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos
    Print ISSN: 1539-3755
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-2376
    Topics: Physics
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