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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase transformation studies on a synthetic hedenbergite up to 26 GPa at 1200° C (1991)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 17 (1991), S. 540-544 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Phase transformations in a synthetic hedenbergite (CaFeSi2O6) have been observed with X-ray diffraction up to 26 GPa at ∼ 1200° C in a diamond anvil cell with a YAG laser heating system. Hedenbergite first decomposes into spinel, stishovite, and cubic perovskite phases at ∼ 16 GPa, and spinel further decomposes into wüstite and stishovite at ∼ 19 GPa. Between 19 GPa and 26 GPa, the phase assemblage is wüstite + stishovite+ perovskite. On decompression to 0.1 MPa, all the highpressure phases are retained except the cubic perovskite, which reverts to a retrogressive phase of CaSiO3. A comparison of the results of this study with those from a previous study on a natural hedenbergite suggests that the garnet phase formed from natural hedenbergite is stabilized by manganese.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00202232
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A class of finite element methods based on orthonormal, compactly supported wavelets (1995)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 16 (1995), S. 235-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper develops a class of finite elements for compactly supported, shift-invariant functions that satisfy a dyadic refinement equation. Commonly referred to as wavelets, these basis functions have been shown to be remarkably well-suited for integral operator compression, but somewhat more difficult to employ for the representation of arbitrary boundary conditions in the solution of partial differential equations. The current paper extends recent results for treating periodized partial differential equations on unbounded domains in R n, and enables the solution of Neumann and Dirichlet variational boundary value problems on a class of bounded domains. Tensor product, wavelet-based finite elements are constructed. The construction of the wavelet-based finite elements is achieved by employing the solution of an algebraic eigenvalue problem derived from the dyadic refinement equation characterizing the wavelet, from normalization conditions arising from moment equations satisfied by the wavelet, and from dyadic refinement relations satisfied by the elemental domain. The resulting finite elements can be viewed as generalizations of the connection coefficients employed in the wavelet expansion of periodic differential operators. While the construction carried out in this paper considers only the orthonormal wavelet system derived by Daubechies, the technique is equally applicable for the generation of tensor product elements derived from Coifman wavelets, or any other orthonormal compactly supported wavelet system with polynomial reproducing properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369868
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A class of finite element methods based on orthonormal, compactly supported wavelets (1995)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 16 (1995), S. 235-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  This paper develops a class of finite elements for compactly supported, shift-invariant functions that satisfy a dyadic refinement equation. Commonly referred to as wavelets, these basis functions have been shown to be remarkably well-suited for integral operator compression, but somewhat more difficult to employ for the representation of arbitrary boundary conditions in the solution of partial differential equations. The current paper extends recent results for treating periodized partial differential equations on unbounded domains in R n , and enables the solution of Neumann and Dirichlet variational boundary value problems on a class of bounded domains. Tensor product, wavelet-based finite elements are constructed. The construction of the wavelet-based finite elements is achieved by employing the solution of an algebraic eigenvalue problem derived from the dyadic refinement equation characterizing the wavelet, from normalization conditions arising from moment equations satisfied by the wavelet, and from dyadic refinement relations satisfied by the elemental domain. The resulting finite elements can be viewed as generalizations of the connection coefficients employed in the wavelet expansion of periodic differential operators. While the construction carried out in this paper considers only the orthonormal wavelet system derived by Daubechies, the technique is equally applicable for the generation of tensor product elements derived from Coifman wavelets, or any other orthonormal compactly supported wavelet system with polynomial reproducing properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369868
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Affine fractal interpolation functions and wavelet-based finite elements (1995)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 17 (1995), S. 169-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper derives a class of finite elements from wavelets generated using affine, fractal interpolation functions (AFIF). The finite elements derived from wavelets generated from an AFIF differ from recent elements derived by the authors in that multivalued scaling functions are employed. These elements are similar to conventional finite elements in that they are compactly supported, and are interpolatory at dyadic points which define the nodes. Specifically, two scaling functions and two wavelets that are Lipschitz continuous are employed. Each scaling function has support of length one or two, and is either symmetric or antisymmetric. These properties enables the incorporation of both Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions in a straightforward manner. For either class of boundary conditions, the multiresolution V k+1 ≡V k ⊕W k restricted to the compact interval of interest is fully orthogonal. This fact is advantageous in that it facilitates both the analysis of the convergence of the multigrid methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00364079
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Affine fractal interpolation functions and wavelet-based finite elements (1995)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 17 (1995), S. 169-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  This paper derives a class of finite elements from wavelets generated using affine, fractal interpolation functions (AFIF). The finite elements derived from wavelets generated from an AFIF differ from recent elements derived by the authors in that multivalued scaling functions are employed. These elements are similar to conventional finite elements in that they are compactly supported, and are interpolatory at dyadic points which define the nodes. Specifically, two scaling functions and two wavelets that are Lipschitz continuous are employed. Each scaling function has support of length one or two, and is either symmetric or antisymmetric. These properties enables the incorporation of both Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions in a straightforward manner. For either class of boundary conditions, the multiresolution restricted to the compact interval of interest is fully orthogonal. This fact is advantageous in that it facilitates both the analysis of the convergence of the multigrid methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00364079
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Device patterning of PZT/Pt/Ti/thin films on SiO2/Si3N4 membrane by a chemical wet etching approach (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 19 (2000), S. 2263-2265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006745428656
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Emissionsspektrometrische Präzisionsbestimmung der Hauptbestandteile von Cu/Zn-Legierungen mittels Glimmlampe und ICP (1983)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 316 (1983), S. 256-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Glimmlampe und induktiv gekoppeltes Plasma wurden für emissionsspektrometrische Präzisionsanalysen an Cu/Zn-Proben eingesetzt. Die Glimmlampe wurde für Festproben im Bereich von 500 bis 900 mg/g Cu verwendet, das ICP für gelöste Proben (0,2 g/l) im Bereich 100 bis 900 mg/g Zn bzw. Cu. In diesen Gehaltsbereichen wurden nach der „Methode der binären Verhältnisse“ Eichgeraden ermittelt. Die darauf basierenden Analysenergebnisse zeichnen sich durch hohe Präzision und Richtigkeit aus: die größte absolute Standardabweichung für beide Verfahren liegt bei 2 bis 3 mg/g. Die für die Röntgenfluorescenzanalyse erhaltenen Werte sind nur um einen Faktor 2 besser.
    Notes: Summary Glow discharge lamp and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy have been applied to precision analysis of Cu/Zn samples. The glow discharge lamp was used for solid samples in the range of 500 to 900 mg/g Cu, the ICP for dissolved samples (0.2 g/l) in the range of 100 to 900 mg/g Cu and Zn, respectively. In these ranges of mass content, linear calibration functions are achieved by the ‘method of binary ratios’. The related analysis results are of high precision and accuracy; the largest absolute standard deviation in the case of both methods is 2 to 3 mg/g. The results obtained by X-ray fluorescence analysis are only by a factor of 2 better.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00488197
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Establishment and characterization of an abrin-resistant cell line (1997)
    Springer
    Cell biology and toxicology 13 (1997), S. 75-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6822
    Keywords: abrin ; resistance ; resistant cell line
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An abrin-resistant cell line, CHOR 3-4, was isolated from CHOK1 cells which were resistant to a high concentration of abrin (160 ng/ml), and had a 1000-fold higher resistance to abrin that that of CHOK1 cells. CHOR 3-4 cells were about 25-fold more resistant than CHOK1 cells to the N-glycosidase activity of abrin, which was measured by hydrolyzing the N-glycosidic bond of adenine 4324 nucleotide from 3′ end of mammalian 28S rRNA. However, the isolated polysomes of CHOR 3-4 cells had the same sensitivity to abrin as those of CHOK1 cells. On measuring the binding of 125I-abrin to CHOR 3-4 cells, it was decreased to about 20% that of CHOK1 cells. This indicates that the mechanism of the resistance of CHOR 3-4 to abrin is due to the alteration of glycoproteins or glycolipids of cell membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:CBTO.0000010392.62109.2c
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effects of Cultural Practices on Methane Emission from Rice Fields (2000)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 58 (2000), S. 311-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: direct seeding ; transplanted seedling ; plowing time
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A field experiment was conducted in a clayey soil to determine the effects of cultural practices on methane (CH4) emissions from rice fields. The factors evaluated were a) direct seeding on dry vs wet soil, b) age of transplanted seedlings (8 d old and 30 d old), and c) fall vs spring plowing. Methane emissions were measured weekly throughout the rice-growing season using a closed static chamber technique. Transplanted 8-d-old seedlings showed the highest emission of 42.4 g CH4 m−2 season−1, followed by transplanted 30-d-seedlings (40.3 g CH4 m−2 season−1), and direct seeding on wet soil (37.1 g CH4 m−2 season−1). Direct seeding on dry soil registered the least emission of 26.9 g CH4 m−2 season−1. Thus transplanting 30-d-old seedlings, direct seeding on wet soil, and direct seeding on dry soil reduced CH4 emission by 5%, 13%, and 37%, respectively, when compared with transplanting 8-d-old seedlings. Methane emission under spring plowing was 42.0 g CH4 m−2 season−1 and that under fall plowing was 31.3 g CH4 m−2 seasons−1. The 26% lower emission in the field plowed in spring was caused by degradation of organic matter over the winter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009867208059
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and electrochemical properties of a polynorbornene derivative containing a carbazole moiety (1993)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 31 (1993), S. 339-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary A new polymer, poly {5-[[(6-N-carbazoylhexyl)oxy]methyl]-2-norbornene} [Poly (NCHN)], was synthesized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) with various transition metal catalyst systems. The structure of the poly (NCHN) was analyzed by NMR, IR, and UV-vis spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties of the poly (NCHN) were characterized by cyclic voltammetric technique. From the cyclic voltammetric results it was concluded that the carbazole units in side chain of the polymer were oxidized and coupled irreversibly to form dicarbazyls. The redox kinetics was mainly controlled by both electron transfer and ClO4 - diffusion processes preserving the electro-neutrality of the polymer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692961
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