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  • Drosophila melanogaster (Insecta)  (2)
  • Seed production  (2)
  • Springer  (4)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of parentage, prior fruit set and pollen load on fruit and seed production in Campanula americana L (1991)
    Springer
    Oecologia 87 (1991), S. 80-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Campanula americana ; Parental effects ; Fruit production ; Seed production ; Pollen loads
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We conducted a controlled crossing experiment to examine the effects of maternal and paternal parentage, the size of the pollen load, and prior fruit production on the proportion of flowers that set fruit, seed number per fruit and seed weight in a natural population of Campanula americana. Effects due to the maternal parent were large for all measures of fruit and seed production, while the paternal parent had a significant effect only upon mean seed weight. As the number of prior fruits on the maternal plant increased the probability that a flower would produce a mature fruit, the number of seeds per fruit, and total seed weight per fruit all decreased. We found no effect of the size of the pollen loads used in this study on fruit or seed production. These results are consistent with those of other studies that suggest in natural plant populations maternal effects, especially environmental maternal effects, can have an overwhelming effect on fruit and seed production and on seed characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00323783
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of genotype and temperature on pollen tube growth in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) (1989)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 2 (1989), S. 225-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Lolium perenne ; Pollen tube ; Genotype ; Temperature ; Self-incompatibility ; Seed production
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Low yield in seed crops of perennial ryegrass is related to low fertilization efficiency and low temperature during anthesis. To study the effect of genotype and temperature on pollen performance, we conducted greenhouse experiments at controlled temperatures. Individual florets of four genotypes that are known to differ in seed production were hand pollinated at four temperatures (14°, 18°, 22°, 26° C) both in vivo and via a semiin-vitro method involving excised florets on agar. Pollen germination and tube growth were determined with UV-fluorescence microscopy and scored in six classes at 2 h after pollination in vitro and after 0.5, 2 and 5 h in vivo. In vitro, both genotype and temperature had a significant effect on the performance of self-pollen. Pollen tube growth increased with temperature. In cross-pollinations, the pistil parent had a significant effect on pollen tube growth, and there was also a significant pistil-by-temperature interaction. In vivo, genotype and temperature significantly affected pollen performance. The genotype-by-temperature interaction was only significant 5 h after pollination. One genotype with low seed yield was pseudoself-compatible and was a relatively poor mother after cross-pollination. The effects of genotype and temperature on the growth of self-pollen might be exploited in a breeding programme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195583
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissociation of photoreceptors from whole heads of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 473-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Photoreceptors ; Ommatidia ; Tissue dissociation ; Enzymatic digestion ; Invertebrate phototransduction ; Electrophysiology ; Drosophila melanogaster (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Photoreceptor cells that were mostly free of extracellular material and suitable for most electrophysiological study procedures were dissociated from whole heads of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, by a simple “smash” technique employing gentle chopping by a razor blade through Parafilm sheets. A variety of commonly available proteolytic and glycolytic digestion enzymes were tested as additions to the basic dissociation procedure described. With the aid of Nomarski interference contrast optics, periodic acid-Schiff staining, and fluorescent labeling and microscopy methods, it was determined that proteolytic enzymatic digestion does little to enhance the dissociation procedure, and instead, often damages the cells that one is attempting to recover. Unexpectedly, certain glycolytic enzymes, when added to the basic procedure, appear to enhance the recovery of intact viable Drosophila photoreceptors that are stripped of most extracellular material. Based on these results, a hypothesis concerning the biochemical nature of the extracellular matrix of the Drosophila retina is proposed. Drosophila photoreceptors are an interesting model system for the study of invertebrate phototransduction and photoreceptor cell biology because of their many well-characterized mutant strains. The technique described here should produce clean viable photoreceptors or ommatidia that respond to light, and that are suitable for patch clamping or cell culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307821
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissociation of photoreceptors from whole heads of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 473-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Photoreceptors ; Ommatidia ; Tissue dissociation ; Enzymatic digestion ; Invertebrate phototransduction ; Electrophysiology ; Drosophila melanogaster (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Photoreceptor cells that were mostly free of extracellular material and suitable for most electrophysiological study procedures were dissociated from whole heads of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, by a simple ”smash” technique employing gentle chopping by a razor blade through Parafilm sheets. A variety of commonly available proteolytic and glycolytic digestion enzymes were tested as additions to the basic dissociation procedure described. With the aid of Nomarski interference contrast optics, periodic acid-Schiff staining, and fluorescent labeling and microscopy methods, it was determined that proteolytic enzymatic digestion does little to enhance the dissociation procedure, and instead, often damages the cells that one is attempting to recover. Unexpectedly, certain glycolytic enzymes, when added to the basic procedure, appear to enhance the recovery of intact viable Drosophila photoreceptors that are stripped of most extracellular material. Based on these results, a hypothesis concerning the biochemical nature of the extracellular matrix of the Drosophila retina is proposed. Drosophila photoreceptors are an interesting model system for the study of invertebrate phototransduction and photoreceptor cell biology because of their many well-characterized mutant strains. The technique described here should produce clean viable photoreceptors or ommatidia that respond to light, and that are suitable for patch clamping or cell culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307821
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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