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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of shock-compacted high-coercivity magnets with a nanometer-sized microstructure (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 3381-3386 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High-coercivity magnets with a nanometer-sized microstructure were fabricated by the shock-compaction technique using an acicular iron-alloy powder as a starting material. The magnetic properties of these magnets depended on the initial magnetic property of the acicular powder even after shock compaction and were considered to be attributed to the shape anisotropy of acicular single-domain fine particles. The preferred orientation of the acicular particles by which the powder was precompacted in the external magnetic field affected final magnetic properties of the shock-compacted magnets. The best value of the maximum energy product (BHmax) obtained in this study was 23 kJ/m3 (2.9 MG Oe), which was comparable to that of the elongated single-domain magnet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357464
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demagnetization of porous compacts of iron-alloy powder under shock compression (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 379-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Demagnetization of porous green compacts consisting of iron-alloy powder was observed under shock compression in the range of 4.0–13.5 GPa and 660–2040 K. The total reduction of the initial magnetization occurs under shock conditions with pressures exceeding 9 GPa and a temperature of 1300 K, and the possible mechanism for the observed demagnetization is consistent with the whole and/or partial α- to γ-phase transition in the powder, depending on the localization of heat at the particle surfaces. The mechanism is also consistent with the anomalous low value of residual magnetic flux density of the recovered material which was overcompacted under undesirable conditions. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114219
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photonic crystals for micro lightwave circuits using wavelength-dependent angular beam steering (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 1370-1372 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Light-beam steering that is extremely wavelength dependent has been demonstrated by using photonic crystals fabricated on Si. The scanning span reached 50° with only a 1% shift of incident wavelength at around 1 μm. The resulting angular dispersion is two orders of magnitude larger than that achieved with conventional prisms or gratings. The application of such superprism phenomena promises to enable the fabrication of integrated micro lightwave circuits that will allow more efficient use of wavelength resources when used in wavelength multiplexers/demultiplexers or dispersion compensators by enabling lower loss and broader bandwidth. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.123553
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of shape formation of three-dimensional periodic nanostructures by bias sputtering (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 463-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We previously demonstrated a process for fabricating three-dimensional (3D) periodic nanostructures composed of corrugated a-Si/SiO2 multilayers, which behave as 3D photonic crystals. In this process, bias sputtering is a key technique by which the pattern is self-forming. This letter clarifies the mechanism of the self-shaping effect of bias sputtering by comparing deposition simulation and experiments. The mechanism is decomposed into three main effects: diffuse incidence of neutral particles of film material, sputter etching by normally incident rare-gas ions, and subsequent redeposition of sputtered film material. Specifically, redeposition has a self-adjusting effect on the depth of holes or valleys, and is the key of formation of stable patterns. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.123037
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Propagation of light beams along line defects formed in a-Si/SiO2 three-dimensional photonic crystals: Fabrication and observation (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 777-779 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have fabricated optical waveguides in three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals and observed propagation of light beams. Light beams with wavelengths of 1.15 μm propagate along the line defects formed in the 3D photonic crystals. The 3D photonic crystals consist of a-Si/SiO2 multilayers laminated alternately by rf bias sputtering on a periodically hollowed silica substrate with a triangular lattice. The pit diameter is 0.2 μm and the pitch of the lattice is 0.5 μm. The thickness of each laminated layer is 0.2 μm. Line defects are formed normal to the surface by laminating a-Si/SiO2 multilayers with ten periods on the substrate in which the corrugation patterns have been omitted in a certain area corresponding to the core. The measurements of transmittance normal to the surface show that the wavelength of 1.15 μm used in observation of propagation is in the passband for the one-dimensional periodic region corresponding to the core and in the stop band for the 3D periodic region corresponding to the cladding, respectively. Measurements show good agreement with finite-difference time-domain calculations. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.123364
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photonic-crystal spot-size converter (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 268-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have demonstrated a spot-size converter (SSC) that is made of photonic crystals (PCs) and has a conversion ratio of 10:1 for a 1-μm-wavelength light beam. Its real-spatial distribution was narrowed by intentionally broadening its wave vector distribution and increasing effective refractive index. The advantage of this PC-based SSC over conventional bulk-based SSC are compactness (monolithic integration), positional independence, and extremely deep depth of focus. This PC-SSC is a candidate for an interface between photonic-crystal waveguides and conventional optical waveguides. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.125743
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-healing effects in the fabrication process of photonic crystals (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 2613-2615 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We demonstrate a self-healing effect of unwanted defects in the autocloning process: autocloning is a previously proposed technique to fabricate multidimensional periodic nanostructures by stacking up corrugated multilayers. With the self-healing effect, aperiodic perturbations in the initial periodic shape of the structure immediately disappear and the surface shape becomes periodic in a few cycles of stacking. If the perturbations exist in photonic crystal, they cause light-scattering loss and also make the boundaries between photonic bands and band gaps unclear. In other words, they make the attenuation of light at the frequency in photonic band gaps weak. Consequently, to attain uniformity of the shape automatically with this effect is very important in the fabrication process for practical photonic crystal devices. In this letter, we verify this phenomenon experimentally, and discuss the mechanism by comparison with process simulation. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1316070
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-collimating phenomena in photonic crystals (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 1212-1214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We found that self-determining collimated light is generated in a photonic crystal fabricated on silicon. The divergence of the collimated beam is insensitive to that of the incident beam and much smaller than the divergence that would be generated in conventional Gaussian optics. The incident-angle dependence of the self-collimated light propagation including lens-like divergent propagation was interpreted in terms of the highly modulated dispersion surfaces with inflection points, where the curvature changes from downward to upward corresponding to respectively a concave/convex-lens case. This demonstration is an important step towards controlling beam profile in photonic crystal integrated light circuits and towards developing "photonic crystalline optics." © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.123502
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  • 9
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    Work function of bulk-insulating topological insulator Bi2–xSbxTe3–ySey (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-30
    Description: Recent discovery of bulk insulating topological insulator (TI) Bi 2– x Sb x Te 3– y Se y paved a pathway toward practical device application of TIs. For realizing TI-based devices, it is necessary to contact TIs with a metal. Since the band-bending at the interface dominates the character of devices, knowledge of TIs' work function is of essential importance. We have determined the compositional dependence of the work function in Bi 2– x Sb x Te 3– y Se y by high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy. The obtained work-function values (4.95–5.20 eV) track the energy shift of the surface chemical potential seen by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The present result serves as a useful guide for developing TI-based electronic devices.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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