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  • 1
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    Construction by bosonization of a fermion-phonon model (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-09-19
    Description: We discuss an extension of the (massless) Thirring model describing interacting fermions in one dimension which are coupled to phonons and where all interactions are local. This fermion-phonon model can be solved exactly by bosonization. We present a construction and solution of this model which is mathematically rigorous by treating it as a continuum limit of a Luttinger-phonon model. A self-contained account of the mathematical results underlying bosonization is included, together with complete proofs.
    Print ISSN: 0022-2488
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7658
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 2
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    A comparison between atrium and courtyard cooling efficiency in hot tropical climate, implementing different passive cooling strategies (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-15
    Description: This paper identifies the most efficient passive cooling strategies implemented in atriums and courtyards in the tropics. For this purpose, a field study of a naturally ventilated atrium building in the tropics is briefly reported upon in which five different modes are defined based on changing the atrium's physical behavior and hybrid evaporative cooling usage. The results are compared with the field study results of two naturally ventilated courtyard houses with the same climate. The results indicate that the highest cooling efficiency is achieved when cross ventilation is coupled with the stack effect in both the atrium and the courtyard (and with evaporative cooling in the atrium), by implementing large inlet openings in the atrium different heights and the courtyard adjacent space (preferably on two opposite sides). In these modes, although the atrium and the courtyard airflow patterns are similar, the atrium also benefits from reverse airflow in the morning. In addition, the airflow pattern has a more important role than the airflow rate in the modification of the indoor thermal condition, in both the atrium and the courtyard.
    Electronic ISSN: 1941-7012
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 3
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    Motion of free-surface of shock-compressed water on emergence of rarefaction (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-10-07
    Description: We experimentally evaluated the impulsive motion of free-surface of water on impingement of shock-waves of moderate strength. This physical process creates the initial acceleration in shock-wave based micro-fluidic devices, which have promising medical and drug/DNA delivery applications. The velocities of the water interfaces were measured through real-time high-temporal/spatial resolution visualizations. Based on modified Tait equation-of-state and the concept of Reimann-invariants, an analytical expression was deduced to calculate the particle velocity behind the unloading wave. The experiments and analyses confirm that the mass motion behind the shock-wave accelerates to very high velocities, a requirement for effective momentum delivery in micro-jet devices.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 4
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    Droplet condensation on chemically homogeneous and heterogeneous surfaces (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-23
    Description: Nucleation and growth of condensing droplets on horizontal surfaces are investigated via a 2-D double distribution function thermal lattice Boltzmann method. First, condensation on completely uniform surface is investigated and different mechanisms which cause dropwise and filmwise condensation are studied. The results reveal the presence of cooled vapor layer instability in the condensation on completely smooth surfaces. In the second step, condensation on chemically heterogeneous surfaces is investigated. Moreover, the effect of non-uniformity in the surface temperature is also studied. The results indicate that the vapor layer instability and the nucleation start from the heterogeneities. The effects of different numbers of heterogeneities, their distance, and hydrophobicity on the condensation are also inspected. It is shown that by increasing the hydrophobicity of the heterogeneities and considering an optimum space between the heterogeneities, maximum condensation performance can be achieved. Finally, condensation on wettability gradient surfaces is studied and the effects of the gradient form and contact angle of the core region on the condensation are studied. It is shown that hydrophobicity of the core region plays a key role in increasing the condensation performance. A heat transfer analysis and flow dynamics of dropwise condensation as a function of time is also presented and it is shown that the results are in good agreements with the previous theoretical and experimental results.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 5
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    Thermo acoustic study of carbon nanotubes in near and far field: Theory, simulation, and experiment (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-07
    Description: Carbon nanotube webs exhibit interesting properties when used as thermo-acoustic projectors. This work studies thermo-acoustic effect of these sound sources both in near and far field regions. Based on two alternative forms of the energy equation, we have developed a straightforward formula for calculation of pressure field, which is consistent with experimental data in far field. Also we have solved full 3-D governing equations using numerical methods. Our three-dimensional simulation and experimental data show pressure waves are highly affected by dimensions of sound sources in near field due to interference effects. However, generation of sound waves in far field is independent of projectors area surface. Energy analysis for free standing Thermo-Acoustic (TA) sound sources show that aerogel TA sound sources like CNT based projectors could act more efficiently compared to the other sources in delivering more than 75% of alternative input energy to the medium gas up to a frequency of 1 MHz.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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