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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 827-829 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A simple method of producing a relatively large volume of metal vapor for laser-plasma interaction studies is described. The method uses the explosive removal of a thin metal film from a glass substrate with a low-intensity laser pulse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this study a hyperthermal oxygen atom source has been used to form an oxide layer on an Ar+-sputtered GaAs(001) surface at room temperature, and this layer has been examined using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS). XPS data indicate that the Ga in the near-surface region is oxidized predominantly to Ga2O3 with a significant contribution from GaAsO4 while the As is oxidized predominantly to an AsOx species with significant contributions from As2O3 and GaAsO4 and/or As2O5. The oxide layer thickness is estimated to be about 25 Å, and the XPS Ga:As atom ratio increases from 1.1 to 1.6 during the oxidation. The ISS data indicate that the resulting oxide layer formed is more electrically insulating than a native oxide layer on this surface. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 5 (1993), S. 4419-4431 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Grid image refractometry (GIR) is proposed as a technique for determining the two-dimensional density profiles of long scale-length laser-produced plasmas. Its distinctive feature is that an optical probe beam is broken up into "rays'' by being passed through a grid before traversing the plasma. The refraction angles of the rays are measured by imaging the plasma at two or more object planes and are integrated to yield the phase front. For cylindrically symmetric plasmas the density profile is then determined using Abel inversion. The feasibility of GIR is illustrated by an experiment in which a thick CH target was irradiated with ∼100 J of 527 nm radiation and diagnosed with a 20 ps, 263 nm probe. The resulting density profile is substantially larger than any that have previously been reported using interferometry and compares quite closely with hydrodynamic simulations.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 1 (1989), S. 1850-1854 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The (3)/(2) ω0 harmonic emission has been observed from a laser-produced plasma using exploding foil targets illuminated by 1.053 μm laser light with a 300 psec square pulse. The shift of the measured wavelength from (2)/(3) λ0 is found to depend markedly on the target thickness. Variation of the flow velocity and thus the Doppler shifts of the wave frequency with target thickness is found to be more important than variation of the electron temperature. Adjusting the measured wavelength by Doppler shifts calculated with flow velocities from simulations brings the measurements from different target thicknesses into agreement. These results indicate that previous predictions of electron temperatures from analyses of half-harmonic spectra from inertial confinement fusion plasmas are up to a factor of 2 too small.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 4 (1992), S. 1569-1575 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The simulation of interferograms for laser fusion-type targets is described. Three-dimensional ray-tracing postprocessors to the two-dimensional hydrodynamic codes lasnex and sage are used for this purpose. Simulated interferograms can then be directly compared with experimentally obtained interferograms, thus providing insight into various aspects of target physics, such as anisotropic thermal transport and details of the hydrodynamic flow. The method is illustrated for two specific KMS microdisk target shots diagnosed with double-exposure holographic interferometry.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 6160-6164 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A surface characterization study using ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been performed on solvent cleaned, n-type GaAs(001) substrates before and after cleaning by ion sputtering and annealing. The native oxide layer on this surface contains large amounts of As2O5,As2O3, and Ga2O3 according to XPS with Ga2O3 being the predominant species. Before cleaning C is present as hydrocarbons, carbonates, and carbide with hydrocarbons as the predominant chemical state. Ion sputtering converts the hydrocarbons into carbide, which is difficult to remove by further sputtering/annealing cleaning cycles, but O is removed by these cycles. According to ISS data, the outermost atomic layer is enriched in Ga before cleaning, but after cleaning the ISS Ga-to-As atom ratio is about 1:2. The results obtained in this study are consistent with the presence of a layered oxide structure with Ga2O3 just above the interface. A sputter-cleaned surface initially exhibits an increase in the Ga-to-As surface atom ratio which returns to the initial state with time (∼2 h) as observed by ISS. The Ga-to-As surface atom ratio also increases by annealing at temperatures as low as 180 °C. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 2 (1990), S. 2437-2447 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Gold disk targets were irradiated with green (λ=0.53 μm) laser light at intensities between 0.5 and 5×1014 W/cm2 using shaped laser pulses. Plasma conditions near and below critical density (nc(approximately-equal-to)4×1021/cm3) were determined from three diagnostics. Streaked one-dimensional images of the M-band emission (2–3.5 keV) along the laser axis yield the peak emission trajectory. Temporally and spatially averaged measurements of the hard x-ray spectrum (4–25 keV) were used to determine the average coronal electron temperature. Holographic interferometry was used to determine the electron density profiles and scale lengths along the laser axis. The peak emission trajectory, electron temperature, and scale lengths are all in good agreement with simulations, but the magnitudes of the electron density profiles are not, as discussed in an accompanying paper [Phys. Fluids B 2, 2448 (1990)].
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 29 (1986), S. 583-593 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) was studied in experiments with laser-irradiated Au disk targets. Typically the laser energy was 150 J in a 1.0 nsec pulse at a wavelength of 526 nm. Laser intensity at the target was ∼7×1014 W/cm2. The spectrum, angular distribution, onset time, duration, and intensity of the Raman light were measured. In addition the electron density distribution was determined by holographic interferometry and images of the Raman emission were obtained. These data show that the Raman light is primarily backscattered and that scattering occurs at electron plasma densities 0.01 nc ≤n≤0.15nc. SRS occurred at laser intensities which are below theoretical thresholds, given the plasma conditions. Otherwise, most of the data support the present understanding of Raman scattering.
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