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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 368-371 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A new electro-optically modulated optical solid-state (MOSS) interferometer has been constructed for the measurement of the low order spectral moments of line emission from optically thin radiant media. The instrument, which is based on the principle of the Fourier transform spectrometer, is rugged, compact, and inexpensive and offers a number of advantages over conventional grating based spectrometers. Most importantly, by employing electro-optical path-length modulation techniques, the spectral information is obtained using a single photomultiplier tube. Specifically, the zeroth moment (brightness) is given by the average signal level, the first moment (shift) by the modulation phase and the second moment (line width) by the modulation amplitude. In applications such as Zeeman spectroscopy and motional Stark effect (MSE), polarization modulation can be used to effect a modulation of the center frequency and/or coherence of the light which is then measured by the MOSS spectrometer. This article describes a number of applications, including Doppler and charge exchange recombination spectroscopy and polarization spectroscopy (Zeeman and MSE) for which the MOSS spectrometer is an inexpensive and powerful alternative to multichannel grating spectrometers. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 383-385 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A quadrature polarimeter for measurement of plasma magnetic field and electron densities is described. The polarization ellipse tilt angle is encoded as a relative phase shift between orthogonally polarized beams. This phase can be recovered using standard quadrature interferometric methods. The results from a benchtop experiment are presented. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 2130-2133 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A fast sampling demodulation method for phase modulated carriers is described. A reference wave is used to generate clock pulses for a digitizing instrument that measures directly the in-phase and quadrature components of the modulation. Application to demodulation of signals from a multi-channel phase-sensitive polarimeter is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 2829-2833 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Diffraction from plasma density irregularities can have significant consequences for the tomographic inversion of line-of-sight integrated measurements of the phase disturbance suffered by a probing beam. A new tomographic approach which takes account of diffraction from high-K refractive index structures is described. The relevance for multichannel interferometry measurements is demonstrated numerically and the technique is applied to the inversion of multichannel TEXT interferometer data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 4965-4967 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We report the successful construction and operation of a far-infrared (337 μm) interferometer based on a multiple-order diffraction grating wheel. On reflection from the wheel circumference, the incident laser beam is diffracted into a number (∼12) of approximately equal intensity high-order beams. Since the Doppler offset of the beams is proportional to the diffraction order, information encoded by the spatially distinct beams is multiplexed in the frequency domain. This allows simultaneous multichannel phase shift information to be obtained using only a single detector.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 1086-1094 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A novel multichannel scanning interferometer designed for tomographically inferring contours of electron density in magnetically confined plasmas is described. The scanning element is a multisectored blazed rotating grating. The diffracted beam emerges at a different angle from each sector, giving rise to a fan array of discrete beams for each rotation of the grating. Signals from the probing chords are multiplexed in time enabling the use of a single detecting element for the extraction of many channels of line-integrated density information. An air-turbine-driven grating wheel assembly has been fabricated and initial tests performed. The proposed interferometer is to operate at 337 μm and will be installed on the H-1 helical axis stellarator currently under construction at the Australian National University.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 2305-2309 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We have developed a three-dimensional Gaussian-beam ray-tracing program to aid in the design of infrared, far-infrared, and millimeter wave interferometer and polarimeter diagnostic systems for magnetic confinement fusion relevant plasma physics experiments. An overview of the program is presented along with a description of the ray-tracing algorithm. A model is developed for the case of diffraction of a Gaussian beam off a cylindrical grating and is shown to be in good agreement with experimental measurements. The program has been used to aid the design of the scanning-grating interferometer system for the H-1NF heliac experimental plasma device. The program is written in the Research Systems Inc. Interactive Data Language and, on a typical modern personal computer, is able to trace and render the ∼50 element three-view 44-beam H-1NF interferometer optical system in about one minute. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 56 (1997), S. 473-484 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: transgenic plants ; recombinant protein ; gene expression ; downstream processing ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This review is based on our recent experience in producing the first commercial recombinant proteins in transgenic plants. We bring forward the issues that have to be considered in the process of selecting and developing a winning transgenic plant production system. From the production point of view, transcription, posttranscription, translation, and posttranslation are important events that can affect the quality and quantity of the final product. Understanding the rules of gene expression is required to develop sound strategies for optimization of recombinant protein production in plants. The level of recombinant protein accumulation is critical, but other factors such as crop selection, handling and processing of transgenic plant material, and downstream processing are equally important when considering commercial production. In some instances, the cost of downstream processing alone may determine the economic viability of a particular plant system. Some of the potential advantages of a plant production system such as the high levels of accumulation of recombinant proteins, glycosylation, compartmentalization within the cell, and natural storage stability in certain organs are incentives for aggressively pursuing recombinant protein production in plants. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 56: 473-484, 1997.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 13 (1973), S. 429-434 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Differential thermal analysis offers a convenient and rapid way of determining stabilization levels in polyolefin compositions. Since it is normally used at temperatures in the fabrication range, it provides a direct readout of processing stability. At the same time, because the chemistry of the polymer system at these temperatures may be quite different from that at normal use temperatures, judgment must be exercised in attempting to extrapolate high temperature data. New factors can come in at either end of the temperature range which are inoperative at the other extreme.The experimental procedures used are described, and the special precautions necessary for operation down to the 140-150°C range indicated. Problems arising from sample inhomogeneities are discussed, and the critical importance of stabilizer migration in the solid state pointed out, including invalidation of extrapolation down to normal temperatures of data taken above the melting range.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 6 (1966), S. 217-226 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Renewed interest in the development of a quantitative optical technique for assessing the quality of carbon dispersion in weather-resistant polyethylene compositions has given fresh significance to the findings of a study conducted earlier by a task group of ATSM Committee D-20 but not previously reported in the literature. This group evolved and refined a spectrophotometric procedure which was shown to be capable of good interlaboratory reproducibility when the same film was measured by each of the participants in turn. When each laboratory prepared its own film specimen from a standard lot of pellets, however, this reproducibility dropped to a very unsatisfactory level. It was concluded that fine-grained inhomogeneities even in compounds considered to have excellent dispersion quality preclude reproducible test results when sample weights of only a few milligrams are involved. The problem is aggravated by the difficulty of preparing thin, uniform films and complicated by a nonlinear dependence of transmission on film thickness.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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