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  • dynamic routing  (2)
  • 14C photosynthates  (1)
  • Springer  (3)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • Oxford University Press
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  • Springer  (3)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • Oxford University Press
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Photonic network communications 2 (2000), S. 369-382 
    ISSN: 1572-8188
    Keywords: all-optical networks ; fault management ; distributed algorithm ; dynamic routing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a distributed algorithm to determine fault avoiding routes between source-destination end-node pairs in an all-optical network. Fault-tolerant routing for WDM routed all-optical networks has not been studied in details in the literature except for using protection switching or loopback recovery. Such schemes use predetermined protection mechanism and hence assume that the protection path is not faulty. This paper considers extensions to a dynamic routing scheme (presented earlier by these authors for fault-free networks) to handle rerouting in case of fault occurrence. The performance degradations of the network because of fault occurrence are then studied in terms of blocking probability and set-up time through simulations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of heuristics 6 (2000), S. 21-38 
    ISSN: 1572-9397
    Keywords: ATM networks ; dynamic routing ; PNNI ; simulations ; QoS ; multimedia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The goal of this paper is to recommend a good Private Network-to-Network Interface (PNNI) routing algorithm for private ATM networks. A good routing algorithm has to work well with multimedia traffic with several quality of service (QoS) requirements (such as cell loss ratio, cell delay and its variation etc.) in different networks under various traffic conditions. The multiplicity of QoS requirements makes the routing problem NP-complete, so our approach to the problem is based on large scale simulations involving several empirical algorithms (compliant with the PNNI routing specification) which have been tested for different network topologies and traffic scenarios. Based on analysis of tradeoffs involving performance metrics (such as blocking rate, complexity, load distribution) we recommend a consistently good routing algorithm for single domain ATM networks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Photosynthetica 34 (1997), S. 419-426 
    ISSN: 1573-9058
    Keywords: CO2 enrichment ; leaf age ; mungbean ; net photosynthetic rate ; 14C photosynthates ; sink ; starch ; sugars
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Carbon allocation to the source leaf, export and partitioning to the sink were studied in mungbean supplied by additional carbon from the source leaves subjected to high CO2 concentrations (600 and 900 cm3 m-3) in three metabolic and functional source-sink combinations. The plants were pruned to a source-path-sink system. With CO2 enrichment there was an appreciable increase in net photosynthetic CO2 uptake in earlier formed and physiologically younger leaves. Most of the carbon fixed as a result of enrichment was translocated out of the source leaf within one diurnal cycle. The carbon remaining in the source leaf was unchanged. Partitioning of extra carbon into starch or sugar depended upon the amount of extra carbon synthesized. The unloading of the extra carbon into sinks depended on whether it was used for growth or stored. Under increased carbon content, the leaf as a sink was able to reorganize its metabolic reactions more rapidly to maintain the required gradient for unloading than the pod acting as the sink.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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