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  • Articles  (360)
  • Molecular Diversity Preservation International  (196)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (164)
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  • Articles  (360)
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  • 1
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    Polarized Emission of Wholly Aromatic Bio-Based Copolyesters of a Liquid Crystalline Nature (2011)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-16
    Electronic ISSN: 2073-4360
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 2
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    Electrorheological Effect of Gold Nanoparticles Coated with Fluorescent Mesogenic Groups Dispersed in Nematic Liquid Crystal (2021)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-16
    Description: The electrorheological (ER) properties of composite materials consisting of a nematic liquid crystal (LC) and gold nanoparticles (GNPs) coated with bistolane-based mesogenic groups were studied. The GNPs were coated by normal alkyl chains and the fluorescent LC compounds, of which the molecular structure was similar to that of the LC matrix. The dispersity of the GNPs in the nematic LC was investigated by polarizing optical microscopy (POM). In order to improve the ER effect of the composite, a simple strategy was investigated from the viewpoint of a material design in surface-modified GNPs by lateral substitution of the mesogenic groups. The presence of the GNPs in the nematic LC led to a slightly enhanced ER effect compared to that observed for only the nematic LC. This study demonstrates the potential of a hybrid system consisting of LCs and GNPs to yield a larger ER effect.
    Electronic ISSN: 2073-4352
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural and magnetic properties of rapidly quenched (R,Zr)(Fe,Co)10Nx (R=Nd,Sm) : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4611-4613 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The structural and magnetic properties of (R,Zr)(Fe,Co)10(R=Nd,Sm) prepared by the rapid-quenching method have been investigated. The presence of zirconium makes it possible to realize a TbCu7-type crystal structure with a high c/a ratio of more than 0.87, while the same crystal structure has a c/a ratio of just 0.84–0.85 in the zirconium-free case. The saturation magnetization of crystals having such a high c/a ratio as 0.87 exceeds 1.7 T at room temperature. These materials can be nitrogenated, and remarkable enhancement of magnetocrystalline anisotropy by nitrogenation can be seen in the case of Sm. The magnetic hardening of these nitrogenated materials can be achieved by annealing before nitrogenation. The highest value of (BH)max obtained so far for the nitrogenated materials is 144 kJ/m3 (18.0 MGOe). The iHc and Br values for this sample are 503 kA/m (6.3 kOe) and 1.08 T, respectively. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361679
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Empirical dielectric function of amorphous materials for spectroscopic ellipsometry (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 4673-4676 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An empirical dielectric function (EDF) is proposed for optical characterization of amorphous materials. The EDF consists of the sum of damped harmonic oscillator terms whose square root amplitudes are distributed according to a hyperbolic function of photon energy connected to an exponential function. The usefulness of EDF is demonstrated by fitting it to the table values of dielectric constants for a-Si and a-Si3N4 and by applying it to the spectro-ellipsometric analysis of a-Si films deposited by vacuum evaporation and rf glow discharge methods. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359604
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Refractive indices measurement of (GaInP)m/(AlInP)n quasi-quaternaries and GaInP/AlInP multiple quantum wells (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 1809-1818 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Measurements of the refractive indices of (GaInP)m/(AlInP)n quasi-quaternaries (QQs), GaInP/AlInP multiple quantum wells (MQWs), and (AlxGa1−x)0.5In0.5P quaternaries were made systematically, using the reflectance method, in photon energy ranges nearly as high as up to the band gap. Data was fitted using the modified single effective oscillator (MSEO) method. A single oscillator energy (Eo) of 4.17+0.49xeq and dispersion energy (Ed) of 35.79–1.16xeq was obtained for (GaInP)m/(AlInP)2 QQs, where the equivalent Al composition xeq is defined by the stacking film thickness ratio xeq=d(AlInP)/[d(GaInP)+d(AlInP)]. Agreement of refractive indices obtained for QQs and quaternary compounds with equivalent xeq has been confirmed. Still, for the GaInP/AlInP MQWs, MSEO fitting was also agreeable, using the same oscillator energy Eo and dispersion energy Ed of the (GaInP)m/(AlInP)2 QQs with the same thickness ratio, and substituting band gap energy EΓ values shifted due to quantum effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357699
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase stability estimated for adhesive charged sphere fluids with an analytical solution (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 107 (1997), S. 6839-6854 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Phase separation, which can occur in a fluid mixture system (FMS) containing adhesive charged hard spheres (ACHSs) by the addition of a salt of pointlike ionic species, can be enhanced by increasing the absolute value of the charge z0e on the ACHS. Phase stability in the FMS can be revealed using an analytical solution based on the mean spherical approximation for the Ornstein–Zernike equation and can behave nonlinearly. For such a phenomenon, the effect given by the potential of mean force plays an important role. When the adhesive interaction between ACHSs is weak in an FMS containing ACHSs of low charge and low density, an increase in |z0e| can stabilize the dispersed state of the FMS. When each of the ACHSs reaches a highly charged state, the increase in |z0e| can enhance phase separation. When the adhesive interaction between ACHSs is strong in an FMS containing ACHSs of low charge, the stability of the dispersed state depends nonlinearly on the volume fraction φ of ACHSs. The clusters of the ACHSs resulting from phase separation can completely dissolve when φ reaches a certain value as φ increases. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.474924
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mobilities of He+, Ne+, Ar+, and Kr+ in He gas at 4.35 K (1994)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 100 (1994), S. 5726-5734 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mobilities of He+, Ne+, Ar+, and Kr+ have been measured in He gas at 4.35 K. An injected-ion drift tube which can be cooled by liquid helium was used. It has a Wien filter on the ion injection line and a quadrupole mass filter on the detection line so that mass identification is explicitly made. Ions are injected into the drift tube with 20 eV, and it is assured that the thermalization of ions is completed well before reaching the gate for mobility measurement. The correction for thermal transpiration in the pressure measurement was made by Takaishi–Sensui's empirical formula. The reduced mobility K was measured against E/N, where E is the electric field strength and N is the gas number density. Then the E/N was converted to the effective temperature Teff by Wannier's formula. The K(Teff) obtained are compared with the previous experimental and theoretical results, some of which are given in K0(Tg), where K0 is the zero field mobility and Tg is the gas temperature. The agreement between the present results and the previous experimental results is generally good at high temperature where they are available. Recommended numerical values are presented.The present work confirms the findings in the preliminary report by Kojima et al. that the K of He+ in He has a maximum around E/N=5 Td which corresponds to Teff=18 K, and it decreases steeply below that temperature. An apprehension that the structure might be caused by clustering is discussed and denied. The maximum found in K of He+ in He is considered to be the structure predicted theoretically as a result of orbiting resonance scattering. The Ks obtained for Ne+, Ar+, and Kr+ have a typical shape of mobilities in heterogeneous gas. They have a maximum around Teff=500–1000 K and become more or less flat below 50 K. From the maximum position the well depths of the interaction potentials are estimated and compared with theoretical calculations. There is a shallow minimum of K between 50 and 100 K for Ar+ and Kr+. The Ks at the flat are a few percent larger than the polarization limit Kpol. Below Teff=6 K, Ks tend to decrease steeply. This steep decrease of K is also suggested to be an orbiting resonance scattering effect although no theoretical calculation is available.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.467138
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion mobility measurements for O+ and N+ in helium gas at 4.35 K (1995)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 103 (1995), S. 7098-7103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mobilities of O+ and N+ in He have been measured using a liquid helium cooled, selected ion drift tube, at 4.35 K. Results are compared with previous experimental work at higher temperatures and, in the case of O+, comparison is made with theoretical work, where a good agreement is found. The dependence of mobility on effective temperature is discussed in light of our previous work and our measurements are related to features of the ion–atom potential. In order to facilitate further theoretical analysis, recommended values of mobility are tabulated for O+ and N+ in He and also for O+2, N+2, and CO+ in He. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.470338
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic state distribution of Xe+* formed by excitation transfer from Ne(3P00,2) to Xe+(2P03/2) at thermal energy (1994)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 7451-7457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Ne(3P00,2)+Xe+(5p5 2P01/2,3/2) excitation–transfer reaction has been studied by observing ultraviolet and visible emissions from Xe+* in a Ne flowing afterglow. The relative contribution of Xe+(2P03/2) and Xe+(2P01/2) to the excitation of Xe+* was examined by changing the [Xe+(2P01/2)]/[Xe+(2P03/2)] ratio with the addition of CH4 as a remover of the upper spin–orbit component. Since the intensity distribution of Xe+* lines was independent of the [Xe+(2P01/2)]/[Xe+(2P03/2)] ratio, it was concluded that the contribution of the Ne(3P00,2)+Xe+(2P01/2) reaction was insignificant. The Ne(3P00,2)+Xe+(2P03/2) reaction initially populates nine Xe+(6p,6p',7s,6) levels in the 13.86–16.60 eV range. The favored product levels are 6p' 2D03/2,5/2 and 7s 4P5/2 in the 16.36–16.43 eV range and 6p 4P05/2 at 13.88 eV, which are 0.2–0.3 and 2.7 eV below the entrance Ne(3P02)+Xe+(2P03/2) channel, respectively. The former near-resonant levels are excited by either direct curve crossings between attractive entrance potentials and flat exit ones or multiple curve crossings through a strongly attractive Ne−+Xe2+ ionic potential, while the latter nonresonant level is probably formed through the Ne−+Xe2+ ionic potential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.468498
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of transparent iron-oxide films by means of sol-gel synthesis (abstract) (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 5452-5452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Transparent iron-oxide films were fabricated by sol-gel synthesis using a solution of ferric nitrate (III) dissolved in ethylene glycol.1 The solution was kept at 80 °C and stirred constantly in a nitrogen atmosphere. The gel with an appropriate viscosity was spin coated on soft glass plates, then dried and heated in air at various temperatures for 5 h. The films thus prepared are about 0.2 μm thick, amber colored, and especially transparent in the near-infrared region, whose transmittance exceeds 90%. Maximum saturation magnetization 4πMs=0.74 kG [curve (a)] was obtained by annealing at 450 °C, which is still insufficient to use practical application. Reduction heat treatment in a hydrogen atmosphere is found to be very effective to improve magnetic properties: 4πMs is increased to 3 kG [curve (b)], which is about four times as large as the previous one, but the films become semitransparent due to formation of magnetite particles. Original high transmittance recovers by successive annealing in air at 400 °C without any degradation of magnetic properties [curve (c)], where diffraction peaks of maghemite were observed. This strongly suggests that magnetic anisotropy may be arbitrarily controlled by forming linear chains of ferromagnetic particle clusters through reduction heat treatment in a magnetic field. Faraday rotation θF of the samples was also measured. These films are promising as a new type magneto-optic material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342345
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