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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intense laser interactions with sprays of submicron droplets (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 1329-1339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Picosecond laser interaction experiments conducted at peak intensities of 1.5×1017 W cm−2 using a new target medium consisting of a dense spray of 0.5 micron radius ethanol droplets indicate a strong laser–plasma coupling. The laser absorption exceeds that seen in solid targets of greater Z, and remains high over more than four orders of magnitude of intensity. Invariance in the laser absorption with wavelength and polarization is also reported. Together with x-ray spectroscopy studies, absorption measurements have been used to implement nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) plasma simulations in order to isolate the important features of the droplet heating and explosion dynamics. These simulations show that the interplay of laser heating and energy transport processes is significantly different from those seen in continuous solid target interactions and that a substantial fast electron fraction must be inferred. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1353186
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Picosecond optical probing of ultrafast energy transport in short pulse laser solid target interaction experiments (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 3714-3721 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper reports observations of rapid energy transport effects resulting from high intensity laser heating of fused silica targets. Picosecond optical probing of these interactions provides information on the kinematics of supersonic ionization fronts driven into the targets. Studies have been conducted as a function of laser intensity, wavelength, and target angle. Additionally, targets with metallic surface layers have been investigated. Characterization of the laser absorption has enabled plasma and radiation hydrodynamics energy transport simulations to be implemented. Although consideration has been given to several energy transport mechanisms, including thermal and suprathermal electron transport, the kinematics are best explained with a radiation transport model. This is confirmed by angled and high and medium Z coated target experiments. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872981
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability theorem for a single species plasma in a toroidal magnetic configuration (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 2430-2440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A stability theorem is developed for a single species plasma that is confined by a purely toroidal magnetic field. A toroidal conductor is assumed to bound the confinement region, and frequencies are ordered so that the cyclotron action and the toroidal action for each particle are good adiabatic invariants. The cross-field motion is described by toroidal-average drift dynamics. In this situation, it is possible to find plasma equilibria for which the energy is a maximum, as compared to all neighboring states that are accessible under general constraints on the dynamics. Since the energy is conserved, such states must be stable to small-amplitude perturbations. This theorem is developed formally using Arnold's method, and examples of stable equilibria are obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870571
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a sub-micron liquid spray for laser-plasma x-ray generation (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 3780-3788 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A high-density source of liquid droplets has been developed and characterized for use in laser interaction studies. Mie scattering and attenuation measurements show that droplets with a radius of (0.5±0.1) μm and atomic densities of 1019 atoms/cm3 can be produced. These densities are comparable to those of cluster media used in laser interaction experiments. The droplet spray therefore provides a way to produce particles sized between clusters and macroscopic solids. Lower density (1016 atoms/cm3) sprays can also be produced and these can be electrostatically split to provide smaller droplets with a radius of (0.3±0.1) μm. Varying the aperture diameter, through which the spray is formed, controls the spray density and droplet size. Preliminary laser-plasma interaction studies with the spray show that the laser attenuation is highly nonlinear with pulse intensity. We have observed over 90% attenuation for a 2 ps pulse at high intensity, ∼1017 W/cm2, compared to 32% at low intensity, ∼109 W/cm2. X-ray emission in the (0.1–8) keV range correlates with this nonlinear attenuation and is comparable to solid targets of similar atomic number.© 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149219
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a cryogenically cooled high-pressure gas jet for laser/cluster interaction experiments (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 3798-3804 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We have developed and carried out detailed characterization of a cryogenically cooled (34–300 K), high-pressure (55 kTorr) solenoid driven pulsed valve that has been used to produce dense jets of atomic clusters for high intensity laser interaction studies. Measurements including Rayleigh scattering and short pulse interferometry show that clusters of controlled size, from a few to 〉104 atoms/cluster can be produced from a broad range of light and heavy gases, at average atomic densities up to 4×1019 atoms/cc. Continuous temperature and pressure control of the valve allows us to vary mean cluster size while keeping the average atomic density constant, and we find that many aspects of the valves behavior are consistent with ideal gas laws. However, we also show that effects including the build up of flow on milliseconds time scales, the cooling of gas flowing into the valve, and condensation of gas inside the valve body at temperatures well above the liquefaction point need to be carefully characterized in order to decouple the operation of the jet from the laser interaction physics. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149181
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray yields from Xe clusters heated by short pulse high intensity lasers (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 166-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have examined the absolute yield of keV x-rays emitted from gaseous plasmas created by the intense irradiation of large Xe clusters. We find that 〉10 μJ of x rays with photon energies above 1 keV are produced from clustering Xe gas targets when heated by 250 mJ, 2 ps laser pulses at an intensity of ∼1017 W/cm2. The yields show strong laser intensity dependence and variation with Xe cluster size. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119491
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A silicon Coulomb blockade device with voltage gain (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 3838-3840 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A silicon single electron tunneling transistor (SETT), which shows an inverting voltage gain greater than unity and as high as 3.7, has been fabricated. The blockade voltage as a function of gate voltage shows sawtooth oscillations when biased with a small current and measured at a temperature of 4.2 K. The SETT is fabricated in highly doped and oxidized silicon quantum wires of less than a 40 nm×50 nm cross section and 1.5 μm length. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120543
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gate controlled Coulomb blockade effects in the conduction of a silicon quantum wire (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 2699-2703 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Side gated silicon quantum wires of nominally uniform 60 nm/70 nm width, 40 nm height, and 4 μm/6 μm length have been fabricated in the silicon-on-insulator configuration. Measurements of the current–voltage characteristics at a temperature of 2.0 K show significant nonlinearities including a zero conductivity blockade region and conductance peaks suggestive of single electron behavior. The blockade size is significantly affected by application of a gate potential and oscillations of the blockade and wire conductivity with gate potential are also observed. These features are explained by a single electron tunneling model of a multiple island system. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363934
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  • 9
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    Note: Establishing α-particle radiation damage experiments using the Dalton Cumbrian Facility’s 5 MV tandem pelletron (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-14
    Description: Evaluating the radiation stability of mineral phases is a vital research challenge when assessing the performance of the materials employed in a Geological Disposal Facility for radioactive waste. This report outlines the setup and methodology for efficiently allowing the determination of the dose dependence of damage to a mineral from a single ion irradiated sample. The technique has been deployed using the Dalton Cumbrian Facility’s 5 MV tandem pelletron to irradiate a suite of minerals with a controlled α-particle ( 4 He 2+ ) beam. Such minerals are proxies for near-field clay based buffer material surrounding radioactive canisters, as well as the sorbent components of the host rock.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 10
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    Crystallographic studies of decay-accelerating factor (CD55) (2002)
    International Union of Crystallography
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-08-06
    Print ISSN: 0108-7673
    Electronic ISSN: 2053-2733
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by International Union of Crystallography
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