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  • 1
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    A silicon-nanowire memory driven by optical gradient force induced bistability (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-31
    Description: In this paper, a bistable optical-driven silicon-nanowire memory is demonstrated, which employs ring resonator to generate optical gradient force over a doubly clamped silicon-nanowire. Two stable deformation positions of a doubly clamped silicon-nanowire represent two memory states (“0” and “1”) and can be set/reset by modulating the light intensity (
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 2
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    Nanoscale femtosecond imaging of transient hot solid density plasmas with elemental and charge state sensitivity using resonant coherent diffraction (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Here, we propose to exploit the low energy bandwidth, small wavelength, and penetration power of ultrashort pulses from XFELs for resonant Small Angle Scattering (SAXS) on plasma structures in laser excited plasmas. Small angle scattering allows to detect nanoscale density fluctuations in forward scattering direction. Typically, the SAXS signal from laser excited plasmas is expected to be dominated by the free electron distribution. We propose that the ionic scattering signal becomes visible when the X-ray energy is in resonance with an electron transition between two bound states (resonant coherent X-ray diffraction). In this case, the scattering cross-section dramatically increases so that the signal of X-ray scattering from ions silhouettes against the free electron scattering background which allows to measure the opacity and derived quantities with high spatial and temporal resolution, being fundamentally limited only by the X-ray wavelength and timing. Deriving quantities such as ion spatial distribution, charge state distribution, and plasma temperature with such high spatial and temporal resolution will make a vast number of processes in shortpulse laser-solid interaction accessible for direct experimental observation, e.g., hole-boring and shock propagation, filamentation and instability dynamics, electron transport, heating, and ultrafast ionization dynamics.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 3
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    Dynamics of bulk electron heating and ionization in solid density plasmas driven by ultra-short relativistic laser pulses (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-16
    Description: The dynamics of bulk heating and ionization is investigated both in simulations and theory, which determines the crucial plasma parameters such as plasma temperature and density in ultra-short relativistic laser-solid target interactions. During laser-plasma interactions, the solid density plasma absorbs a fraction of laser energy and converts it into kinetic energy of electrons. A portion of the electrons with relativistic kinetic energy goes through the solid density plasma and transfers energy into the bulk electrons, which results in bulk electron heating. The bulk electron heating is finally translated into the processes of bulk collisional ionization inside the solid target. A simple model based on the Ohmic heating mechanism indicates that the local and temporal profile of bulk return current is essential to determine the temporal evolution of bulk electron temperature. A series of particle-in-cell simulations showing the local heating model is robust in the cases of target with a preplasma and without a preplasma. Predicting the bulk electron heating is then benefit for understanding the collisional ionization dynamics inside the solid targets. The connection of the heating and ionization inside the solid target is further studied using Thomas-Fermi model.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 4
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    An opto-mechanical coupled-ring reflector driven by optical force for lasing wavelength control (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-24
    Description: In this paper, an opto-mechanical coupled-ring reflector driven by optical gradient force is applied in an external-cavity tunable laser. A pair of mutually coupled ring resonators with a free-standing arc serves as a movable reflector. It obtains a 13.3-nm wavelength tuning range based on an opto-mechanical lasing-wavelength tuning coefficient of 127 GHz/nm. The potential applications include optical network, on-chip optical trapping, sensing, and biology detection.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 5
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    Neutron yield enhancement in laser-induced deuterium-deuterium fusion using a novel shaped target (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-30
    Description: Neutron yields have direct correlation with the energy of incident deuterons in experiments of laser deuterated target interaction [Roth et al. , Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 , 044802 (2013) and Higginson et al. , Phys. Plasmas 18 , 100703 (2011)], while deuterated plasma density is also an important parameter. Experiments at the Shenguang II laser facility have produced neutrons with energy of 2.45 MeV using d (d, n) He reaction. Deuterated foil target and K-shaped target were employed to study the influence of plasma density on neutron yields. Neutron yield generated by K-shaped target (nearly 10 6 ) was two times higher than by foil target because the K-shaped target results in higher density plasma. Interferometry and multi hydro-dynamics simulation confirmed the importance of plasma density for enhancement of neutron yields.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of the oxidation kinetics of NiSi2 on (111)Si by transmission electron microscopy (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 1001-1007 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A transmission electron microscopy study of oxidation kinetics of NiSi2 for both dry and wet oxidation has been carried out. Care was taken to determine the activation energies of oxidation in the temperature and time regime where the islanding of NiSi2 did not occur. For dry oxidation, activation energies for parabolic and linear growth were found to be 1.87 and 1.94 eV (with an error bar of ±0.1 eV), respectively. On the other hand, activation energies for parabolic and linear growth were found to be 1.72 and 1.59 eV (with an error bar of ±0.1 eV), respectively, for wet oxidation. The activation energy of parabolic rate constant is seen to be substantially different from those obtained previously. The difference is attributed to the occurrence and absence of islanding during oxidation in the previous and present study, correspondingly. Compared to the oxidation of TiSi2 and pure silicon, a model based on the dominant diffusing species through silicide, i.e., metal and Si for NiSi2 and TiSi2, respectively, is proposed to explain the substantial difference and closeness in linear activation energies of wet oxidation between NiSi2, TiSi2, and pure silicon, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.354945
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of the oxidation kinetics of C54-TiSi2 on (001)Si by transmission electron microscopy (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 3143-3149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A transmission electron microscopy study of oxidation kinetics of C54-TiSi2 for both dry and wet oxidation has been carried out. Precautions were taken to determine the activation energies of oxidation in the temperature and time regime where the islanding of TiSi2 did not occur. For dry oxidation, activation energies for parabolic and linear growth were found to be 1.97 and 2.50 eV (with an error bar of ±0.1 eV), respectively. On the other hand, activation energies for parabolic and linear growth were found to be 1.88 and 2.10 eV (with an error bar of ±0.1 eV), respectively, for wet oxidation. The activation energy of parabolic rate constant is seen to be substantially different from those obtained previously. The difference is attributed to the occurrence and absence of islanding during oxidation in the previous and present study, correspondingly. The closeness of linear activation energy of TiSi2 oxidation with that of pure silicon is thought to be due to the fact that both are related to the breaking of the Si—Si bonds at the silicon surface. Orthorhombic TiO2 was observed to form on the surface of all samples wet oxidized at 880–1040 °C for 5–70 min. For dry oxidized samples, no TiO2 was detected in samples dry oxidized at 880–940 °C for 5–50 min and at 920 °C for up to 6 h. However, in samples dry oxidized at 920 °C for 10–15 h, TiO2 was found to form. For dry oxidation, it is thought that although the formation energy of TiO2 is considerably higher than that of SiO2, the nucleation barrier for forming TiO2 is higher. Only after prolonged oxidation was the nucleation barrier overcome and led to the formation of TiO2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.351476
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A spectroscopic view of internal conversion in a small polyatomic molecule: Sub-Doppler intracavity dye laser spectroscopy of thioformaldehyde (1992)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 97 (1992), S. 1630-1637 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Intracavity dye laser spectroscopy has been used to obtain sub-Doppler spectra of selected rotational lines in the A˜ 1A2–X˜ 1A1 410 band of thioformaldehyde with very high resolution and sensitivity. Many of the spectra show extra lines due to perturbations involving high vibrational levels of the ground state. Most of the perturbations observed for K'a = 0 and 4 are found to correlate well with previous observations of anomalously long single rotational level fluorescence lifetimes and reduced quantum yields [J. Dunlop and D. J. Clouthier, J. Chem. Phys. 93, 6371 (1990)]. S1–S0 interaction matrix elements of 0.001–0.006 cm−1 are found for levels involved in simple two level perturbations. The large number of small random perturbations by levels of the ground state is indicative of the first stages of the onset of quantum chaos in a small molecule. Some larger perturbations in the rotational structure are also observed; these are caused by additional local interactions with levels of the nearby triplet state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.463205
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response to "Comment on ‘Two-dimensional solitary kinetic Alfvén waves and dipole vortex structures' " [Phys. Plasmas 4, 611 (1997)] (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 3447-3447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872489
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyperfine and spin–orbit structure of the 4Δi ground state of CoO (1993)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 99 (1993), S. 6336-6344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A detailed examination of the structure of the 4Δi ground state of gaseous CoO has been carried out from analysis of the electronic spectrum near 6300 A(ring), using intracavity dye laser and wavelength-resolved fluorescence methods. The intracavity experiments have given the details of the hyperfine structure of the two lowest spin–orbit components at sub-Doppler resolution, permitting the hyperfine parameters, a=0.02295 cm−1 and (b+c)=−0.01117 cm−1, to be derived; from the negative value of the contact interaction the electron configuration is established as (4sσ)2(3dδ)3(3dπ)2. The wavelength-resolved fluorescence experiments have given the relative positions of the four spin–orbit components of the X 4Δi state to ±0.3 cm−1. Based on these measurements, a pair of subbands sharing a common electronic upper level, but with the Ω=5/2 and 7/2 components of the ground state as lower levels, has been recognized. Rotational analysis of Doppler-limited intracavity spectra of these two subbands has given an accurate value for the Ω=5/2–7/2 separation as 304.321±0.007 cm−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.465872
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