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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the coupling of blast wave theory with atomic excitation in low-energy laser-induced plasmas formed in gases (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 3809-3813 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Time-dependent intensities of the spectral lines emitted by laser-induced plasmas generated in several gases are presented. The time-resolved and spatially varying intensities of two once-ionized nitrogen lines were used to calculate radial temperature distribution of temperature within the plasma. A modified blast wave theory, in which ionization was included through the Saha equation and the equation of conservation of charge, was used to calculate time-dependent intensities of several spectral lines of C, N, He, and Ar. The temporal profiles of the spectral lines appear to be dependent on the ionization potentials of the species in the plasma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346285
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling of time-dependent laser-induced plasma spectra formed on a carbon surface (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 65 (1989), S. 2946-2950 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The blast wave theory coupled with ionization described by the Saha equations and the charge conservation equation, are used to calculate the time-dependent, spatial distribution of the number densities of the different species of a plasma formed on a carbon surface. The temporal behavior of the normalized intensity profiles of the C i (247.8 nm) and C ii (251.1 nm) lines and the Stark shifts of the C i (247.8 nm) line from 0.1 to 0.4 μs are obtained. Good agreement is found between theoretical and experimental time-dependent, normalized, line intensity profiles and Stark shift profiles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342741
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple track Doppler-shift spectroscopy system for TFTR neutral beam injectors (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 58 (1987), S. 1362-1368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A Doppler-shift spectroscopy system has been installed on the TFTR neutral beam injection system to measure species composition during both conditioning and injection pulses using short and long pulse ion sources. Two intensified vidicon detectors and two spectrometers are utilized in a system capable of resolving data from up to 12 ion sources simultaneously. By imaging the light from six ion sources onto one detector, a cost-effective system has been achieved. Fiber optics are used to locate the diagnostic in an area remote from the hazards of the tokamak test cell allowing continuous access, and eliminating the need for radiation shielding of electronic components. Automatic hardware arming and interactive data analysis allow beam composition to be computed between tokamak shots for use in analyzing plasma heating experiments. Measurements have been made using lines of sight into both the neutralizer and the drift duct. Analysis of the data from the drift duct is both simpler and more accurate since only neutral particles are present in the beam at this location. Comparison of the data taken at these two locations reveals the presence of partially accelerated particles possessing an estimated 1/e half-angle divergence of 15° and accounting for up to 30% of the extracted power from the short pulse ion sources. Operation with long pulse ion sources indicates a higher atomic composition, fewer partially accelerated particles, and somewhat reduced neutralization line densities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139416
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TFTR neutral beam injected power measurement (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 60 (1989), S. 3377-3385 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Energy flow within TFTR neutral beamlines is measured with a waterflow calorimetry system capable of simultaneously measuring the energy deposited within four heating beamlines (three ion sources each), or of measuring the energy deposited in a separate neutral beam test stand. Of the energy extracted from the ion source on the well-instrumented test stand, 99.5±3.5% can be accounted for. When the ion deflection magnet is energized, however, 6.5% of the extracted energy is lost. This loss is attributed to a spray of devious particles onto unmonitored surfaces. A 30% discrepancy is also observed between energy measurements on the internal beamline calorimeter and energy measurements on a calorimeter located in the test stand target chamber. Particle reflection from the flat plate calorimeter in the target chamber, which the incident beam strikes at a near-grazing angle of 12°, is the primary loss of this energy. A slight improvement in energy accountability is observed as the beam pulse length is increased. This improvement is attributed to systematic error in the sensitivity of the energy measurement to small fluctuations in the supply water temperature. An overall accuracy of 15% is estimated for the total power injected into TFTR. Contributions to this error are uncertainties in the beam neutralization efficiency, reionization and beam scrape-off in the drift duct, and fluctuations in the temperature of the supply water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140533
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamics of vortices in the plane (1994)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 35 (1994), S. 1171-1184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: The thermodynamics of vortices in the critically coupled Abelian Higgs model, defined on the plane, are investigated by placing N vortices in a region of the plane with periodic boundary conditions: a torus. It is noted that the moduli space for N vortices, which is the same as that of N indistinguishable points on a torus, fibrates into a CPN−1 bundle over the Jacobi manifold of the torus. The volume of the moduli space is a product of the area of the base of this bundle and the volume of the fiber. These two values are determined by considering two 2-surfaces in the bundle corresponding to a rigid motion of a vortex configuration, and a motion around a fixed center of mass. The partition function for the vortices is proportional to the volume of the moduli space, and the equation of state for the vortices is P(A−4π N)=NT in the thermodynamic limit, where P is the pressure, A the area of the region of the plane occupied by the vortices, and T the temperature. There is no phase transition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.530633
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High power continuous wave microwave system at 3.7 GHz (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 1869-1875 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) system is an important system in superconducting steady state tokamak (SST-1). It is used to drive and maintain the plasma current for 1000 s with a duty cycle of 17%. The LHCD system is being designed to launch 1 MW of radio frequency (rf) power at 3.7 GHz. The rf source is comprised of two high power klystron amplifiers, each capable of delivering 500 kW rf power. In this article, the results obtained during installation and commissioning of these klystrons are presented. Two klystrons (model TH2103D) have been successfully installed and commissioned on dummy loads, delivering ∼200 kW power for more than 1000 s. The maximum output power that could be obtained is limited due to the available direct current (dc) power supply. The test system is comprised of a TH2103D klystron, a low power rf (3.7 GHz/25 W) source, two high power four port circulators, two high power dual directional couplers, two arc detector systems, and two dummy water loads. To avoid rf breakdown in the rf components of the transmission line, the system has been pressurized with dry air to 3 bar. To energize and operate the klystron, a high voltage dc power supply, a magnet power supply, an ion pump power supply, a −65 kV floating anode modulator power supply, and a filament power supply are used. An arc detector unit has been installed to detect and initiate action within a few microseconds to protect the klystron, waveguides, and other rf passive components during arcing. To protect the klystron in the event of an arc, a fast responding (〈10 μs), rail gap based pressurized crowbar unit has been used. The entire system is water cooled to avoid excess temperature rise during high power continuous wave operation of the klystron and other rf components. The tube requires initial conditioning. Thereafter, the output rf power is studied as a function of beam parameters such as cathode voltage and beam current. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1347373
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  • 7
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    Turbulent transport in the core of a trailing half-delta-wing vortex (1999)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-05-25
    Description: The development of a turbulent streamwise vortex core in the wake of a half delta wing has been examined using high-resolution DPIV. The objective of this work was to gain understanding of the transport processes at work a short distance downstream of the wing trailing edge as the wake vortex developed. Experiments were conducted in the Rutgers Free Surface Water Tunnel using an in-house DPIV system. A turbulent streamwise vortex was generated by a half delta wing, with 44 cm chord length and 60° sweep angle, mounted at 30° angle of attack. Reynolds number based on chord length was 65 000. Laser sheets oriented perpendicular to the flow direction were positioned 1, 3.5, and 7 chord lengths downstream of the wing trailing edge. Instantaneous vortex centres were identified in order to track vortex meandering as well as for better quantification of turbulence levels in the vortex core. Mean and fluctuating turbulence terms in the mean streamwise vorticity transport equation along with turbulent kinetic energy dissipation and production were evaluated relative to an inertial reference frame as well as relative to a vortex-centred frame. The results of this analysis highlight the importance of this near-wake region to the downstream evolution of the trailing vortices. There is a high degree of dissipation as well as streamwise vorticity convection in the very near wake which decreases rapidly with increasing distance from the trailing edge.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7645
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 8
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    Hatchability of layers' eggs stored and incubated in different positions at 5500 altitude (1992)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-02-01
    Description: SUMMARYThe hatchability of layers' eggs stored and incubated in different positions was examined at the Defence Agricultural Research Laboratory, Almora, India (5500' above sea level) in 1990. Hatchability was found to be highest in the eggs stored and incubated with their narrow end up and lowest in eggs stored and incubated horizontally.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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