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  • Articles  (37)
  • Springer  (29)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (7)
  • Cambridge University Press  (1)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying  (37)
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  • Articles  (37)
Journal
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Architectural research quarterly 2 (1996), S. 84-90 
    ISSN: 1359-1355
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: This paper explores thermal comfort, following recent renewed interest in thermal comfort standards. It also reports on findings from the Thermal Comfort Task in the EU funded PASCOOL project which had an overall objective of promoting passive cooling and avoiding air conditioning. Finally, some tentative conclusions are developed together with their implications for architectural design.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    GPS solutions 3 (1999), S. 32-41 
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: The hybridization of GPS with GLONASS has formed a first stage in GNSS development. We examine the performance of the hybrid system in the position domain for both code and carrier phase cases. Several major differences exist between GPS and GLONASS; most significant is GLONASS's signal frequency diversity, which can lead to measurement bias, particularly so when a pair of receivers are operating at different temperatures. Unless signal frequency diversity is addressed either on-receiver or at the data processing stage, positioning errors can occur at the centimeter level. We outline the difficulties of combining observations from the two systems and discuss how these may be overcome. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1572-9435
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1572-9435
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1572-9435
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 4 (1980), S. 333-359 
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: The analysis of the stability of slopes using limiting equilibrium considerations necessitates the determination of the critical slip surface which yields the minimal factor of safety. The numerous methods currently available for slope stability analysis provide a procedure for assigning a factor of safety to a given slip surface, but do not consider the problem of identifying the critical conditions.This paper presents an effective minimization procedure based on dynamic programming by which the minimal factor of safety, and the corresponding surface, are determined simultaneously. This procedure SSDP (Slope Stability by Dynamic Programming), couples the minimization scheme with Spencer's method of slope stability analysis. It may be applied to slopes of any geometry, layering, pore pressure and external load distributions. No arbitrary restrictions are placed on the shape of the slip surfaces, and the analysis satisfies all equilibrium equations.Application of the procedure to slope stability problems reported in the literature shows that for a given slip surface the procedure yields factors of safety which are almost identical to those reported, but in every case a more critical slip surface, with a lower factor of safety, may be found.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 7 (1983), S. 385-393 
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 9 (1985), S. 199-223 
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: A 3-D mathematical approach to slope stability, which is based on limiting equilibrium and variational analysis, is presented. In the initial formulation there are three unknown functions: the slip surface, the normal stress and the shear stress direction over this surface. The minimum factor of safety is sought through variational extremization. The analysis indicates that the factor of safety is independent of the normal stress distribution over the critical slip surface. It also indicates that the direction of the elementary shear force over the slip surface depends on the slip surface function, but not on the normal stress function. The analysis yields a non-linear first order partial differential equation, relating the slip surface and its first partial derivatives. By limiting the analysis to symmetrical problems an ordinary differential equation, governing the slip surface path on the plane of symmetry, is derived. This equation enables the development of a numerical procedure to determine the minimal factor of safety of symmetrical 3-D slopes. Two possible failure modes are determined for homogeneous slopes. One mode consists of finite 3-D sliding body and the second represents cylindrical failure. Numerical analyses for some simple cases, of homogencous slopes are presented.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 8 (1984), S. 167-185 
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: The restrictions imposed by the form-invariance principle on the structure of the elasto-plastic constitutive law for small strains are examined. It is shown that the yield and plastic potential functions may depend on the joint invariants of the stress and plastic strain tensors in addition to their dependence on the direct invariants of these tensors and additional scalar hardening parameters such as the plastic work; inclusion of the joint invariants as parameters in the constitutive functions allows for induced anisotropy during plastic deformation. It is demonstrated that the physical meaning of the joint invariants is related to the deviation of the principal directions of the stress tensor from those of the plastic strain tensor. It is also shown that only three cases of anisotropy (orthorhombic, transverse and isotropy) are possible in the types of material models discussed herein. The model proposed in this paper does not imply coaxiality between the principal directions of the stress and, plastic strain increment tensors; however, implications of the assumption of coaxiality on the structure of the constitutive equations is investigated. It is shown that coaxiality does not necessarily imply isotropy, but no deviations from coaxiality can be expected in isotropic materials.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 17 (1993), S. 15-43 
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: The current state of art for limit equilibrium analysis of slope stability problems lacks a satisfactory procedure for stability evaluation under general, rapid (undrained) loading conditions. Some procedures are available for the analysis of rapid drawdown, but these suffer from several shortcomings and, furthermore, are not applicable to other types of rapid loading. An approach is presented which overcomes these limitations. The approach integrates four components-establishment of soil behaviour on the basis of laboratory testing, estimation of steady-state conditions in the slope using a boundary value analysis, estimation of distribution of undrained strength in the slope using undrained stress paths, and identification of the critical slip surface followed by calculation of its factor of safety. The approach is illustrated through its application to the stability analysis of an earth dam under rapid drawdown and earthquake conditions.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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