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  • 1
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    Role of pncA gene mutations W68R and W68G in Pyrazinamide resistance (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-06
    Description: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) resistance towards anti-tuberculosis drugs is a widespread problem. Pyrazinamide (PZA) is a first line antitubercular drug that kills semi-dormant bacilli when converted into its activated form i.e. pyrazinoic acid (POA) by Pyrazinamidase (PZase) enzyme coded by pnc A gene. In this study, we conducted several analyses on native and mutant structures (W68R, W68G) of PZase before and after docking with the PZA drug to explore the molecular mechanism behind PZA resistance caused due to pnc A mutations. Structural changes caused by mutations were studied with respect to their effects on functionality of protein. Docking was performed to analyze the protein-drug binding and comparative analysis was done to observe how the mutations affect drug binding affinity and binding site on protein. Native PZase protein was observed to have the maximum binding affinity in terms of docking score as well as shape complementarity in comparison to the mutant forms. Molecular dynamics simulation analyses showed that mutation in the 68 th residue of protein results in a structural change at its active site which further affects the biological function of protein i.e. conversion of PZA to POA. Mutations in the protein thereby led to PZA resistance in the bacterium due to the inefficient binding. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
    Electronic ISSN: 0091-7419
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley
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  • 2
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    Mechanistic principles behind molecular mechanism of Rifampicin resistance in mutant RNA polymerase beta subunit of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2017)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2017-05-10
    Description: Evolution of drug resistant Mycobacterium strains threatens the TB treatment and control programs globally. Rifampicin (RIF) is an important first line antitubercular drug. Resistance to Rifampicin is caused mainly by mutations in its target RNA polymerase beta subunit protein (RpoB). RpoB contains a Rifampicin resistance determining region (RRDR) and has several potent sites for mutations. In this study, we have investigated mutations of a single site (H451) to eight different amino acids, involved in RIF resistance. Long term molecular dynamics simulations were performed on wild type (WT) and mutant protein structures and various structural analysis were carried out to elucidate the dynamic behaviour of WT and mutant forms. Essential dynamics uncovered the difference in conformational flexibility and collective modes of motions between WT and mutants. MMPBSA calculations and interaction pattern analysis revealed the binding site relocation in some mutants. This study presents an exhaustive analysis of RIF binding to the WT and mutant RpoB and clearly highlights structural mechanism for differences in stable binding of Rifampicin with WT than the mutant targets. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
    Electronic ISSN: 0091-7419
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley
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  • 3
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    Double Mutants in DNA Gyrase Lead to Ofloxacin Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2017)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-02
    Description: Fluoroquinolones are among the most important classes of highly effective antibacterial drugs, exhibiting wide range of activity to cure infectious diseases. Ofloxacin is second generation fluoroquinolone approved by FDA for the treatment of tuberculosis by selectively inhibiting DNA gyrase. However, the emergence of drug resistance owing to mutations in DNA gyrase poses intimidating challenge for the effective therapy of this drug. The double mutants GyrA A90V GyrB D500N and GyrA A90V GyrB T539N arereported to be implicated in conferring higher levels of OFX resistance. The present study was designed to unravel the molecular principles behind development of resistance by the bug against fluoroquinolones. Our results highlighted that polar interactions play critical role in the development of drug resistance and highlight the significant correlation between the free energy calculations predicted by MM-PBSA and stability of the ligand-bound complexes. Modifications at the OFX binding pocket due to amino acid substitution leads to fewer hydrogen bonds in mutants DNA gyrase-OFX complex, which determined the low susceptibility of the ligand in inhibiting the mutant protein. Thisstudy provides a structural rationale to the mutation-based resistance to ofloxacin and will pave way for development potent fluoroquinolone-based resistant-defiant drugs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
    Electronic ISSN: 0091-7419
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley
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  • 4
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    Role ofpncA gene mutations W68R and W68G in pyrazinamide resistance (2017)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0730-2312
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-4644
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley
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  • 5
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    Mechanistic Principles Behind Molecular Mechanism of Rifampicin Resistance in Mutant RNA Polymerase Beta Subunit ofMycobacterium tuberculosis (2017)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2017-06-09
    Print ISSN: 0730-2312
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-4644
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley
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  • 6
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    Double Mutants in DNA Gyrase Lead to Ofloxacin Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-03
    Print ISSN: 0730-2312
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-4644
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Occurrence of Biogenic Calcian Struvite, (Mg, Ca)NH4PO4.6H2O, as Intracellular Crystals in Paramecium (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 44 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . Intracellular crystals are conspicuous refractile “inclusion bodies” commonly found in many protozoans, but very few have been identified mineralogically. We have isolated crystals from axenically grown mass cultures of Paramecium tetraurelia, and purified them using differential centrifugation. The crystals’ structure and chemistry were analyzed using x-ray powder diffraction and energy-dispersive electron microprobe techniques. The morphology was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy. The crystals were identified as the orthorhombic mineral, calcian struvite, (Mg, Ca)NH4PO4.6H2O. Struvite from P. tetraurelia exhibited a variety of crystal habits, including hemimorphic forms, epitactic overgrowths and several types of twins. A linear correlation between computed hydration number and Mg content suggests that the crystal composition may reflect the range of conditions under which struvite nucleation and growth occur. The mineral struvite also occurs in association with guano and other rich organic products, and can be biologically induced to precipitate extracellularly. Extracellular struvite has been well characterized in pathogenic calculi (kidney stones) of humans and cats, where precipitation is enhanced by bacterial urease activity that produces ammonia in the urinary tract. This is the first study demonstrating that struvite is also biologically controlled to form as an intracellular mineral. These crystals may have formed within lipid-rich, membrane-bound vesicles in Paramecium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1997.tb05679.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Empirically Derived Model for the Adoption of Customer-based Interorganizational Systems (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Decision sciences 24 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-5915
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Information systems (IS) researchers are now calling for the need to draw from the empirically rich field of organizational innovation. As the impact of strategic systems is increasingly being felt by organizations, the view that these systems are innovations or innovative uses of technology is becoming prevalent. Customer based interorganizational systems (CIOS) represent one of the most prominent types of such systems. This research investigates CIOS adoption. A model is constructed based on significant studies in innovation to identify factors facilitating the adoption decision of a CIOS. Data are gathered from 226 senior executives. Discriminant analysis is used to identify factors that distinguish adopters from nonadopters. Factor analysis of significant variables yielded a parsimonious model of CIOS adoption. The five factor model includes (1) a proactive technological orientation and (2) an internal push for the system as the two most significant sets of facilitators. Implications for research and practice are then discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1993.tb01295.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Framework for Examining the Interface between Operations and Information Systems: Implications for Research in the New Millennium (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Decision sciences 30 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-5915
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Even though much research has been published in operations and information systems, both functional areas find their roots in other disciplines. While operations management evolved from operations research in the 1960s, the field of information systems is of more recent vintage and traces its original roots to computer science. Both disciplines now naturally have come closer together as information and process-technology-based changes force manufacturing firms to become more efficient and customer focused. Market and technology-driven e-commerce initiatives that are likely to dominate business strategies in the future cannot be successfully achieved without a successful integration of operations and information systems. In this paper, we present a unifying framework that can be used to better understand the management of the functional interface between operations and information systems. We also categorize and highlight the contributions of the articles that appear in this special research focus issue. Finally, research directions that emerge from our understanding of this interface are outlined in an effort to stimulate further thinking and research that can advance our knowledge of this interface area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1999.tb00913.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Industry-Level Impact of Information Technology: An Empirical Analysis of Three Industries (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Decision sciences 26 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-5915
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: As noted by several observers, information technology (IT) has rapidly evolved from “part of the organizational overhead” into a strategic resource capable of changing patterns of competition within industries [8, p. 275]. However, while this evolution has become part of the fabric for literature exploring the strategic impact of IT, very few studies have been undertaken to determine the specific influence(s) of technology-based competition on industry structure. The development of analytical frames for capturing aspects of industry behavior provides a potentially powerful tool for evaluating the influence strategic IT initiatives may have on current bases of competition. Drawing from the theoretical disciplines of industrial economics and strategic management, this study develops a framework for analyzing longitudinal changes in industry structure. Working within this frame, the study then analyzes the nature and change of structure in three industries during and after the introduction of strategic information technology. The findings suggest that in each of these industries structural characteristics were dramatically altered subsequent to the introduction of competitive-based IT. In two of the industries (airlines and industrial chemicals), early adopters broke away from other industry participants, in effect, forming unique bases of competition. In the remaining industry (drug wholesalers), previously distinct bases of competition consolidated, resulting in a more competitive industry structure than that which existed prior to the technological innovation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1995.tb01432.x
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