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  • Korea  (7)
  • permeability  (7)
  • Springer  (14)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence of human foamy virus-related sequences in the Korean population (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of biomedical science 5 (1998), S. 267-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0127
    Keywords: Grave's disease ; Human foamy virus ; Korea ; Molecular epidemiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The possible association of human foamy virus (HFV) with human thyroid disorders such as Graves' disease (GD) has been a topic of controversy due to the inconsistent results reported by several groups of investigators. Here we report the investigation of the presence of HFV-related sequences in the Korean population. DNA was obtained from peripheral blood lymphocytes from 24 GD patients and 23 healthy blood donors and subjected to PCR amplification using three sets of nested primers derived fromgag, env, and LTR regions of the HFV genome. Contrary to previously reported studies, our analysis identified HFV-related sequences in the genomes of both healthy individuals and the GD patients. However, the nature of the HFV genome present in each group appeared to be different. We detected all 3 regions of HFV-related sequences in 29% of the HFV-positive GD patients, while no samples in the control group amplified all three regions. This suggests that the LTR may be used as a tool for screening for HFV in GD patients. Our data favor the hypothesis of a relationship between GD and the presence of HFV-related sequences, though in a complex way.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02255858
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of a Human Bio-Engineered Skin Equivalent for Drug Permeation Studies (2000)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 17 (2000), S. 1092-1097 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: drug delivery systems ; skin alternatives ; transdermal drug delivery ; permeability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. To test the barrier function of a bio-engineered human skin (BHS) using three model drugs (caffeine, hydrocortisone, and tamoxifen) in vitro. To investigate the lipid composition and microscopic structure of the BHS. Methods. The human skin substitute was composed of both epidermal and dermal layers, the latter having a bovine collagen matrix. The permeability of the BHS to three model drugs was compared to that obtained in other percutaneous testing models (human cadaver skin, hairless mouse skin, and EpiDerm™). Lipid analysis of the BHS was performed by high performance thin layered chromatrography. Histological evalulation of the BHS was performed using routine H&E staining. Results. The BHS mimicked human skin in terms of lipid composition, gross ultrastructure, and the formation of a stratum corneum. However, the permeability of the BHS to caffeine, hydrocortisone, and tamoxifen was 3-4 fold higher than that of human cadaver skin. Conclusions. In summary, the results indicate that the BHS may be an acceptable in vitro model for drug permeability testing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026405712870
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metal contamination of soils and dusts in Seoul metropolitan city, Korea (1995)
    Springer
    Environmental geochemistry and health 17 (1995), S. 139-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2983
    Keywords: Metal contamination ; Seoul ; Korea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To investigate the dispersion patterns and the characteristics of heavy metal contamination due to urbanisation and industrialisation, soils and dusts collected from the Seoul area were analysed for Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd. The metal concentrations in most soils and dusts are higher than the world averages. The pollution index ((Σ Metal concentrations in soils/Permissible level for metal)÷(Number of metals)) of soils and dusts is 〉 1 in most of the Seoul area, a result that concurs with the industrialisation and urbanisation index of the Seoul area. The soils are contaminated with Cu, Zn, Cd and particularly Pb. This suggests that the contamination of the soils in the Seoul area are mainly caused by vehicular emissions. The pollution index of soil is the highest in the Kuro area where Cu and Zn contamination in soils are due to the indigenous brass and bronze factories. From the discriminant analysis, the Seoul area may be partitioned into control, traffic and industrialized areas by the metal concentrations in the order of Zn 〉 Cu 〉 Pb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00126082
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new model for impregnation mechanisms in different GF/PP commingled yarns (1994)
    Springer
    Applied composite materials 1 (1994), S. 351-371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4897
    Keywords: commingled yarn ; impregnation ; consolidation ; thermoplastics ; processing ; permeability ; mechanical testing ; mathematical modelling ; compression moulding ; glass fibre bed
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Impregnation mechanisms of different kinds of GF/PP commingled yarns have been studied. As the reinforcing fibres were always the same, a global description has been worked out. Two different mathematical approaches for fibre bed permeability (Kozeny-Carman and Gutowski) were compared. The constants of the applied mathematical models have to stay the same if the fibre reeinforcement and the fibre arrangement is the same. Neither the kind of matrix, nor the fibre volume content may change these constants. Differences in the degree of impregnation after the same process conditions can be only due to different sizes of fibre agglomerations, thus the initial distribution of reinforcing fibres and matrix. For an exact determination of impregnation times and conditions the exact distribution of fibres in the intermediate material and after processing has to be known. This distribution is determined by SEM microscopy and data given from the material supplier. The importance of different process parameters, such as temperature, pressure, processing time is weighted by determining the density and mechanical properties of the specimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00568041
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development and Characterization of Rabbit Tracheal Epithelial Cell Monolayer Models for Drug Transport Studies (1995)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 12 (1995), S. 1499-1505 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: tracheal epithelial cells ; air-interfaced culture ; ion transport ; drug transport ; permeability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. The objective of this study was to investigate how culture conditions would affect the morphological, functional, and permeability characteristics of rabbit tracheal epithelial cell layers being considered for drug transport studies. Methods. Rabbit tracheocytes were isolated by protease treatment and plated onto collagen-treated permeable supports at 1.3 × 106 cells/cm2. After 24 hr, cell layers were cultured either air-interfaced (AIC) on their apical surface or under conventional liquid covered conditions (LCC). Results. Scanning electron microscopy revealed mature cilia in AIC cell layers and ciliated cells denuded of cilia in LCC cell layers. Compared with LCC, AIC cell layers (n = 20) achieved a significantly higher peak equivalent short-circuit current (74.1 ± 6.5 vs. 51.6 ± 3.4 µA/cm2), a higher potential difference (70.9 ± 2.8 vs. 60.5 ± 3.0 mV), and a lower peak transepithelial electrical resistance (1.1 ± 0.03 vs. 1.5 ± 0.02 kohms,cm2). About 70% of the short-circuit current in AIC was amiloride-sensitive whereas 〈10% was furosemide-sensitive, similar to that found in native tissue. The corresponding values in LCC were 50% and 46%. The permeability of both AIC and LCC to lipophilic solutes (dexamethasone and propranolol) was similar, whereas the permeability of hydrophilic solutes (mannitol, sucrose, and albuterol) in AIC was only half that in LCC. Conclusions. Given the striking similarity in morphological and functional characteristics of the AIC to those in the in vivo situation, the AIC is favored as an in vitro model for future drug transport studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016291522345
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relations Between Stock Returns and Fundamental Variables: Evidence from a Segmented Market (1999)
    Springer
    Asia Pacific financial markets 6 (1999), S. 221-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6946
    Keywords: book-to-market ; explanatory factors ; Korea ; stock returns
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract This study examines relations between stock returns and potential explanatory factors in Korea, an important and segmented emerging market. Our results show that Korean stock returns in general and returns on stocks listed in Section 1 in particular are significantly positively related to book-to-market, sales-price, and debt-equity ratios, but not significantly related to market value of equity. Returns on stocks listed in Section 2 are, however, negatively related to market value of equity and not significantly related to the other three variables. Among the variables investigated by us, book-to-market ratio has the greatest explanatory power for stock returns and it indicates superior returns for value stocks. Our findings strengthen the international evidence of the role of book-to-market ratio in explaining stock returns by demonstrating its significance even in the segmented Korean market.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010071921399
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cereport™ (RMP-7) Increases the Permeability of Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Monolayers1 (1999)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 16 (1999), S. 1360-1365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: Cereport ; bradykinin B2 receptor ; human ; brain endothelium ; permeability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. To study Cereport (RMP-7, bradykinin B2 agonist) effects on human brain microvascular endothelial cell (HBMEC) monolayer permeability. Methods. HBMEC grown on transwell membranes were exposed to Cereport. The monolayer permeability was determined with [I4C]-inulin (MW. 5,200) and [3H]-dextran (MW. 70,000). Results. Cereport increased the HBMEC permeability to [l4C]-inulin, but not to [3H]-dextran. The effect was transient, maximal at 15 min (i.e., 79.3% increase), and polarized to the basolateral membrane. An inverted U, dose-response curve was observed with active concentrations of Cereport from 0.01 to 0.5 nmol/L, the plateau maximal effect between 0.5 and 10 nmol/L, and loss of activity at the highest concentration, i.e., 20 nmol/L. Cyclic AMP-specific phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) inhibitor rolipram (10 μmol/L) abolished Cereport effects, while cGMP-specific PDE5 inhibitor, zaniprast (50 μmol/L) enhanced by 31 % (p 〈 0.05) the effect of 0.1 nmol/L Cereport. Unlabeled Cereport displaced [12 5I]-bradykinin and/or [125I]-Cereport from the basolateral side. There was no specific Cereport binding to the apical side. Conclusions. Cereport exerts specific time, dose and size dependent actions on HMBEC monolayer that are restricted to the basolateral membrane. Its effects can be further modulated through changes in cAMP and cGMP second messenger systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018938722768
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bdelloid rotifers from Korea (2000)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 439 (2000), S. 91-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Rotifera ; Bdelloidea ; Korea ; taxonomy ; biogeography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Twenty-five samples from 18 terrestrial and/or freshwater habitats in the eastern part of Korea yielded 38 new records of bdelloid rotifers, 22 of which are new to the Asian fauna. Among these Korean new records, Dissotrocha aculeata reversa Berzins and Habrotrocha plana Milne were recorded outside their type localities for the first time, and Macrotrachela bullata (Murray) was reported only from two countries after its description. Bradyscela granulosa de Koning, Habrotrocha gracilis gracilis Montet, Macrotrachela latior Donner, Philodina duplicalcar (de Koning) and P. rugosa coriacea Bryce are recorded outside Europe for the first time. The taxonomy and distribution of these rare species are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004181414535
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the mechanisms of active ion fluxes across alveolar epithelial cell monolayers (1992)
    Springer
    Methods in cell science 14 (1992), S. 187-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0603
    Keywords: transport ; epithelium ; edema ; beta-agonist ; barrier ; permeability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary To investigate the cell physiologic and biological properties of the alveolar epithelium, we studied rat alveolar epithelial cell monolayers grown on permeable supports in primary culture. Type II alveolar epithelial cells were disaggregated using elastase, and partially purified on a discontinuous metrizamide gradient. These isolated cells were plated onto tissue culture-treated Nuclepore membrane filters at 1.5×106 cells/cm2 and maintained in a humidified incubator (5% CO2 in air, 37° C). After 2 days in culture, the bathing media on both sides of the cell monolayers were changed to fresh culture medium, thus removing nonadherent cells (mostly leukocytes). These monolayers exhibit a high transmonolayer resistance (〉2000 Ω-cm2) and actively transport ions. Radionuclide flux studies indicate that Na+ is the predominant ionic species absorbed actively under baseline conditions, accounting for about 80% of the total active ion transport. Cl− seems to be passively transported across the epithelium. However, when the epithelium is exposed to a beta-agonist (terbutaline), active absorption of Na+ is increased and active absorption of Cl− occurs. Although it is clear that both active Na+ and Cl− transport are dependent on Na+/K+-ATPase activity, and that Na+ enters cells predominantly through channels, the specific mechanisms by which Cl− enters and exits the alveolar epithelial cells remain unclear. The stimulated reabsorption of Na+ and Cl− may be important in helping to remove excess fluid from alveolar air spaces in the lung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01409010
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effective Thermal Conductivity and Permeability of Aluminum Foam Materials1 (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 21 (2000), S. 453-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: aluminum foam metal ; effective thermal conductivity ; friction factor ; permeability ; pressure loss
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An experimental measurement program was performed to determine thermophysical properties of aluminum-based foam metals. The effective thermal conductivity k e and permeability K were investigated in detail. Experimental facilities were fabricated, and the measurement procedures and methodologies were evaluated. One-dimensional heat conduction was considered to determine k e . The results indicate that k e increases as the porosity ε decreases. However, no noticeable changes in k e were detected from variations of the cell size of the foam metal at a fixed porosity ε. The permeability K is substantially affected by both ε and the cell size. An empirical correlation for the friction factor f is proposed based on the concepts of K and inertial effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006643815323
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