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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 39 (1993), S. 148-154 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Fermentation characteristics of Clostridium acetobutylicum B18 were studied in batch experiments with and without pH control. This strain is shown to be potentially useful in simultaneous acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation-separation systems because of its low acid production. In a pH-uncontrolled batch culture this strain produced mostly solvents, including 15 g/l of butanol. Ethanol production was low. Strain B18 recycled organic acids more efficiently than other strains. In particular, butyric acid was completely recycled when glucose was not limiting. Yield of liquid products (solvents plus organic acids) and carbon recovery in total products (gas plus liquid) were 33.1–36.4 wt% and 90–91 mol%, respectively, for 20–80 g/l of initial glucose. Glucose consumption and the percentage of butanol among solvents were higher at 32°C than at 37°C. Strain B18 required approximately 0.4 g/l of undissociated butyric acid at the onset of solvent production in pH-uncontrolled batch culture. The low undissociated butyric acid requirement enabled this strain to produce 13.8 g/l of butanol at a controlled pH of 6.0.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 13 (1994), S. 459-463 
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Coleus blumei ; Rosmarinic acid ; Immobilization ; DMSO ; Luffa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Permeabilized Coleus blumei cells were cultivated in an immobilized state to study the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) concentrations and growth regulators on cell growth and rosmarinic acid (RA) production characteristics. Luffa (the fibrous skeleton of mature fruit of Luffa cylindrica) was a good support matrix for cell immobilization because of its high void volume. Maximum cell loading capacity was 1.33 g dry cell weight (DCW)/g dry Luffa. The experiments were done in shake flasks with no free medium. The medium was supplied in a fed-batch mode to avoid the flotation of Luffa pieces. The sucrose in the medium was completely hydrolyzed to glucose and fructose without any sugar accumulation in the medium. The cell viability was slightly higher in the cells on top of the Luffa than those in the middle. Cell growth rate and rosmarinic acid (RA) production were approximately half that obtained in cell suspension cultures. Cell yield (g DCW/g glucose) was similar to that of cell suspension cultures. The absence of growth regulators did not promote an increase of RA production but did decrease the cell mass. The second step preconditioning with 0.5% DMSO did not improve the cell's adaptability to higher DMSO concentrations and the cell mass did not increase with 2.5% DMSO.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 10 (1999), S. 661-666 
    ISSN: 1573-482X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The microwave dielectric properties of (Pb1-xCax){(Fe0.5Nb0.5)1-ySny}O3 ceramics (0.4 ≤ x ≤ 0.6, y = 0.05, 0.1) and design of 900 MHz band 2-pole monoblock band pass filter (BPF) have been investigated to fabricate BPF. Single-phase specimens having orthorhombic perovskite structure similar to CaTiO3 could be obtained in the compositions of Pb1-xCax){(Fe0.5Nb0.5)1-ySny}O3 (0.4 ≤ x ≤ 0.6, y = 0.05, 0.1). The substitution of Sn for Fe0.5Nb0.5) significantly increased the quality factor Q and slightly decreased the dielectric constant (ɛr). The temperature coefficient of the resonant frequency of 0 ppm °C−1 was realized at x = 0.55 and y = 0.1. The Q · f 0 value and (ɛr) for this composition were found to be 8600 GHz and 86, respectively. A monoblock λ/4 dielectric BPF for 900 MHz band portable telephone terminal is presented. This BPF is a kind of combline filter. Computer-aided design (CAD) was used in the modeling procedure. The equivalent circuit of the monoblock BPF is represented by transmission lines and lumped elements based on Zoe and Zoo. A BPF model was designed for surface mounted device (SMD) types. The simulations of the equivalent circuit and BPF structure have been performed to optimize the filter design. Newly developed Pb0.45Ca0.55){(Fe0.5Nb0.5)0.9Sn0.1}O3 dielectric materials were used for BPF fabrication. Experimental results of the fabricated device were in good agreement with the simulation.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: Autographa california nuclear polyhedrosis viruses ; insect cells ; recombinant alkaline phosphatase ; separation efficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Recombinant alkaline phosphatase expressed in insect cells was concentrated by a factor of one and half times at a separation efficiency of 54.2% using hydrogel ultrafiltration. Enzyme concentration was confirmed by SDS-PAGE as well as by spectrophotometric measurement. Wild and recombinant Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis viruses (AcNPV) were concentrated 1.4 and 1.6 times of the feed solution at 48.5 and 60.0% separation efficiency, respectively. Hydrogel ultrafiltration appears to be an attractive alternative for the concentration of AcNPV and recombinant proteins from insect cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Designs, codes and cryptography 9 (1996), S. 157-176 
    ISSN: 1573-7586
    Keywords: Goppa codes ; minimum distance ; BCH bound ; HT bound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A couple of new lower bounds of the minimum distance of Goppa codes is derived, using an extended field code for a Goppa code which contains the Goppa code as its subfield-subcode. Also presented are procedures for both error-only and error-and-erasure decoding for Goppa codes up to the new lower bounds, based on the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm and the Feng-Tzeng multisequence shift-register synthesis algorithms which have been used for decoding cyclic codes up to the BCH and HT(Hartmann-Tzeng) bounds.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Designs, codes and cryptography 9 (1996), S. 157-176 
    ISSN: 1573-7586
    Keywords: Goppa codes ; minimum distance ; BCH bound ; HT bound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A couple of new lower bounds of the minimum distance of Goppa codes is derived, using an extended field code for a Goppa code which contains the Goppa code as its subfield-subcode. Also presented are procedures for both error-only and error-and-erasure decoding for Goppa codes up to the new lower bounds, based on the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm and the Feng-Tzeng multisequence shift-register synthesis algorithms which have been used for decoding cyclic codes up to the BCH and HT(Hartmann-Tzeng) bounds.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular neurobiology 16 (1996), S. 499-515 
    ISSN: 1573-6830
    Keywords: neuronal NO synthase ; human retina ; RT-PCR ; RFLP ; genetic polymorphism ; CHO-K1 cell
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. The expression of neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) was studied in human retinal tissues. The cDNA sequence was cloned in human retinal poly (A)+ RNA by the RT-PCR method and encompassed an openreading frame of 4,302 bp encoding 1,434 amino acids. This sequence showed a possibility of genetic polymorphism in comparison to human brain form. 2. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns of a partial cDNA fragment suggest that there is genetic polymorphism in the neuronal form of NOS. Important differences were observed in a certain region between human retinal and brain forms. This region is a result of frame shift by the addition of three cytidines. In this study, regions from human brain (cerebellum) and skeletal muscle as well as retina were sequenced to confirm the difference in this region. The sequences from these tissues were completely identical. This indicated that genetic polymorphism of nNOS gene was due to single base substitution and not frame shift phenomenon by addition or deletion of bases. 3. The nNOS mRNA of ∼12 kb was detected by northern blot analysis. The lower level of the expression was distinguished in comparison to those of human brain and skeletal muscle. The cDNA transiently transfected into CHO-K1 cells expressed a protein which contained a significant level of NOS activity. The size of the nNOS was found to be ∼160 kDa by bothin vitro andin vivo translation systems. This NOS was calcium dependent and the Km for arginine was 4.4 μM. 4. The Ca++, L-arginine and NADPH dependency along with the inhibitory effect of N-nitro-L-arginine on NOS activity were evaluated. The finding of a constitutive form of NOS in human retina, which is calcium-NADPH dependent, gives further credence to the possible role of nitric oxide in retinal function and neuronal diseases.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-2657
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The complete amino acid sequence (1961 amino acids) of a vertebrate cellular myosin heavy chain-A was deduced from cDNA clones of a secretory rat mast cell line, the RBL-2H3 cell. The rat, human and chicken cellular myosin heavy chain-A exhibited high similarity in domains that allow binding of ATP and actin. The amino acid sequence of non-muscle myosin heavy chain-A from rat was 96% identical to that in human and 92% identical to that in chicken. Northern blot analysis of mRNA indicated the presence of single message of 7.4 kilobases. Northern blot, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot with isoform-specific antibodies indicated that RBL-2H3 cells expressed exclusively myosin heavy chain-A. Unlike rat PC12 cells, as well as a wide variety of other cultured cells and tissues, myosin heavy chain-B mRNA and protein were not detectable in RBL-2H3 cells. Because RBL-2H3 cells can be stimulated to release secretory granules as well as newly generated arachidonic acid and cytokines but lack myosin heavy chain-B, this cell line may provide a unique model to study the role of myosin heavy chain-A in cellular responses to antigen and other stimulants.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Papers in regional science 57 (1985), S. 91-105 
    ISSN: 1435-5957
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Abstract The paper addresses specific problems associated with formulating investment priorities for national road improvements in Korea. More specifically, the objectives of the paper are (1) to present a model for formulating investment priorities for road improvements that may be useful to developing countries, (2) to test the model with simplified data for deriving investment priorities for Korea's road improvements, and (3) to learn lessons that can be applicable to other developing countries with particular respect to recommending investment priorities for road improvements. The study results are useful for planners, in developing countries, and also for evaluation analysts in funding institutions who are confronted with evaluating investment priorities for deteriorating road conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 31 (1993), S. 723-728 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The present study investigates the pervaporation performance of crosslinked chitosan membrane for the dehydration of aqueous pyridine solution. The control of the degree of crosslinking contributes to an improved pervaporation performance of chitosan membranes. The chitosan membrane crosslinked with 4.515x15-4 (mol/g polymer) glutaraldehyde solution shows the separation factor of 510 and the flux of 140g/m2hr measured with 93wt% aqueous pyridine solution at 25°C.
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