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  • Ballast  (1)
  • Ethylene  (1)
  • Mesoscale activity  (1)
  • Methane  (1)
  • American Geophysical Union  (2)
  • Frontiers Media  (1)
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  • American Geophysical Union  (2)
  • Frontiers Media  (1)
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  • 1
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    Interannual variability of primary production and dissolved organic nitrogen storage in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (2012)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2012. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 117 (2012): G03019, doi:10.1029/2011JG001830.
    Description: The upper ocean primary production measurements from the Hawaii Ocean Time series (HOT) at Station ALOHA in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre showed substantial variability over the last two decades. The annual average primary production varied within a limited range over 1991–1998, significantly increased in 1999–2000 and then gradually decreased afterwards. This variability was investigated using a one-dimensional ecosystem model. The long-term HOT observations were used to constrain the model by prescribing physical forcings and lower boundary conditions and optimizing the model parameters against data using data assimilation. The model reproduced the general interannual pattern in the observed primary production, and mesoscale variability in vertical velocity was identified as a major contributing factor to the interannual variability in the simulation. Several strong upwelling events occurred in 1999, which brought up nitrate at rates several times higher than other years and elevated the model primary production. Our model results suggested a hypothesis for the observed interannual variability pattern of primary production at Station ALOHA: Part of the upwelled nitrate input in 1999 was converted to and accumulated as semilabile dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), and subsequent recycling of this semilabile DON supported enhanced primary productivity for the next several years as the semilabile DON perturbation was gradually removed via export.
    Description: This work was supported in part by the Center for Microbial Oceanography, Research and Education (C-MORE) (NSF EF-0424599), Hawaii Ocean Time series program (NSF OCE09–26766), the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and the Marine Biological Laboratory.
    Description: 2013-03-10
    Keywords: Mesoscale activity ; North Pacific Subtropical Gyre ; Dissolved organic nitrogen ; Interannual variability ; Primary production
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: text/plain
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    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Isolation and characterization of bacteria that degrade phosphonates in marine dissolved organic matter (2017)
    Frontiers Media
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Frontiers in Microbiology 8 (2017): 1786, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01786.
    Description: Semi-labile dissolved organic matter (DOM) accumulates in surface waters of the oligotrophic ocean gyres and turns over on seasonal to annual timescales. This reservoir of DOM represents an important source of carbon, energy, and nutrients to marine microbial communities but the identity of the microorganisms and the biochemical pathways underlying the cycling of DOM remain largely uncharacterized. In this study we describe bacteria isolated from the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) near Hawaii that are able to degrade phosphonates associated with high molecular weight dissolved organic matter (HMWDOM), which represents a large fraction of semi-labile DOM. We amended dilution-to-extinction cultures with HMWDOM collected from NPSG surface waters and with purified HMWDOM enriched with polysaccharides bearing alkylphosphonate esters. The HMWDOM-amended cultures were enriched in Roseobacter isolates closely related to Sulfitobacter and close relatives of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria of the Oceanospirillaceae family, many of which encoded phosphonate degradation pathways. Sulfitobacter cultures encoding C-P lyase were able to catabolize methylphosphonate and 2-hydroxyethylphosphonate, as well as the esters of these phosphonates found in native HMWDOM polysaccharides to acquire phosphorus while producing methane and ethylene, respectively. Conversely, growth of these isolates on HMWDOM polysaccharides as carbon source did not support robust increases in cell yields, suggesting that the constituent carbohydrates in HMWDOM were not readily available to these individual isolates. We postulate that the complete remineralization of HMWDOM polysaccharides requires more complex microbial inter-species interactions. The degradation of phosphonate esters and other common substitutions in marine polysaccharides may be key steps in the turnover of marine DOM.
    Description: Financial support for this work was provided by the National Science Foundation Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education (award #EF0424599 to DK and ED), the National Science Foundation HOT program (OCE-1260164 to M. J. Church and DK), the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (grants #492.01 and #3777 to ED, #3298 to DR, and #3794 to DK), and the Simons Foundation (award ID 329108 to DK, DR, and ED). Additional support was provided by the Agouron Institute through a fellowship to OS.
    Keywords: Bacterial degradation ; Dissolved organic matter (DOM) ; Phosphonate metabolism ; C-P lyase ; Methane ; Ethylene ; Oligotrophic conditions
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 3
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    Open ocean particle flux variability from surface to seafloor (2021)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-27
    Description: © The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Cael, B. B., Bisson, K., Conte, M., Duret, M. T., Follett, C. L., Henson, S. A., Honda, M. C., Iversen, M. H., Karl, D. M., Lampitt, R. S., Mouw, C. B., Muller-Karger, F., Pebody, C. A., Smith, K. L., & Talmy, D. Open ocean particle flux variability from surface to seafloor. Geophysical Research Letters, 48(9), (2021): e2021GL092895, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL092895.
    Description: The sinking of carbon fixed via net primary production (NPP) into the ocean interior is an important part of marine biogeochemical cycles. NPP measurements follow a log-normal probability distribution, meaning NPP variations can be simply described by two parameters despite NPP's complexity. By analyzing a global database of open ocean particle fluxes, we show that this log-normal probability distribution propagates into the variations of near-seafloor fluxes of particulate organic carbon (POC), calcium carbonate, and opal. Deep-sea particle fluxes at subtropical and temperate time-series sites follow the same log-normal probability distribution, strongly suggesting the log-normal description is robust and applies on multiple scales. This log-normality implies that 29% of the highest measurements are responsible for 71% of the total near-seafloor POC flux. We discuss possible causes for the dampening of variability from NPP to deep-sea POC flux, and present an updated relationship predicting POC flux from mineral flux and depth.
    Description: B. B. Cael and S. A. Henson acknowledge support from the National Environmental Research Council (NE/R015953/1) and the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (820989, project COMFORT). The work reflects only the authors' views; the European Commission and their executive agency are not responsible for any use that may be made of the information the work contains. S. A. Henson also acknowledges support from a European Research Council Consolidator grant (GOCART, agreement number 724416). C. L. Follett acknowledges support from the Simons Foundation (grants #827829 and #553242). M. H. Iversen acknowledges support from the DFG-Research Center/Cluster of Excellence “The Ocean Floor – Earth's Uncharted Interface”: EXC-2077-390741603 and the HGF Young Investigator Group SeaPump “Seasonal and regional food web interactions with the biological pump”: VH-NG-1000. M. C. Honda acknowledges financial support from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology – Japan (grants #: KAKENHI JP18H04144 and JP19H05667). M. Conte acknowledges support from the US National Science Foundation, Division of Ocean Sciences for support for the Oceanic Flux Program time-series since inception, most recently by NSF OCE grant 1829885. D. M. Karl acknowledges support from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (#3794) and the Simons Foundation (SCOPE #329108).
    Keywords: Ballast ; bathypelagic ; biogeochemistry ; log-normal ; particle flux ; variability
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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