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  • sex pheromone  (11)
  • Noctuidae  (9)
  • Ricinus  (6)
  • Springer  (23)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • Springer  (23)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • Elsevier  (1)
Years
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fine-scale resolution of closely spaced pheromone and antagonist filaments by flying male Helicoverpa zea (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 185 (1999), S. 131-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Key wordsHelicoverpa zea ; Noctuidae ; Lepidoptera ; Sex pheromone ; Antagonist
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The limits of a male moth's ability to resolve closely spaced odor filaments have been investigated. Male Helicoverpa zea normally respond to their conspecific sex pheromone blend by exhibiting an upwind flight, which culminates in source contact by at least 50% of the bioassayed individuals. When loaded onto the same filter paper source containing this hitherto attractive pheromone blend, or onto a separate filter paper and co-emitted from the same pipette source with pheromone, (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate severely reduced upwind flight and source contact by male H. zea. A similar level of upwind flight inhibition was recorded when the antagonist (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate was emitted from its own point source placed 1 mm upwind of the pheromone point source, both plumes being simultaneously emitted in a continuous mode to form a confluent strand. However, (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate was less effective in reducing upwind flight and source contact when it was isolated and pulsed from its own source, placed 1 mm either upwind, downwind or cross-wind of a pipette source from which pheromone was simultaneously being pulsed, such that both filaments were separated in time by 0.001–0. 003 s. These results suggest that male H. zea are able to distinguish between odor sources separated by as little as 1 mm in space and 0.001 s in time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003590050372
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Free tryptophan and indole-3-acetic acid levels in the leaves and vascular pathways of Ricinus communis L. (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 148 (1980), S. 69-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: IAA ; Phloem sap ; Ricinus ; Tryptophan ; Xylem sap
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Levels of free tryptophan in the leaves, phloem and xylem saps of Ricinus communis L. were determined by colorimetric assay. Values of 0.38 μg ml-1 in root pressure sap and 96.0 μg ml-1 in phloem sap were recorded. Tryptophan levels were highest in mature and senescing leaves. Levels of indoleacetic acid (IAA) in the phloem sap and leaves were determined by gas chromatography—mass spectrometry using a deuterated internal standard. A mean value of 13.0 ng ml-1 was recorded in phloem sap. The distribution in the leaves showed an inverse relationship to that of tryptophan, being highest in young leaves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385444
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Latencies of behavioral response to interception of filaments of sex pheromone and clean air influence flight track shape in Heliothis virescens (F.) males (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 178 (1996), S. 831-847 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Heliothis ; Noctuidae ; Lepidoptera ; Plume structure ; Behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract 1) Male Heliothis virescens moths flew upwind to pulsed pheromone plumes. Upon truncation of the pulsed plume males flew into clean air, turning their tracks crosswind (〉 60° relative to directly upwind direction at 0°) within an average of 0.27 s, and were casting, perpendicular to the wind-line (90°), within 0.43 s. 2) The characteristic casting flight in clean air consisted of left-right crosswind reversals, continuing for many seconds without further pheromonal stimulation. Males intercepting a single strand of pheromone during casting flight responded by surging upwind (track angles 〈 60°). The phasic surge lasted only 0.38 s before reverting to crosswind flight (〉 60°). 3) Average templates of responses in two and three dimensions were created. Males controlled their vertical deviations very tightly when in contact with pheromone but upon entering clean air, lateral and vertical excursions became much greater. 4) Males failed to sustain upwind flight to repetitively pulsed plumes generated at 〈 4 filaments/s. At the threshold frequency of 4 pulses/s we show that upwind flights were composed of reiterated surges followed by crosswind casting. As the pulse frequency increased, the tracks became straighter and the single filament cast-surge-cast template could be viewed only sporadically when, for example, a male apparently failed to intercept filaments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225831
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurons discovered in male Helicoverpa zea antennae that correlate with pheromone-mediated attraction and interspecific antagonism (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 182 (1998), S. 585-594 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Key wordsHelicoverpa zea ; Noctuidae ; Lepidoptera ; Single-cell recordings ; Antennal neurons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Responses of single receptor neurons in the antennae of male Helicoverpa zea to sex pheromone components and to behavioral antagonists were recorded using a cut-sensillum extracellular recording technique. Three types of sensilla were identified from sampling 325 male-specific sensilla trichodea located at the lateral edge of antennomeres. The majority of these sensilla (71%) contained a receptor neuron tuned to the principal sex pheromone component (Z)-11-hexadecenal. A second sensillar type (10%) contained a receptor neuron that responded only to (Z)-9-tetradecenal. A third sensillar type (19%) contained a large-spiking neuron tuned to the secondary pheromone component (Z)-9-hexadecenal, but this neuron also could be stimulated to equivalent spike frequencies by the same emitted amounts of (Z)-9-tetradecenal. A smaller-spiking neuron in this sensillar type responded to two compounds known to act only as behavioral antagonists, (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-ol and (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate, and to (Z)-9-tetradecenal. Cross-adaptation studies confirmed the presence of one large- and one small-spiking neuron in the third sensillar type. Dose-response studies correlated to collected stimuli amounts showed that the large-spiking neuron in the third sensillar type was equally tuned to (Z)-9-hexadecenal and (Z)-9-tetradecenal, whereas the smaller-spiking neuron was far more sensitive to (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-ol and to (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate than to (Z)-9-tetradecenal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003590050205
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determinations of indole-3-acetic acid in xylem sap of Ricinus communis L. using mass fragmentography (1979)
    Springer
    Planta 144 (1979), S. 299-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin ; Mass fragmentography ; Ricinus ; Xylem sap
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mass fragmentography employing a deuterated internal standard was used to make quantitative analyses of indole-3-acetic acid in xylem sap collected from Ricinus communis L. When contamination of the sap by microorganisms was reduced by frequent collection, levels of IAA were found to be less than 0.5 ng ml-1. It is therefore proposed that the transpiration stream does not play a significant role in the transport of IAA within the plant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00388773
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proton co-transport of sugars in phloem loading (1977)
    Springer
    Planta 135 (1977), S. 297-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Phloem-loading ; Proton co-transport ; Ricinus ; Sugar transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Loading of 14C-labelled sugars from the hollow petiole of Ricinus communis L. was stimulated by potassium and by low pH in that both the 14C-activity and the sugar concentration of phloem sap collected from a nearby incision increased. A pH drop was observed in the solution perfusing a hollow petiole. This pH drop was greater in the presence of potassium and less in the presence of sugars, while the uncoupler CCCP induced a pH rise in the perfusing solution. Sugars were detected in the perfusing solution when it was buffered at pH〉9. A model is proposed for a proton co-transport of sugars from the free space driven by a linked proton efflux/potassium influx pump.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384903
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antagonistic Effect of (Z)-11-Hexadecen-1-ol on the Pheromone-Mediated Flight of Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 12 (1999), S. 701-710 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: Helicoverpa zea ; upwind flight ; sex pheromone ; antagonist ; wind tunnel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Flight-tunnel experiments were conducted using Helicoverpa zea males to determine whether or not (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-ol (Z11-16:OH), a compound emitted by another heliothine moth species, Heliothis subflexa, is a behavioral antagonist when admixed with the two-component pheromone blend of H. zea. Males were less likely to fly upwind all the way to the source when 0.3% Z11-16:OH was present in the blend. Even 0.1% Z11-16:OH caused differences in the flight behavior of H. zea males; they steered more off the windline than males responding to the pheromone blend alone, resulting in more oblique track angles. Thus Z11-16:OH appears to act antagonistically, along with another compound, (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-ol acetate (Z11-16:Ac), when it is added to the H. zea pheromone blend.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020935905506
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visual feedback in the control of pheromone-mediated flight ofHeliothis virescens males (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 7 (1994), S. 605-632 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: Heliothis ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; pheromone ; visual feedback
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract MaleHeliothis virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were made to fly into a uniformly white and translucent tube within a large wind tunnel while responding to sex pheromone. Different visual patterns placed within the tube greatly affected the ability of the male moths to maintain upwind progress or remain oriented to the wind while in contact with the plume. Over 89% of males attempting to fly through a blank tube, lacking visual patterns, became disoriented, the males gaining or losing altitude and repeatedly hitting the sides of the tube. Patterns of 20–40 dots placed on the sides of the tube at or slightly above plume level resulted in high levels of sustained upwind flight (47–74%) relative to patterns placed directly below (30–40%), directly above (35%), or slightly below the level of the flight path (26–44%). Optimal upwind progression in pheromone-responding males occurred when image motion could be resolved both transversely (T), orthogonally to the longitudinal axis of the body relative to the horizontal plane of the environment, and longitudinally (L), along the body axis. Even very sparse patterns (single rows of dots) could elicit high levels of sustained upwind flight (53–63%) when positioned within the tube such that the males' movements would create both L and T image motion. However, successful negotiation of the tube was also unexpectedly facilitated by patterns apparently providing no horizontal transverse component for flying males but providing longitudinal flow while centering the moth in the plume through a symmetrical left-right input (4–40%).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01997435
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensory cues and receptors for oviposition by Heliothis virescens (1987)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 43 (1987), S. 159-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Heliothis virescens ; Tobacco budworm ; Noctuidae ; contact chemoreception ; olfaction ; vision ; mechanoreception ; tarsi ; antennae ; compound eyes ; ovipositor ; host finding ; cotton ; ground cherry ; soybean isolines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les différentes récepteurs sensoriels (chimique, mécanique et visuel) des femelles d'H. virescens ont été rendus inactifs par traitement à l'acide, antennotectomie ou peinture des yeux avec un enduit noir du type vernis à ongles, pour étudier le déterminisme sensoriel de la sélection des hôtes lors de la ponte; les papillons avainet le choix entre le coton (Gossypium hirsutum), sur lequel ils pondent normalement, et Physalis angulata sur lequel on n'observe pas de pontes dans la nature. Au laboratoire, à faible distance, le choix de H. virescens dépendait en premier lieu des mécanorécepteurs et des récepteurs chimiques dits de contact (gustatifs), et non de la vision ou de l'olfaction. En présence d'un certain niveau de pilosité (P. angulata possède de courts poils capités), les femelles choisissent les plantes en fonction de la perception chimique dite de contact (gustation) tant qu'une paire de tarses reste intacte. Les sensilles chimiques de l'ovitube ne semblent pas jouer un rôle important à cet égard. La discussion a examiné ces résultats à la lumière des processus sensoriels utilisés par d'autres papillons.
    Notes: Abstract When given a choice of cotton (host) and ground cherry (non host) in a close range situation, Heliothis virescens (F.), the tobacco budworm, depends primarily on contact chemoreception and mechanoreception, and not olfaction or vision, to discriminate between these two plant species for oviposition. Further, in the presence of a certain level of hairiness (the non-host plant, ground cherry, has short capitate hairs), the females are capable of discriminating between these two plants based on contact chemosensory cues, if at least one pair of tarsi is intact. The contact chemosensilla on the ovipositor do not seem to be important for this purpose. These results are discussed in relation to the sensory cues and receptors for oviposition in other Lepidoptera, especially moths.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301747
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavioral responses of maleHeliothis zea moths in sustained-flight tunnel to combinations of 4 compounds identified from female sex pheromone gland (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 10 (1984), S. 193-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Corn earworm ; Heliothis zea ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; flight tunnel ; sex pheromone ; moth behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Each of the four compounds that have been identified from sex pheromone glands ofHeliothis zea female moths was examined for its ability to elicit sexual responses from male moths in a flight tunnel. Males flew upwind to (Z)-11-hexadecenal alone, but greater levels of behavioral activity were evoked with the addition of (Z)-9-hexadecenal to the treatment. Addition of hexadecanal or (Z)-7-hexadecenal to the initial two components had no effect in raising the behavioral response of the males in the flight tunnel whether added singularly at both the normal gland-emission ratio or at varying ratios or in combination at the normal ratio. Live, calling females elicited levels of sexual activity from males not significantly different from that elicited by the mixture of (Z)-11- and (Z)-9-hexadecenal on cotton wicks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987848
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