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  • all-optical networks  (2)
  • 14C photosynthates  (1)
  • Springer  (3)
  • American Chemical Society
  • Nature Publishing Group
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  • Springer  (3)
  • American Chemical Society
  • Nature Publishing Group
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Photonic network communications 2 (2000), S. 163-184 
    ISSN: 1572-8188
    Keywords: wavelength routed optical network ; dynamic lightpath assignment ; all-optical networks
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we have studied a number of algorithms for routing in all-optical wavelength routed networks. We have considered situations where a lightpath is dynamically created in response to a request for communication and the WDM channels constituting the lightpath are reclaimed when the communication is over. We have looked at two schemes for dynamic wavelength allocation. In the first scheme we have assumed the existence of a central agent to maintain a database of existing lightpaths where the central agent attempts to generate a new lightpath in response to a request for communication. In the second scheme, we attempt to generate a new lightpath using a distributed algorithm. In the first scheme we have exploited the existence of multiple paths between any pair of nodes in a network in order to reduce the blocking probability. For the second scheme, we have proposed three distributed strategies to determine, if possible, a lightpath when there is a request for communication. Each of these strategies have their advantages and disadvantages in terms of the expected blocking probability and the set-up time. We have studied the performances of both the schemes using Monte Carlo simulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Photonic network communications 2 (2000), S. 369-382 
    ISSN: 1572-8188
    Keywords: all-optical networks ; fault management ; distributed algorithm ; dynamic routing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a distributed algorithm to determine fault avoiding routes between source-destination end-node pairs in an all-optical network. Fault-tolerant routing for WDM routed all-optical networks has not been studied in details in the literature except for using protection switching or loopback recovery. Such schemes use predetermined protection mechanism and hence assume that the protection path is not faulty. This paper considers extensions to a dynamic routing scheme (presented earlier by these authors for fault-free networks) to handle rerouting in case of fault occurrence. The performance degradations of the network because of fault occurrence are then studied in terms of blocking probability and set-up time through simulations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Photosynthetica 34 (1997), S. 419-426 
    ISSN: 1573-9058
    Keywords: CO2 enrichment ; leaf age ; mungbean ; net photosynthetic rate ; 14C photosynthates ; sink ; starch ; sugars
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Carbon allocation to the source leaf, export and partitioning to the sink were studied in mungbean supplied by additional carbon from the source leaves subjected to high CO2 concentrations (600 and 900 cm3 m-3) in three metabolic and functional source-sink combinations. The plants were pruned to a source-path-sink system. With CO2 enrichment there was an appreciable increase in net photosynthetic CO2 uptake in earlier formed and physiologically younger leaves. Most of the carbon fixed as a result of enrichment was translocated out of the source leaf within one diurnal cycle. The carbon remaining in the source leaf was unchanged. Partitioning of extra carbon into starch or sugar depended upon the amount of extra carbon synthesized. The unloading of the extra carbon into sinks depended on whether it was used for growth or stored. Under increased carbon content, the leaf as a sink was able to reorganize its metabolic reactions more rapidly to maintain the required gradient for unloading than the pod acting as the sink.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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