ALBERT — All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

1

Electronic Resource

Comparison of aminoglycoside antibiotics with respect to uptake and lethal activity in Escherichia coli (1987)

Allen, Norris E. ; Alborn, William E. ; Kirst, Herbert A. ; [et al.]

s.l. : American Chemical Society

Journal of medicinal chemistry 30 (1987), S. 333-340

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ISSN: 1520-4804

Source: ACS Legacy Archives

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00385a015

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2

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UTILIZATION OF VARIOUS CARBOHYDRATES IN FERMENTED SAUSAGE (1977)

ACTON, J. C. ; DICK, R. L. ; NORRIS, E. L.

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Journal of food science 42 (1977), S. 0

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ISSN: 1750-3841

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Notes: Various carbohydrates were tested for suitability as fermentable substrates in sausage mixes inoculated with a frozen concentrate starter culture of Pediococcus acidilactici. For sausages containing 1% of carbohydrate, fermentations at 38°C for 24 hr showed similar rates of pH reduction (approx 6.0 initial to 4.7 final) and lactic acid ýields (0% initial to 0.9% final) for dextrose and sucrose. Maltose yielded 78% as much acidity as dextrose and the final sausage mix had a pH of 4.95. Although a 24 hr pH reduction from approx 5.95 (initial) to 5.25 (final) occurred with lactose and dextrin usage, the final lactic acid levels were not significantly (P 〈 0.05) different from that of a control mix containing no added carbohydrate: The fermentation of mixes with corn syrups (DE 29, 43, 54.5, 63) showed that a greater pH reduction and higher lactic acid accumulation developed as the quantity of the “simpler” carbohydrate fraction in each syrup increased. In comparison to two control sausages (0% and 1% dextrose), sausages with 2% corn syrups (DE 29 and DE 63) had significantly (P 〈 0.05) lower shear values after 10 days of drying. No significant differences occurred in weight losses over a 30-day drying period.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1977.tb01245.x

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3

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Mechanism of action of oritavancin and related glycopeptide antibiotics (2003)

Allen, Norris E ; Nicas, Thalia I

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

FEMS microbiology reviews 26 (2003), S. 0

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ISSN: 1574-6976

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Biology

Notes: Oritavancin (LY333328) is a semisynthetic glycopeptide antibiotic having excellent bactericidal activity against glycopeptide-susceptible and -resistant Gram-positive bacteria. Oritavancin is the N-alkyl-p-chlorophenylbenzyl derivative of chloroeremomycin (LY264826) and is currently in phase III clinical trials for use in Gram-positive infections. Studies show that oritavancin and related alkyl glycopeptides inhibit bacterial cell wall formation by blocking the transglycosylation step in peptidoglycan biosynthesis in a substrate-dependent manner. As with other glycopeptide antibiotics, including vancomycin, the effects of oritavancin on cell wall synthesis are attributable to interactions with dipeptidyl residues of peptidoglycan precursors. Unlike vancomycin, however, oritavancin is strongly dimerized and can anchor to the cytoplasmic membrane, the latter facilitated by its alkyl side chain. Cooperative interactions derived from dimerization and membrane anchoring in situ can be of sufficient strength to enable binding to either dipeptidyl or didepsipeptidyl peptidoglycan residues of vancomycin-susceptible and -resistant enterococci, respectively. This review describes the antibacterial activity of oritavancin, and examines the evidence supporting the proposed mechanism of action for this agent and related analogs.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.2003.tb00628.x

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4

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Identification of antimicrobial compounds active against intracellular Staphylococcus aureus (2005)

Malouin, François ; Brouillette, Eric ; Martinez, Alejandro ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 45 (2005), S. 0

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ISSN: 1574-695X

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Small-colony variants (SCVs) of Staphylococcus aureus exhibit characteristics of bacteria that can penetrate mammalian cells and remain intracellular and innocuous for indefinite periods. These properties make SCVs a convenient tool that can be used to identify new antibacterial agents having activity against intracellular, quiescent bacteria. Agents active against SCVs could be useful in the treatment of chronic staphylococcal infections such as bovine mastitis. An hemB deletion mutant of S. aureus Newbould, a bovine mastitis isolate, having a stable, genetically defined SCV phenotype, was used in a screening program to identify compounds active against intracellular, gram-positive bacteria. Out of more than 260,000 compounds screened, nine compounds having the desired properties were identified. The range of MICs against gram-positive bacteria was ≤0.12–32 μg ml−1. One of the compounds (no. 8) showed excellent activity against gram-positive (MICs ≤0.12 μg ml−1) and gram-negative (MICs ≤0.12–4 μg ml−1) bacteria. Each of the nine compounds demonstrated efficacy in a neutropenic mouse thigh infection model. Two compounds, including compound no. 8, reduced numbers of bacteria in a mouse mastitis model of infection. Application of a stepwise screening process has identified lead compounds that may be useful for treating persistent, intracellular infections.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsim.2005.04.003

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5

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Persistence of a Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variant under antibiotic pressure in vivo (2004)

Brouillette, Eric ; Martinez, Alejandro ; Boyll, Bobbi J. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 41 (2004), S. 0

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ISSN: 1574-695X

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants (SCVs) have been implicated in chronic and persistent infections. Bovine mastitis induced by S. aureus is an example of an infection difficult to eradicate by conventional antimicrobial therapies. In this study, the ability to colonize mouse mammary glands and persist under antibiotic treatment was assessed for S. aureus Newbould and an isogenic hemB mutant, which exhibited the classical SCV phenotype. The hemB mutant showed a markedly reduced capacity to colonize tissues. However, although the hemB mutant was as susceptible as S. aureus Newbould to cephapirin in vitro, it was over a 100 times more persistent than the parental strain in the mammary glands when 1 or 2 mg kg−1 doses were administrated. These results suggest that, although the hemB mutant has a reduced ability to colonize mammary glands, the SCV phenotype may account for the persistence of S. aureus under antibiotic pressure in vivo.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsim.2003.12.007

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