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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyimides, synthesis, characterization, and applications, Volume 1. K. L. Mittal, Ed., Plenum, New York, 1984, 614 pp. Price: $89.50 (1986)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 24 (1986), S. 295-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1986.140240619
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oligomeric and Polymeric Nitrogen-Phosphorus Compounds: New Aspects of Plant Nutrition (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 8 (1969), S. 617-617 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196906172
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über oligomere und polymere Stickstoff-Phosphor-Verbindungen; neue Aspekte für die Pflanzenernährung (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 81 (1969), S. 578-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19690811522
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dünnschichtchromatographie der Chloro-Cyclophosphazene. II. Zur Trennung der Chloro-Cyclophosphazene (NPCI2)n (n=3-15)Der Hauptteil diese Beitrags wurde auf dem II. Symposium (IUPAC) über Anorganische Phosphorverbindungen, Prag 9.-13. September 1974 vorgetragen. (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 423 (1976), S. 273-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thin Layer Chromatography of Chloro-Cyclophosphazenes. II. Separation of Chloro-Cyclophosphazenes (NPCl2)n (n=3-15)Thin layer chromatography on silica gel was used for separation of higher members of homologic series of Chloro-Cyclophosphazenes. Under the indicated conditions spots of 13 substances with help of new and selective detection reagents were located. The Rf values of the substance were mathematically worked up and the probable influences that enables the separation were discussed.
    Notes: Dünnschichtchromatographie auf Silicagel wurde zur Trennung der höheren Glieder der homologen Reihe von Chloro-Cyclophosphazenen benutzt. Unter den beschriebenen Arbeitsbedingungen wurden Flecke von 13 Stoffen mit neuen empfindlichen und selektiven Nachweisverfahren ermittelt. Die Rf-Werte wurden mathematisch bearbeitet, und die wahrscheinlichen Einflusse, die die Trennung ermöglichen, wurden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19764230313
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dünnschichtchromatographie der Chloro-Cyclophosphazene. I. Zur Trennung der Oligomeren Chloro-Cyclophosphazene [NPCL2]n (n = 3 - 7)Vorgetragen auf dem II. Symposium (IUPAC) on Inorganic Phosphorous Compounds, Prag, 9.-13. September 1974. (1975)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 416 (1975), S. 187-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thin Layer Chromatography of Chloro-Cyclophosphazenes I. Separation of Oligomers [MNCL2]n (n = 3 - 7)This paper presents a separation study of cyclo-chlorophosphazenes by means of thin layer chromatography on silica gel and a new sensitive method of detection of these separated substances. The chromatographic behavior of oligomers (n = 3-7) of the homologic series [NPCL2]n was experimentally studied. The Rf values of the substances were correlated with their molecular weights. As a result a Quasi-linear function was obtained for the members with n = 4-7.
    Notes: Es wurde eine Methode zur selektiven Trennung der Chlorocyclophosphazene mittels Dünnschichtchromatographie auf Silicagel und ein neues Nachweisverfahren für diesen Verbindungstyp ausgearbeitet. Experimentell wurden die Glieder der homologen Reihe [NPCL2]n bis zum Cyclo-Heptaphosphazaheptaendekaterachlorid Getrennt. Die Rf-Werte der Homologen [NPCL2]n bis [NPCL2]7 besitzen, in Abhängigkeit von der Anzahl der Phosphoratome, einen Quasi-Linearen Verlauf.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19754160211
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  • 6
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    Salinity-dependent algae uptake and subsequent carbon and nitrogen metabolisms of two intertidal foraminifera (Ammonia tepida and Haynesina germanica) (2020)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-16
    Description: Benthic foraminifera are abundant marine protists which play an important role in the transfer of energy in the form of organic matter and nutrients to higher trophic levels. Due to their aquatic lifestyle, factors such as water temperature, salinity and pH are key drivers controlling biomass turnover through foraminifera. In this study the influence of salinity on the feeding activity of foraminifera was tested. Two species, Ammonia tepida and Haynesina germanica, were collected from a mudflat in northern Germany (Friedrichskoog) and cultured in the laboratory at 20 ∘C and a light–dark cycle of 16:08 h. A lyophilized algal powder from Dunaliella tertiolecta, which was isotopically enriched with 13C and 15N, was used as a food source. The feeding experiments were carried out at salinity levels of 11, 24 and 37 practical salinity units (PSU) and were terminated after 1, 5 and 14 d. The quantification of isotope incorporation was carried out by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Ammonia tepida exhibited a 10-fold higher food uptake compared to H. germanica. Furthermore, in A. tepida the food uptake increased with increasing salinity but not in H. germanica. Over time (from 1–5 to 14 d) food C retention increased relative to food N in A. tepida while the opposite was observed for H. germanica. This shows that if the salinity in the German Wadden Sea increases, A. tepida is predicted to exhibit a higher C and N uptake and turnover than H. germanica, with accompanying changes in C and N cycling through the foraminiferal community. The results of this study show how complex and differently food C and N processing of foraminiferal species respond to time and to environmental conditions such as salinity.
    Print ISSN: 1726-4170
    Electronic ISSN: 1726-4189
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 7
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    Increased temperature causes different carbon and nitrogen processing patterns in two common intertidal foraminifera (Ammonia tepida and Haynesina germanica) (2017)
    Copernicus
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    Publication Date: 2017-06-09
    Description: Benthic foraminifera are highly abundant heterotrophic protists in marine sediments, but future environmental changes will challenge the tolerance limits of intertidal species. Metabolic rates and physiological processes in foraminifera are strongly dependent on environmental temperatures. Temperature-related stress could therefore impact foraminiferal food source processing efficiency and might result in altered nutrient fluxes through the intertidal food web. In this study, we performed a laboratory feeding experiment on Ammonia tepida and Haynesina germanica, two dominant foraminiferal species of the German Wadden Sea/Friedrichskoog, to test the effect of temperature on phytodetritus retention. The specimens were fed with 13C and 15N labelled freeze-dried Dunaliella tertiolecta (green algae) at the start of the experiment and were incubated at 20, 25 and 30 °C respectively. Dual labelling was applied to observe potential temperature effects on the relation of phytodetrital carbon and nitrogen retention. Samples were taken over a period of 2 weeks. Foraminiferal cytoplasm was isotopically analysed to investigate differences in carbon and nitrogen uptake derived from the food source. Both species showed a positive response to the provided food source, but carbon uptake rates of A. tepida were 10-fold higher compared to those of H. germanica. Increased temperatures had a far stronger impact on the carbon uptake of H. germanica than on A. tepida. A distinct increase in the levels of phytodetrital-derived nitrogen (compared to more steady carbon levels) could be observed over the course of the experiment in both species. The results suggest that higher temperatures have a significant negative effect on the carbon exploitation of H. germanica. For A. tepida, higher carbon uptake rates and the enhanced tolerance range for higher temperatures could outline an advantage in warmer periods if the main food source consists of chlorophyte phytodetritus. These conditions are likely to impact nutrient fluxes in A. tepida/H. germanica associations.
    Print ISSN: 1726-4170
    Electronic ISSN: 1726-4189
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 8
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    Effect of increased temperature on carbon and nitrogen uptake of two intertidal foraminifera (Ammonia tepida and Haynesina germanica) (2016)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-28
    Description: Benthic foraminifera are highly abundant heterotrophic protists in marine sediments, but intertidal communities are expected to undergo future changes. Environmental changes can exceed the tolerance limits of intertidal species causing a shift in species composition which might result in altered nutrient fluxes. Factors limiting the abundance of specific foraminiferal species can be temperature related stress tolerance or food source processing efficiency. In this study, we performed a laboratory feeding experiment on Ammonia tepida and Haynesina germanica, two dominant foraminiferal species of the German Wadden Sea/Friedrichskoog, to test the effect of temperature on phytodetritus ingestion. The specimens were fed with 13C and 15N labelled freeze dried Dunaliella tertiolecta (green algae) at the start of the experiment and were incubated at 20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C respectively. Dual labelling was applied to observe potential temperature effects on the relation of phytodetrital carbon and nitrogen retention. Samples were taken over a period of two weeks. Foraminiferal cytoplasm was isotopically analysed to investigate differences in carbon and nitrogen uptake derived from the food source. Both species showed a positive response to the provided food source, but carbon uptake rates of A. tepida were 10-fold higher compared to those of H. germanica. Increased temperatures had a far stronger impact on carbon uptake of H. germanica than on A. tepida. A distinct increase in levels of phytodetrital derived nitrogen (compared to more steady carbon levels) could be observed over the course of the experiment. The results suggest that higher temperatures have a significant negative effect on the carbon exploitation of H. germanica. For A. tepida, higher carbon uptake rates and the enhanced tolerance range for higher temperatures could outline an advantage in warmer periods, if the main food source consists of chlorophyte phytodetritus. These conditions are likely to impact nutrient fluxes in A. tepida/H. germanica associations.
    Print ISSN: 1810-6277
    Electronic ISSN: 1810-6285
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 9
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    Mimicking floodplain reconnection and disconnection using 15N mesocosm incubations (2012)
    Copernicus
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    Publication Date: 2012-04-02
    Description: Floodplain restoration changes the nitrate delivery pattern and dissolved organic matter pool in backwaters but other effects are not yet well known. We performed two mesocosm experiments to quantify the nitrate metabolism in two types of floodplains. Rates of denitrification, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and anammox were measured using 15N tracer additions in mesocosms containing undisturbed floodplain sediments originating from (1) restored and (2) disconnected sites in the Alluvial Zone National Park on the Danube River downstream of Vienna, Austria. DNRA rates were an order of magnitude lower than denitrification and neither rate was affected by changes in nitrate delivery pattern or organic matter quality. Anammox was not detected at any of the sites. Denitrification was out-competed by assimilation which was estimated to use up to 70% of the available nitrate. Overall, denitrification was higher in the restored sites, with mean rates of 5.7±2.8 mmol N m−2 h−1 compared to the disconnected site (0.6±0.5 mmol N m−1 h−1). In addition, ratios of N2O : N2 were lower in the restored site indicating a more complete denitrification. Nitrate addition did not have any effect on denitrification, nor on the N2O : N2 ratio. However, DOM quality significantly changed the N2O : N2 ratio in both sites. Addition of riverine derived organic matter lowered the N2O : N2 ratio in the disconnected site, whereas addition of floodplain derived organic matter increased the N2O : N2 ratio in the restored site. These results demonstrate that increasing floodplains hydrological connection to the main river channel increases nitrogen retention and decreases nitrous oxide emissions.
    Print ISSN: 1810-6277
    Electronic ISSN: 1810-6285
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 10
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    Effects of stoichiometry and temperature perturbations on beech litter decomposition, enzyme activities and protein expression (2011)
    Copernicus
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    Publication Date: 2011-12-12
    Description: Microbes are major players in leaf litter decomposition and therefore advances in the understanding of their control on element cycling are of paramount importance. Our aim was to investigate the influence of leaf litter stoichiometry in terms of carbon (C) : nitrogen (N) : phosphorus (P) on the decomposition process, and to follow changes in microbial community structure and function in response to temperature-stress treatments. To elucidate how the stoichiometry of beech litter (Fagus sylvatica L.) and stress treatments interactively affect the decomposition processes, a terrestrial microcosm experiment was conducted. Beech litter from different Austrian sites covering C:N ratios from 39 to 61 and C:P ratios from 666 to 1729 were incubated at 15 °C and 60% moisture for six months. Part of the microcosms were then subjected to severe changes in temperature (+30 °C and −15 °C) to monitor the influence of temperature stress. Extracellular enzyme activities were assayed and respiratory activities measured. A semi-quantitative metaproteomics approach (1D-SDS PAGE combined with liquid chromatography and tandem mass-spectrometry; unique spectral counting) was employed to investigate the impact of the applied stress treatments in dependency of litter stoichiometry on structure and function of the decomposing community. In litter with narrow C:nutrient ratios microbial decomposers were most abundant. Cellulase, chitinase, phosphatase and protease activity decreased after heat and frost treatments. Decomposer communities and specific functions varied with site i.e. stoichiometry. The applied stress evoked strong changes of enzyme activities, dissolved organic nitrogen and litter pH. Freeze treatments resulted in a decline in residual plant litter material, and increased fungal abundance indicating slightly accelerated decomposition. Overall, we could detect a strong effect of litter stoichiometry on microbial community structure as well as function. Temperature perturbations resulted in short- to medium-term alterations of microbial function, especially heat blocked decomposing enzymes.
    Print ISSN: 1810-6277
    Electronic ISSN: 1810-6285
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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