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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2015-04-04
    Description: Effective immunotherapy promotes the killing of cancer cells by cytotoxic T cells. This requires not only that cancer-specific T cells be generated, but also that these T cells physically contact cancer cells. The coexistence in some patients of cancer cells and T cells that recognize them indicates that tumors may exhibit the phenomenon of immune privilege, in which immunogenic tissue is protected from immune attack. Here, we review the evidence that stromal cells of the tumor microenvironment mediate this restriction by excluding T cells from the vicinity of cancer cells. Overcoming this T cell checkpoint may thus enable optimal immunotherapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Joyce, Johanna A -- Fearon, Douglas T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 3;348(6230):74-80. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa6204.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. joycej@mskcc.org dfearon@cshl.edu. ; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, NY 11724, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical School, New York, NY 10065, USA. joycej@mskcc.org dfearon@cshl.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25838376" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Humans ; *Immune Tolerance ; Immunotherapy/*methods ; Mice ; Neoplasms/blood supply/*therapy ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/immunology ; Stromal Cells/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*immunology ; Tumor Microenvironment/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2016-05-21
    Description: Macrophages accumulate with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) progression and can be targeted via inhibition of colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) to regress high-grade tumors in animal models of this cancer. However, whether and how resistance emerges in response to sustained CSF-1R blockade is unknown. We show that although overall survival is significantly prolonged, tumors recur in 〉50% of mice. Gliomas reestablish sensitivity to CSF-1R inhibition upon transplantation, indicating that resistance is tumor microenvironment-driven. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway activity was elevated in recurrent GBM, driven by macrophage-derived insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and tumor cell IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R). Combining IGF-1R or PI3K blockade with CSF-1R inhibition in recurrent tumors significantly prolonged overall survival. Our findings thus reveal a potential therapeutic approach for treating resistance to CSF-1R inhibitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Quail, Daniela F -- Bowman, Robert L -- Akkari, Leila -- Quick, Marsha L -- Schuhmacher, Alberto J -- Huse, Jason T -- Holland, Eric C -- Sutton, James C -- Joyce, Johanna A -- F31CA167863/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA008748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA148967/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 May 20;352(6288):aad3018. doi: 10.1126/science.aad3018.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY 10065, USA. Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, CH-1066, Lausanne, Switzerland. Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, CH-1066, Lausanne, Switzerland. ; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, WA 98109, USA. ; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA. ; Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY 10065, USA. Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, CH-1066, Lausanne, Switzerland. Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, CH-1066, Lausanne, Switzerland. johanna@joycelab.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27199435" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-12-01
    Keywords: Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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