Publication Date:
2008-12-06
Description:
As the immune system develops, T cells are selected or regulated to become tolerant of self antigens and reactive against foreign antigens. In mice, the induction of such tolerance is thought to be attributable to the deletion of self-reactive cells. Here, we show that the human fetal immune system takes advantage of an additional mechanism: the generation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) that suppress fetal immune responses. We find that substantial numbers of maternal cells cross the placenta to reside in fetal lymph nodes, inducing the development of CD4+CD25highFoxP3+ Tregs that suppress fetal antimaternal immunity and persist at least until early adulthood. These findings reveal a form of antigen-specific tolerance in humans, induced in utero and probably active in regulating immune responses after birth.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2648820/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2648820/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mold, Jeff E -- Michaelsson, Jakob -- Burt, Trevor D -- Muench, Marcus O -- Beckerman, Karen P -- Busch, Michael P -- Lee, Tzong-Hae -- Nixon, Douglas F -- McCune, Joseph M -- AI40312/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI68498/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000329/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000329-01/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000329-02/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000329-03/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000329-04/OD/NIH HHS/ -- HD00850/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HL083388/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- OD000329/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL083388/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL083388-02/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI040312/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI040312-09/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI040312-10/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI040312-11/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI040312-12/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI040312-13/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- RR024131/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Dec 5;322(5907):1562-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1164511.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19056990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Adolescent
;
Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology
;
Cells, Cultured
;
Child
;
Chimerism
;
Female
;
Fetus/*immunology
;
Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism
;
Gene Expression Profiling
;
Humans
;
*Immune Tolerance
;
Isoantigens/*immunology
;
Lymph Nodes/cytology/*immunology
;
Lymphocyte Activation
;
*Maternal-Fetal Exchange
;
Pregnancy
;
Self Tolerance
;
T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/*immunology
;
Thymus Gland/immunology
;
Transforming Growth Factors/genetics/metabolism
;
Tumor Necrosis Factors/genetics/metabolism
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Computer Science
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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