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  • Animals  (6)
  • Chemistry
  • Humans
  • Pertussis toxin
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (6)
  • 1
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    Neurobiology. Receptors as kissing cousins (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-04-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Milligan, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Apr 7;288(5463):65-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10766637" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors ; Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Corpus Striatum/metabolism ; Dimerization ; Energy Transfer ; Fluorescence ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Ligands ; Rats ; Receptor Cross-Talk ; Receptors, Dopamine D1/metabolism ; Receptors, Dopamine D2/agonists/*metabolism ; Receptors, Dopamine D5 ; Receptors, GABA-A/metabolism ; Receptors, Somatostatin/agonists/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Somatostatin/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    A proton buffering role for silica in diatoms (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-09-14
    Description: For 40 million years, diatoms have dominated the reverse weathering of silica on Earth. These photosynthetic protists take up dissolved silicic acid from the water and precipitate opaline silica to form their cell wall. We show that the biosilica of diatoms is an effective pH buffer, enabling the enzymatic conversion of bicarbonate to CO2, an important step in inorganic carbon acquisition by these organisms. Because diatoms are responsible for one-quarter of global primary production and for a large fraction of the carbon exported to the deep sea, the global cycles of Si and C may be linked mechanistically.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Milligan, Allen J -- Morel, Francois M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Sep 13;297(5588):1848-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geosciences, Guyot Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12228711" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bicarbonates/metabolism ; Buffers ; Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; Carbonic Anhydrase II/metabolism ; Carbonic Anhydrases/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Catalysis ; Cattle ; Cell Wall ; Chemical Precipitation ; Chlamydomonas/metabolism ; Diatoms/*metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Mass Spectrometry ; *Protons ; Seawater ; Silicon Dioxide/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    The way things move: looking under the hood of molecular motor proteins (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-07
    Description: The microtubule-based kinesin motors and actin-based myosin motors generate motions associated with intracellular trafficking, cell division, and muscle contraction. Early studies suggested that these molecular motors work by very different mechanisms. Recently, however, it has become clear that kinesin and myosin share a common core structure and convert energy from adenosine triphosphate into protein motion using a similar conformational change strategy. Many different types of mechanical amplifiers have evolved that operate in conjunction with the conserved core. This modular design has given rise to a remarkable diversity of kinesin and myosin motors whose motile properties are optimized for performing distinct biological functions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vale, R D -- Milligan, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Apr 7;288(5463):88-95.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. vale@phy.ucsf.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10753125" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Cytoskeleton/metabolism ; Evolution, Molecular ; Kinesin/chemistry/*physiology ; Microtubules/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Motor Proteins/chemistry/*physiology ; Myosins/chemistry/*physiology ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Secondary
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Structure and functional role of dynein's microtubule-binding domain (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-12-17
    Description: Dynein motors move various cargos along microtubules within the cytoplasm and power the beating of cilia and flagella. An unusual feature of dynein is that its microtubule-binding domain (MTBD) is separated from its ring-shaped AAA+ adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) domain by a 15-nanometer coiled-coil stalk. We report the crystal structure of the mouse cytoplasmic dynein MTBD and a portion of the coiled coil, which supports a mechanism by which the ATPase domain and MTBD may communicate through a shift in the heptad registry of the coiled coil. Surprisingly, functional data suggest that the MTBD, and not the ATPase domain, is the main determinant of the direction of dynein motility.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2663340/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2663340/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carter, Andrew P -- Garbarino, Joan E -- Wilson-Kubalek, Elizabeth M -- Shipley, Wesley E -- Cho, Carol -- Milligan, Ronald A -- Vale, Ronald D -- Gibbons, I R -- GM30401-29/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM52468/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P01 AR042895/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- P01 AR042895-15/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- P01-AR42895/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- P41 RR-17573/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM097312/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Dec 12;322(5908):1691-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1164424.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19074350" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Crystallization ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Dimerization ; Dyneins/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Mice ; Microscopy, Electron ; Microtubules/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Movement ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    The rise of oxygen over the past 205 million years and the evolution of large placental mammals (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-01
    Description: On the basis of a carbon isotopic record of both marine carbonates and organic matter from the Triassic-Jurassic boundary to the present, we modeled oxygen concentrations over the past 205 million years. Our analysis indicates that atmospheric oxygen approximately doubled over this period, with relatively rapid increases in the early Jurassic and the Eocene. We suggest that the overall increase in oxygen, mediated by the formation of passive continental margins along the Atlantic Ocean during the opening phase of the current Wilson cycle, was a critical factor in the evolution, radiation, and subsequent increase in average size of placental mammals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Falkowski, Paul G -- Katz, Miriam E -- Milligan, Allen J -- Fennel, Katja -- Cramer, Benjamin S -- Aubry, Marie Pierre -- Berner, Robert A -- Novacek, Michael J -- Zapol, Warren M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 30;309(5744):2202-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. falko@imcs.rutgers.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16195457" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Atmosphere ; *Biological Evolution ; Biomass ; Body Size ; Carbon/analysis ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis ; Carbon Isotopes/analysis ; Carbonates ; Fossils ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; *Mammals/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; *Oxygen/analysis ; Photosynthesis ; Phytoplankton/physiology ; Placenta/physiology ; Regression Analysis ; Reproduction ; Sulfur Isotopes/analysis ; Temperature ; Time
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Alteration of lymphocyte trafficking by sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonists (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-03-30
    Description: Blood lymphocyte numbers, essential for the development of efficient immune responses, are maintained by recirculation through secondary lymphoid organs. We show that lymphocyte trafficking is altered by the lysophospholipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and by a phosphoryl metabolite of the immunosuppressive agent FTY720. Both species were high-affinity agonists of at least four of the five S1P receptors. These agonists produce lymphopenia in blood and thoracic duct lymph by sequestration of lymphocytes in lymph nodes, but not spleen. S1P receptor agonists induced emptying of lymphoid sinuses by retention of lymphocytes on the abluminal side of sinus-lining endothelium and inhibition of egress into lymph. Inhibition of lymphocyte recirculation by activation of S1P receptors may result in therapeutically useful immunosuppression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mandala, Suzanne -- Hajdu, Richard -- Bergstrom, James -- Quackenbush, Elizabeth -- Xie, Jenny -- Milligan, James -- Thornton, Rosemary -- Shei, Gan-Ju -- Card, Deborah -- Keohane, CarolAnn -- Rosenbach, Mark -- Hale, Jeffrey -- Lynch, Christopher L -- Rupprecht, Kathleen -- Parsons, William -- Rosen, Hugh -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Apr 12;296(5566):346-9. Epub 2002 Mar 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Merck Research Laboratories, Post Office Box 2000, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11923495" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/drug effects/*physiology ; Binding, Competitive ; CHO Cells ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cricetinae ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Fingolimod Hydrochloride ; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/metabolism ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents/metabolism/pharmacology ; Ligands ; Lymph Nodes/cytology/drug effects ; Lymphocyte Count ; Lymphopenia/chemically induced ; *Lysophospholipids ; Mice ; Organophosphates/chemical synthesis/chemistry/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Organophosphonates/chemical synthesis/chemistry/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; Propylene Glycols/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*agonists/metabolism ; *Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Receptors, Lysophospholipid ; Sphingosine/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Spleen/cytology/drug effects ; Stereoisomerism ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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