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  • Animals  (23)
  • 06A10  (3)
  • Frankia
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (23)
  • Springer  (4)
  • Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
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  • 1
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    Extended longevity in mice lacking the insulin receptor in adipose tissue (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-01-25
    Description: Caloric restriction has been shown to increase longevity in organisms ranging from yeast to mammals. In some organisms, this has been associated with a decreased fat mass and alterations in insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) pathways. To further explore these associations with enhanced longevity, we studied mice with a fat-specific insulin receptor knockout (FIRKO). These animals have reduced fat mass and are protected against age-related obesity and its subsequent metabolic abnormalities, although their food intake is normal. Both male and female FIRKO mice were found to have an increase in mean life-span of approximately 134 days (18%), with parallel increases in median and maximum life-spans. Thus, a reduction of fat mass without caloric restriction can be associated with increased longevity in mice, possibly through effects on insulin signaling.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bluher, Matthias -- Kahn, Barbara B -- Kahn, C Ronald -- DK 30136/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK 43051/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK 56116/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Jan 24;299(5606):572-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Joslin Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA, 02215 USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12543978" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/*anatomy & histology/*metabolism ; Aging ; Animals ; Body Constitution ; Body Weight ; Caloric Restriction ; Eating ; Female ; Insulin/metabolism ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism ; *Longevity ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Receptor, Insulin/*genetics/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; *Thinness
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the dimensions of ordered sets of bounded degree (1986)
    Springer
    Order 3 (1986), S. 15-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9273
    Keywords: 06A10 ; Partially ordered set
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Let P be a partially ordered set. Define k = k (P) = max p∈ |{x ∈ P : p 〈 x or p = x}|, i.e., every element is comparable with at most k others. Here it is proven that there exists a constant c (c 〈 50) such that dim P 〈 ck(log k)2. This improves an earlier result of Rödl and Trotter (dim P ≤2 k 2+2). Our proof is nonconstructive, depending in part on Lovász' local lemma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00403406
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Balancing poset extensions (1984)
    Springer
    Order 1 (1984), S. 113-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9273
    Keywords: 06A10 ; 68E05 ; Sorting ; comparison ; information theoretic bound ; linear extension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We show that any finite partially ordered setP (not a total order) contains a pair of elementsx andy such that the proportion of linear extensions ofP in whichx lies belowy is between 3/11 and 8/11. A consequence is that the information theoretic lower bound for sorting under partial information is tight up to a multiplicative constant. Precisely: ifX is a totally ordered set about which we are given some partial information, and ife(X) is the number of total orderings ofX compatible with this information, then it is possible to sortX using no more thanC log2 e (X) comparisons whereC is approximately 2.17.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00565647
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dimension versus size (1988)
    Springer
    Order 5 (1988), S. 17-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9273
    Keywords: 06A10 ; 06A23 ; Lattice ; order dimension ; least size
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We investigate the behavior of f(d), the least size of a lattice of order dimension d. In particular we show that the lattice of a projective plane of order n has dimension at least n/ln(n), so that f(d)=O(d) 2 log2 d. We conjecture f(d)=θ(d 2 ), and prove something close to this for height-3 lattices, but in general we do not even know whether f(d)/d→∞.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00143893
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of indole compounds secreted byFrankia HFPArI3 in defined culture medium (1989)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 118 (1989), S. 205-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: actinorhizal ; Alnus rubra ; auxin ; Frankia ; IAA ; indole-3-acetic acid ; indole-3-ethanol ; nodule secretion ; phytohormone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Indole compounds secreted byFrankia sp. HFPArI3 in defined culture medium were identified with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). WhenFrankia was grown in the presence of13C(ring-labelled)-L-tryptophan,13C-labelled indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-ethanol (IEtOH), indole-3-lactic acid (ILA), and indole-3-methanol (IMeOH) were identified. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and GC-MS with selected ion monitoring were used to quantify levels of IAA and IEtOH inFrankia culture medium. IEtOH was present in greater abundance than IAA in every experiment. When no exogenous trp was supplied, no or only low levels of indole compounds were detected. Seedling roots ofAlnus rubra incubated in axenic conditions in the presence of indole-3-ethanol formed more lateral roots than untreated plants, indicating that IEtOH is utilized by the host plant, with physiological effects that modify patterns of root primordium initiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02232808
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  • 6
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    Beta-secretase cleavage of Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein by the transmembrane aspartic protease BACE (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-26
    Description: Cerebral deposition of amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) is an early and critical feature of Alzheimer's disease. Abeta generation depends on proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by two unknown proteases: beta-secretase and gamma-secretase. These proteases are prime therapeutic targets. A transmembrane aspartic protease with all the known characteristics of beta-secretase was cloned and characterized. Overexpression of this protease, termed BACE (for beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme) increased the amount of beta-secretase cleavage products, and these were cleaved exactly and only at known beta-secretase positions. Antisense inhibition of endogenous BACE messenger RNA decreased the amount of beta-secretase cleavage products, and purified BACE protein cleaved APP-derived substrates with the same sequence specificity as beta-secretase. Finally, the expression pattern and subcellular localization of BACE were consistent with that expected for beta-secretase. Future development of BACE inhibitors may prove beneficial for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vassar, R -- Bennett, B D -- Babu-Khan, S -- Kahn, S -- Mendiaz, E A -- Denis, P -- Teplow, D B -- Ross, S -- Amarante, P -- Loeloff, R -- Luo, Y -- Fisher, S -- Fuller, J -- Edenson, S -- Lile, J -- Jarosinski, M A -- Biere, A L -- Curran, E -- Burgess, T -- Louis, J C -- Collins, F -- Treanor, J -- Rogers, G -- Citron, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Oct 22;286(5440):735-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Amgen, Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, M/S 29-2-B, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320-1799, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10531052" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy/*enzymology ; Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/*biosynthesis ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/*metabolism ; Animals ; Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases/chemistry/genetics/*isolation & ; purification/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Brain/enzymology/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Endopeptidases ; Endosomes/enzymology ; Gene Expression ; Gene Library ; Golgi Apparatus/enzymology ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacology ; Peptides/metabolism ; Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Role of brain insulin receptor in control of body weight and reproduction (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-09-23
    Description: Insulin receptors (IRs) and insulin signaling proteins are widely distributed throughout the central nervous system (CNS). To study the physiological role of insulin signaling in the brain, we created mice with a neuron-specific disruption of the IR gene (NIRKO mice). Inactivation of the IR had no impact on brain development or neuronal survival. However, female NIRKO mice showed increased food intake, and both male and female mice developed diet-sensitive obesity with increases in body fat and plasma leptin levels, mild insulin resistance, elevated plasma insulin levels, and hypertriglyceridemia. NIRKO mice also exhibited impaired spermatogenesis and ovarian follicle maturation because of hypothalamic dysregulation of luteinizing hormone. Thus, IR signaling in the CNS plays an important role in regulation of energy disposal, fuel metabolism, and reproduction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bruning, J C -- Gautam, D -- Burks, D J -- Gillette, J -- Schubert, M -- Orban, P C -- Klein, R -- Krone, W -- Muller-Wieland, D -- Kahn, C R -- DK31036/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK55326-01A2/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Sep 22;289(5487):2122-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Klinik II und Poliklinik fur Innere Medizin and Center of Molecular Medicine (ZMMK) der Universitat zu Koln, Joseph Stelzmann Strasse 9, 50931 Cologne, Germany. jens.bruening@uni-koeln.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11000114" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue ; Animals ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; *Body Weight ; Brain/*metabolism ; Eating ; Female ; Hypertriglyceridemia/etiology ; Insulin/blood/*physiology ; Insulin Resistance ; Leptin/blood ; Leuprolide/pharmacology ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Neurons/metabolism ; Obesity/etiology ; Ovarian Follicle/physiology ; Receptor, Insulin/genetics/*physiology ; *Reproduction ; Sex Characteristics ; Signal Transduction ; Spermatogenesis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Tumstatin, an endothelial cell-specific inhibitor of protein synthesis (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-01-05
    Description: Tumstatin is a 28-kilodalton fragment of type IV collagen that displays both anti-angiogenic and proapoptotic activity. Here we show that tumstatin functions as an endothelial cell-specific inhibitor of protein synthesis. Through a requisite interaction with alphaVbeta3 integrin, tumstatin inhibits activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase), protein kinase B (PKB/Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and it prevents the dissociation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E protein (eIF4E) from 4E-binding protein 1. These results establish a role for integrins in mediating cell-specific inhibition of cap-dependent protein synthesis and suggest a potential mechanism for tumstatin's selective effects on endothelial cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maeshima, Yohei -- Sudhakar, Akulapalli -- Lively, Julie C -- Ueki, Kohjiro -- Kharbanda, Surender -- Kahn, C Ronald -- Sonenberg, Nahum -- Hynes, Richard O -- Kalluri, Raghu -- DK-51711/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK-55001/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P01-HL66105/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jan 4;295(5552):140-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Program in Matrix Biology, Department of Medicine and the Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11778052" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Autoantigens/chemistry/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Cattle ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen Type IV/chemistry/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Endothelium, Vascular/*cytology/drug effects/*metabolism ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E ; Focal Adhesion Kinase 1 ; Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Humans ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Fragments/pharmacology ; Peptide Initiation Factors/metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; *Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors/*pharmacology ; *Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; RNA Caps/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Vitronectin/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Binding of ARF and beta-COP to Golgi membranes: possible regulation by a trimeric G protein (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-11-22
    Description: The binding of cytosolic coat proteins to organelles may regulate membrane structure and traffic. Evidence is presented that a small guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein, the adenosine diphosphate ribosylation factor (ARF), reversibly associates with the Golgi apparatus in an energy, GTP, and fungal metabolite brefeldin A (BFA)-sensitive manner similar to, but distinguishable from, the 110-kilodalton cytosolic coat protein beta-COP. Addition of beta gamma subunits of G proteins inhibited the association of both ARF and beta-COP with Golgi membranes that occurred upon incubation with guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP-gamma-S). Thus, heterotrimeric G proteins may function to regulate the assembly of coat proteins onto the Golgi membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Donaldson, J G -- Kahn, R A -- Lippincott-Schwartz, J -- Klausner, R D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Nov 22;254(5035):1197-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cell Biology and Metabolism Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1957170" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ADP-Ribosylation Factors ; Aluminum/pharmacology ; *Aluminum Compounds ; Animals ; Biological Transport ; Brefeldin A ; CHO Cells ; Coatomer Protein ; Cricetinae ; Cyclopentanes/pharmacology ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Fluorides/pharmacology ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Golgi Apparatus/*metabolism ; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Intracellular Membranes/metabolism ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Activation of a small GTP-binding protein by nucleoside diphosphate kinase (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-11-08
    Description: Genes that encode nucleoside diphosphate kinases (NDKs) have been implicated as regulators of mammalian tumor metastasis and development in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the cellular pathways through which NDKs function are not known. One potential mechanism of regulation is phosphorylation of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) bound to regulatory guanosine triphosphate (GTP) binding proteins. NDK-catalyzed phosphorylation of bound GDP was investigated for the adenosine diphosphate ribosylation factor (ARF), a 21-kilodalton GTP-binding protein that functions in the protein secretion pathway. Bovine liver NDK, recombinant human NDK, and the protein product of the mouse gene nm23-1, which suppresses the metastatic potential of certain tumor cells, used ARF-GDP as a substrate, thereby allowing rapid and efficient production of activated ARF (ARF-GTP) in the absence of nucleotide exchange. These data are consistent with the proposed function of NDK as an activator of a small GTP-binding protein and provide a mechanism of activation for a regulatory GTP-binding protein that is independent of nucleotide exchange.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Randazzo, P A -- Northup, J K -- Kahn, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Nov 8;254(5033):850-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1658935" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Cholera Toxin/pharmacology ; Drosophila melanogaster/metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Guanosine Diphosphate/metabolism ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Liver/enzymology ; Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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