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  • Oxford University Press  (11)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (9)
  • American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 1
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    Fake legal logging in the Brazilian Amazon (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-16
    Description: Declining deforestation rates in the Brazilian Amazon are touted as a conservation success, but illegal logging is a problem of similar scale. Recent regulatory efforts have improved detection of some forms of illegal logging but are vulnerable to more subtle methods that mask the origin of illegal timber. We analyzed discrepancies between estimated timber volumes of the national forest inventory of Brazil and volumes of logging permits as an indicator of potential fraud in the timber industry in the eastern Amazon. We found a strong overestimation bias of high-value timber species volumes in logging permits. Field assessments confirmed fraud for the most valuable species and complementary strategies to generate a "surplus" of licensed timber that can be used to legalize the timber coming from illegal logging. We advocate for changes to the logging control system to prevent overexploitation of Amazonian timber species and the widespread forest degradation associated with illegal logging.
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Effective gravitational equations for f(R) braneworld models (2013)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-06-01
    Description: Author(s): T. R. P. Caramês, M. E. X. Guimarães, and J. M. Hoff da Silva The viability of achieving gravitational consistent braneworld models in the framework of a f ( R ) theory of gravity is investigated. After a careful generalization of the usual junction conditions encompassing the embedding of the 3-brane into a f ( R ) bulk, we provide a prescription giving the necessa... [Phys. Rev. D 87, 106011] Published Fri May 31, 2013
    Keywords: String theory
    Print ISSN: 0556-2821
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-4918
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 3
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    Amantadine: neuromuscular blockade by suppression of ionic conductance of the acetylcholine receptor (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-17
    Description: Amantadine hydrochloride decreases the sensitivity of denervated mammalian muscle to iontophoretically applied acetylcholine. The drug depresses the amplitude of the end-plate current and reverses the slope of the relation between half-decay time and membrane potential suggesting that it alters the ionic conductance that is mediated by the acetylcholine receptor. Binding studies confirm that amantadine acts on the ion conductance modulator rather than the acetylcholine receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Albuquerque, E X -- Eldefrawi, A T -- Eldefrawi, M E -- Mansour, N A -- Tsai, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 17;199(4330):788-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622570" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/metabolism/*physiology ; Amantadine/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Electric Conductivity ; Electric Organ/drug effects/metabolism/physiology ; Fishes ; In Vitro Techniques ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Motor Endplate/drug effects/metabolism/physiology ; Muscle Denervation ; Muscles/innervation/metabolism ; *Neuromuscular Blocking Agents ; Neuromuscular Junction/drug effects/metabolism/physiology ; Rats ; Receptors, Cholinergic/*drug effects ; Receptors, Nicotinic/*drug effects/metabolism/physiology ; Toxins, Biological/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Levels of batrachotoxin and lack of sensitivity to its action in poison-dart frogs (Phyllobates) (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-20
    Description: Batrachotoxin is present in remarkably high amounts in the skin of Phyllobates terribilis. Levels of batrachotoxin tend to be reduced when P. terribilis is maintained in captivity, but even after being confined for up to 6 years, these frogs were still at least five times more toxic than other Phyllobates species used by natives for poisoning blowgun darts. Batrachotoxin was not detectable in F1 progeny reared to maturity in captivity. Nerve and muscle preparations from wild-caught frogs and from the nontoxic F1 frogs were both insensitive to batrachotoxin. The regulatory site controlling sodium-channel activation and permeability appears to have been minimally altered to prevent interaction with batrachotoxin, but is still sensitive to other sodium conductance activators (veratridine, grayanotoxin) to which the frogs arenot exposed naturally.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Daly, J W -- Myers, C W -- Warnick, J E -- Albuquerque, E X -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 20;208(4450):1383-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6246586" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Anura/*physiology ; Batrachotoxins/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Diterpenes/*pharmacology ; Ion Channels/*drug effects ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Motor Endplate/drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission/drug effects ; Veratridine/*pharmacology ; Veratrine/*analogs & derivatives
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Structure of O-glycosidically linked oligosaccharides from glycoproteins of Trypanosoma cruzi CL-Brener strain: evidence for the presence of O-linked sialyl-oligosaccharides (2001)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0959-6658
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2423
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    Effect of summer warming on growth, photosynthesis and water status in female and male Populus cathayana: implications for sex-specific drought and heat tolerances (2020)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-05-30
    Description: Effects of climate warming on tree growth and physiology may be driven by direct thermal effects and/or by changes in soil moisture. Dioecious tree species usually show sexual spatial segregation along abiotic gradients; however, few studies have assessed the sex-specific responses to warming in dioecious trees. We investigated the sex-specific responses in growth, photosynthesis, nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC), water-use efficiency and whole-plant hydraulic conductance (KP) of the dioecious tree species Populus cathayana Rehd. under +4 °C elevated temperature with and without supplemental water. For both sexes, high-temperature treatments significantly decreased growth (height and biomass), photosynthetic rate (A), the ratio of A to dark respiration rate, stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate, NSC, leaf water potential and KP, but increased water-use efficiency (estimated from carbon isotope composition). Under warming with supplemental water, most traits of females did not change relative to ambient conditions, but traits of males decreased, resulting in greater sexual differences. Females showed a lower KP, and their gs and A responded more steeply with water-related traits than males. These results show that the effect of summer warming on growth and photosynthesis was driven mainly by soil moisture in female P. cathayana, while male performance was mainly related to temperature. Females may experience less thermal stress than males due to flexible water balance strategy via stomata regulation and water use.
    Print ISSN: 0829-318X
    Electronic ISSN: 1758-4469
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 7
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    The endogenous retrovirus-derived long noncoding RNA TROJAN promotes triple-negative breast cancer progression via ZMYND8 degradation (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) play pivotal roles in the development of breast cancer. However, the detailed mechanisms of noncoding HERVs remain elusive. Here, our genome-wide transcriptome analysis of HERVs revealed that a primate long noncoding RNA, which we dubbed TROJAN, was highly expressed in human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). TROJAN promoted TNBC proliferation and invasion and indicated poor patient outcomes. We further confirmed that TROJAN could bind to ZMYND8, a metastasis-repressing factor, and increase its degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway by repelling ZNF592. TROJAN also epigenetically up-regulated metastasis-related genes in multiple cell lines. Correlations between TROJAN and ZMYND8 were subsequently confirmed in clinical samples. Furthermore, our study verified that antisense oligonucleotide therapy targeting TROJAN substantially suppressed TNBC progression in vivo. In conclusion, the long noncoding RNA TROJAN promotes TNBC progression and serves as a potential therapeutic target.〈/p〉
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Differences in neophobia between cane toads from introduced and native populations (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-30
    Description: For species moving into new environments, locating and using unfamiliar resources is crucial for survival. The cane toad ( Rhinella marina ) has been successful in many countries worldwide, persisting in both urban and rural landscapes. Given that animals exploiting urban habitats are confronted with novel feeding opportunities, individuals in those areas are expected to exhibit reduced neophobic tendencies compared with individuals in rural populations. Additionally, individuals persisting in introduced populations are expected to be less neophobic than individuals in native populations, taking advantage of novelty as their range expands. To investigate such predictions, we examined the response to novel prey and a novel object in native toads in Panama and introduced populations (urban and rural) in Florida. Toads were tested in an arena with novel or familiar prey and later with a novel object next to familiar prey. We found differences in response to novelty between cane toads in different ranges but not in different habitats. Most introduced individuals from both urban and rural habitats consumed novel prey with no difference in latency to eat between prey types. Few native toads, however, consumed any prey during trials, spending most of their time moving about the arena. When familiar prey was presented near a novel object, more than half of the introduced toads ate, but no native individuals ate. This study emphasizes the importance of behavior as a mechanism used by invasive species to exploit novel resources and successfully colonize new environments.
    Print ISSN: 1045-2249
    Electronic ISSN: 1465-7279
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    A strategy for building neuroanatomy ontologies (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-07-21
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 10
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    A strategy for building neuroanatomy ontologies (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-28
    Description: Motivation: Advancing our understanding of how nervous systems work will require the ability to store and annotate 3D anatomical datasets, recording morphology, partonomy and connectivity at multiple levels of granularity from subcellular to gross anatomy. It will also require the ability to integrate this data with other data-types including functional, genetic and electrophysiological data. The web ontology language OWL2 provides the means to solve many of these problems. Using it, one can rigorously define and relate classes of anatomical structure using multiple criteria. The resulting classes can be used to annotate datasets recording, for example, gene expression or electrophysiology. Reasoning software can be used to automate classification and error checking and to construct and answer sophisticated combinatorial queries. But for such queries to give consistent and biologically meaningful results, it is important that both classes and the terms (relations) used to relate them are carefully defined. Results: We formally define a set of relations for recording the spatial and connectivity relationships of neuron classes and brain regions in a broad range of species, from vertebrates to arthropods. We illustrate the utility of our approach via its application in the ontology that drives the Virtual Fly Brain web resource. Availability and implementation: The relations we define are available from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro.owl . They are used in the Drosophila anatomy ontology ( http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/fbbt/2011-09-06/ ), which drives the web resource http://www.virtualflybrain.org Contact: djs93@gen.cam.ac.uk Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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