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  • Mutation  (49)
  • Crystallography, X-Ray  (24)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (69)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • Springer
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Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (69)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • Springer
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)  (17)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2009-04-04
    Description: Plants possess inducible systemic defense responses when locally infected by pathogens. Bacterial infection results in the increased accumulation of the mobile metabolite azelaic acid, a nine-carbon dicarboxylic acid, in the vascular sap of Arabidopsis that confers local and systemic resistance against the pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. Azelaic acid primes plants to accumulate salicylic acid (SA), a known defense signal, upon infection. Mutation of the AZELAIC ACID INDUCED 1 (AZI1) gene, which is induced by azelaic acid, results in the specific loss of systemic immunity triggered by pathogen or azelaic acid and of the priming of SA induction in plants. Furthermore, the predicted secreted protein AZI1 is also important for generating vascular sap that confers disease resistance. Thus, azelaic acid and AZI1 are components of plant systemic immunity involved in priming defenses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jung, Ho Won -- Tschaplinski, Timothy J -- Wang, Lin -- Glazebrook, Jane -- Greenberg, Jean T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Apr 3;324(5923):89-91. doi: 10.1126/science.1170025.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, 1103 East 57th Street EBC410, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19342588" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/genetics/*immunology/metabolism/*microbiology ; Arabidopsis Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Dicarboxylic Acids/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; *Genes, Plant ; Immunity, Innate ; Mutation ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Plant Diseases/*immunology ; Plant Leaves/immunology/metabolism ; Pseudomonas syringae/growth & development/*immunology/pathogenicity ; Salicylic Acid/metabolism ; Signal Transduction
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2003-05-06
    Description: We have used adenosine diphosphate analogs containing electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin moieties and EPR spectroscopy to show that the nucleotide-binding site of kinesin-family motors closes when the motor.diphosphate complex binds to microtubules. Structural analyses demonstrate that a domain movement in the switch 1 region at the nucleotide site, homologous to domain movements in the switch 1 region in the G proteins [heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins], explains the EPR data. The switch movement primes the motor both for the free energy-yielding nucleotide hydrolysis reaction and for subsequent conformational changes that are crucial for the generation of force and directed motion along the microtubule.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Naber, Nariman -- Minehardt, Todd J -- Rice, Sarah -- Chen, Xiaoru -- Grammer, Jean -- Matuska, Marija -- Vale, Ronald D -- Kollman, Peter A -- Car, Roberto -- Yount, Ralph G -- Cooke, Roger -- Pate, Edward -- AR39643/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- AR42895/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- DK05915/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- GM29072/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RR1081/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 May 2;300(5620):798-801.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. naber@itsa.ucsf.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12730601" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine Nucleotides/*metabolism ; Adenosine Diphosphate/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Computer Simulation ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; *Drosophila Proteins ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy ; Humans ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Hydrolysis ; Kinesin/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Microtubules/*metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Motor Proteins/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Molecular Probes/metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Spin Labels
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  • 3
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2000-07-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parsons, T J -- Irwin, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Jun 16;288(5473):1931.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1413 Research Blvd., Rockville, MD 20886, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10877702" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics ; Databases, Factual ; Ethnic Groups/genetics ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Mutation ; *Recombination, Genetic
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2002-04-20
    Description: Cadherins are transmembrane proteins that mediate adhesion between cells in the solid tissues of animals. Here we present the 3.1 angstrom resolution crystal structure of the whole, functional extracellular domain from C-cadherin, a representative "classical" cadherin. The structure suggests a molecular mechanism for adhesion between cells by classical cadherins, and it provides a new framework for understanding both cis (same cell) and trans (juxtaposed cell) cadherin interactions. The trans adhesive interface is a twofold symmetric interaction defined by a conserved tryptophan side chain at the membrane-distal end of a cadherin molecule from one cell, which inserts into a hydrophobic pocket at the membrane-distal end of a cadherin molecule from the opposing cell.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boggon, Titus J -- Murray, John -- Chappuis-Flament, Sophie -- Wong, Ellen -- Gumbiner, Barry M -- Shapiro, Lawrence -- NCI-P30-CA-08784/CI/NCPDCID CDC HHS/ -- R01 GM062270/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM52717/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 17;296(5571):1308-13. Epub 2002 Apr 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11964443" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; CHO Cells ; Cadherins/*chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; *Cell Adhesion ; Cricetinae ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Dimerization ; Glycosylation ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry ; Tryptophan/chemistry ; Xenopus Proteins
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  • 5
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2002-12-21
    Description: Phenotypic variation among organisms is central to evolutionary adaptations underlying natural and artificial selection, and also determines individual susceptibility to common diseases. These types of complex traits pose special challenges for genetic analysis because of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions, genetic heterogeneity, low penetrance, and limited statistical power. Emerging genome resources and technologies are enabling systematic identification of genes underlying these complex traits. We propose standards for proof of gene discovery in complex traits and evaluate the nature of the genes identified to date. These proof-of-concept studies demonstrate the insights that can be expected from the accelerating pace of gene discovery in this field.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glazier, Anne M -- Nadeau, Joseph H -- Aitman, Timothy J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Dec 20;298(5602):2345-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Ducane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12493905" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Genetic Linkage ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; *Multifactorial Inheritance ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Plants/genetics ; *Quantitative Trait Loci ; *Quantitative Trait, Heritable ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1999-12-11
    Description: Tubby-like proteins (TULPs) are found in a broad range of multicellular organisms. In mammals, genetic mutation of tubby or other TULPs can result in one or more of three disease phenotypes: obesity (from which the name "tubby" is derived), retinal degeneration, and hearing loss. These disease phenotypes indicate a vital role for tubby proteins; however, no biochemical function has yet been ascribed to any member of this protein family. A structure-directed approach was employed to investigate the biological function of these proteins. The crystal structure of the core domain from mouse tubby was determined at a resolution of 1.9 angstroms. From primarily structural clues, experiments were devised, the results of which suggest that TULPs are a unique family of bipartite transcription factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boggon, T J -- Shan, W S -- Santagata, S -- Myers, S C -- Shapiro, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Dec 10;286(5447):2119-25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Structural Biology Program, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Ruttenberg Cancer Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine of New York University, New York, NY 10029, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10591637" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Alternative Splicing ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus/chemistry ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; DNA/metabolism ; Eye Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Sequence Alignment ; Transcription Factors/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Transcriptional Activation
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2001-05-26
    Description: Dysfunction of the tubby protein results in maturity-onset obesity in mice. Tubby has been implicated as a transcription regulator, but details of the molecular mechanism underlying its function remain unclear. Here we show that tubby functions in signal transduction from heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors. Tubby localizes to the plasma membrane by binding phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate through its carboxyl terminal "tubby domain." X-ray crystallography reveals the atomic-level basis of this interaction and implicates tubby domains as phosphorylated-phosphatidyl- inositol binding factors. Receptor-mediated activation of G protein alphaq (Galphaq) releases tubby from the plasma membrane through the action of phospholipase C-beta, triggering translocation of tubby to the cell nucleus. The localization of tubby-like protein 3 (TULP3) is similarly regulated. These data suggest that tubby proteins function as membrane-bound transcription regulators that translocate to the nucleus in response to phosphoinositide hydrolysis, providing a direct link between G-protein signaling and the regulation of gene expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Santagata, S -- Boggon, T J -- Baird, C L -- Gomez, C A -- Zhao, J -- Shan, W S -- Myszka, D G -- Shapiro, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jun 15;292(5524):2041-50. Epub 2001 May 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ruttenberg Cancer Center, Structural Biology Program, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine of New York University, 1425 Madison Avenue New York, NY 10029, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11375483" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Active Transport, Cell Nucleus ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11 ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/*metabolism ; Membrane Lipids/metabolism ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Localization Signals ; Obesity/genetics/metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate/*metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates/metabolism ; Phospholipase C beta ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C ; Receptors, Muscarinic/metabolism ; Receptors, Serotonin/metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Type C Phospholipases/*metabolism
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2001-08-25
    Description: Small molecules that affect specific protein functions can be valuable tools for dissecting complex cellular processes. Peptidoglycan synthesis and degradation is a process in bacteria that involves multiple enzymes under strict temporal and spatial regulation. We used a set of small molecules that inhibit the transglycosylation step of peptidoglycan synthesis to discover genes that help to regulate this process. We identified a gene responsible for the susceptibility of Escherichia coli cells to killing by glycolipid derivatives of vancomycin, thus establishing a genetic basis for activity differences between these compounds and vancomycin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eggert, U S -- Ruiz, N -- Falcone, B V -- Branstrom, A A -- Goldman, R C -- Silhavy, T J -- Kahne, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Oct 12;294(5541):361-4. Epub 2001 Aug 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11520949" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry/*pharmacology ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Escherichia coli/*drug effects/genetics/growth & development ; *Genes, Bacterial ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Glycosylation ; Hexosyltransferases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Lipoproteins/genetics/metabolism ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mutation ; N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine Amidase/metabolism ; Oligosaccharides/chemistry/pharmacology ; Peptidoglycan/*biosynthesis ; Peptidoglycan Glycosyltransferase ; Phenotype ; Vancomycin/*analogs & derivatives/chemistry/*pharmacology ; Vancomycin Resistance/genetics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1991-07-05
    Description: Cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage are targets for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection in vivo. However, many laboratory strains of HIV-1 that efficiently infect transformed T cell lines replicate poorly in macrophages. A 20-amino acid sequence from the macrophage-tropic BaL isolate of HIV-1 was sufficient to confer macrophage tropism on HTLV-IIIB, a T cell line--tropic isolate. This small sequence element is in the V3 loop, the envelope domain that is the principal neutralizing determinant of HIV-1. Thus, the V3 loop not only serves as a target of the host immune response but is also pivotal in determining HIV-1 tissue tropism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hwang, S S -- Boyle, T J -- Lyerly, H K -- Cullen, B R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Jul 5;253(5015):71-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1905842" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Movement/*genetics ; Chimera ; Genes, env/physiology ; HIV-1/genetics/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Proviruses ; Restriction Mapping ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Viral Envelope Proteins/*genetics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2006-06-17
    Description: Vesicular stomatitis virus is a negative-stranded RNA virus. Its nucleoprotein (N) binds the viral genomic RNA and is involved in multiple functions including transcription, replication, and assembly. We have determined a 2.9 angstrom structure of a complex containing 10 molecules of the N protein and 90 bases of RNA. The RNA is tightly sequestered in a cavity at the interface between two lobes of the N protein. This serves to protect the RNA in the absence of polynucleotide synthesis. For the RNA to be accessed, some conformational change in the N protein should be necessary.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Green, Todd J -- Zhang, Xin -- Wertz, Gail W -- Luo, Ming -- AI050066/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI012464/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI012464-28/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI012464-29/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI012464-30/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI012464-31/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37AI012464/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jul 21;313(5785):357-60. Epub 2006 Jun 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1025 18th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16778022" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleocapsid Proteins/*chemistry/metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; RNA, Viral/*chemistry/metabolism ; Ribonucleoproteins/*chemistry ; Sequence Alignment ; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/*chemistry
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