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  • Springer  (510)
  • American Geophysical Union  (37)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
  • 11
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    Synoptic flow structures in the confluence region of the Kuroshio and the Ryukyu Current (2009)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-06-09
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Electronic ISSN: 2156-2202
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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  • 12
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    Extraordinary subsurface mesoscale eddy detected in the southeast of Okinawa in February 2002 (2005)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particulate organic carbon and nitrogen in the adjacent seas of the Pacific Ocean (1982)
    Springer
    Marine biology 68 (1982), S. 49-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen in sea water were measured in samples collected in the adjacent seas of the Pacific Ocean during the cruises of T. S. “Oshoro-Maru” (1969, 1970) and the R. V. “Hakuho-Maru” (KH-70-4, KH-72-1). High values were obtained in the northern North Pacific and the Bering Sea, the concentration of particulate carbon in the upper 50-m layer ranged from 35 to 550 μg Cl-1. In the deep waters of these area, values above 50 μg Cl-1 were frequently observed. The lowest values in the surface layer and deeper layers were obtained in the Japan Sea (23 μgCl-1) and in the South China Sea (7 μg Cl-1) respectively. A consistent minimum was located in the intermediate waters (100–400 m) throughout the entire region studied. Variation with depth was generally irregular with marked peak values in different layers. The POC distribution consited of these peak values and a relatively uniform background concentration. These background values slightly decreased with increasing depth and were different locally. Correlation analysis between carbon concentration and apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) of ambient water for the samples in the Japan Sea and the Sulu Sea showed that there was no systematic decrease of particulate carbon with increasing AOU. In these areas, the carbon concentration scattered in the higher AOU domain ranged from 10–100 μg Cl-1. These observations support the conception that downward transport of particulate matter from the overlying surface layer in the adjacent seas of the Pacific Ocean may be fairly rapid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393140
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a new antifouling method for a marine cooling water system (1988)
    Springer
    Marine biology 99 (1988), S. 145-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This paper deals with a new anti-fouling method by hydrogen peroxide with ferrous ion for a marine cooling water system. Emphasis is on macrofouling which decreased less than 10% of the amount of the control after the chemical treatment of seawater. The duration of the chemical effectiveness was examined with 60-m unheated model channels from April to July 1986. Since hydrogen peroxide and ferrous ion were reduced by 20% and 40%, respectively, within 10 min, the retention period of seawater in the system is necessary to extrapolate test results from pilot studies to actual application. It is suggested that the active oxygen radical produced in seawater from the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with ferrous ion, affects attachment and subsequent growth of sedentary larvae of marine animals. The results indicated that for barnacles, the chemicals did not disturb the settling behavior of the cyprid, but inhibited the growth of the young after settling. For mussels, on the other hand, which were collected offshore of Tokushima Prefecture from March to June 1986, the chemicals hampered the pelagic pediveliger or plantigrade substantially during the exploratory phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00644989
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Axonal microtubules necessary for generation of sodium current in squid giant axons: II. Effect of colchicine upon asymmetrical displacement current (1983)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 77 (1983), S. 93-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Na gating currents ; Na currents ; colchicine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Effect of internal colchicine on asymmetrical displacement currents was studied by internally perfusing squid giant axons with a solution containing colchicine. It was found that (1) asymmetrical displacement currents were composed of two parts; colchicine-sensitive and colchicine-resistant; that (2) the colchicine-sensitive part had a definite rising phase while the colchicine-resistant one showed an instantaneous jump, followed by exponential decay; and that (3) the colchicine-sensitive part related to normal Na channels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01925859
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Axonal microtubules necessary for generation of sodium current in squid giant axons: I. pharmacological study on sodium current and restoration of sodium current by microtubule proteins and 260K protein (1983)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 77 (1983), S. 77-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Na current ; axoplasmic microtubules ; 260K proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Effects of the reagents suppressing or supporting axoplasmic microtubule assembly were studied on the Na ionic current of squid giant axons by perfusing the axon internally with the solution containing the reagent. Among the reagents suppressing the assembly, colchicine, vinblastine, podophyllotoxin, sulfhydryl reagents such as DTNB and NEM, and chaotropic anions such as iodide and bromide, were examined. These reagents reduced maximum Na conductance and shifted the voltage dependence of steady-state Na activation in a depolarizing direction along the voltage axis. They also made the voltage dependence less steep, but did not affect sodium inactivation appreciably. Effects on Na ionic current of reagents which support microtubule assembly (Taxol, DMSO, D2O and temperature) were opposite the effects of those agents suppressing assembly. At the same time, we demonstrated that after Na currents were partially reduced, they could be restored by internally perfusing the axon with a solution containing microtubule proteins, 260K proteins and cAMP under conditions favorable for microtubule assembly. For full restoration, it was found that the following conditions were necessary: (1) The microenvironment within the axon is suitable for microtubule assembly. (2) Tubulins incorporated into microtubules are fully tyrosinated at their C-termini. (3) A peripheral protein having a molecular weight of 260,000 daltons (260K protein) is indispensable. These results suggest that axoplasmic microtubules and 260K proteins in the structure underlying the axolemma play a role in generating Na currents in squid giant axons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01925858
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anticalmodulin drugs block the sodium gating current of squid giant axons (1991)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 120 (1991), S. 211-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: anticalmodulin drugs ; trifluoperazine ; W-7 ; W-5 ; sodium currents ; sodium gating currents ; squid giant axons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The effects of calmodulin (CaM) antagonists (W-7, W-5, trifluoperazine, chlorpromazine, quinacrine, diazepam, propericyazine and carmidazolium) on the sodium and potassium channels were studied on the intracellularly perfused and voltage-clamped giant axon of the squid. It was found that the drugs are more potent blockers of the sodium current than of the potassium current. The drugs also reduce the sodium gating current. The blockage of the sodium and gating current can be explained by assuming that the drugs interact with the sodium gating subunit in one of its closed states. The site of action is probably the intracellular surface of the axolemma where presumably a Ca2+-calmodulin complex can be formed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01868532
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demarcation of Ca2+ transport processes in guinea pig stomach smooth muscle (1986)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 89 (1986), S. 65-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: concentration-relaxation ; Ca2+ transport ; Na+−Ca2+ exchange ; microsome ; smooth muscle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Microsomal fractions were isolated from gastric antrum and fundus smooth muscle of guinea pigs. Ca2+ uptake into and Ca2+ release from the membrane vesicles were studied by a rapid filtration method, and Ca2+ transport properties of the different regions of the stomach were compared. ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake was similar in microsomes isolated from both regions. This uptake was increased by oxalate and was not affected by NaN3. Oxalate affected Ca2+ permeability of both antrum and fundus microsome vesicles similarly. Fundus microsome vesicles preincubated in 100mm NaCl and then diluted to 1/20 concentration with Na+-free medium had significantly higher ATP-independent Ca2+ uptake than vesicles preincubated in 100mm KCl and treated the same way. This was not true for antrum vesicles. Monensin abolished Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake, and NaCl enhanced Ca2+ efflux from fundus microsome vesicles. The halflife values of Ca2+ loss from fundus vesicles in the presence of NaCl were significantly smaller than those in the presence of KCl. The release of Ca2+ from the vesicles within the first 3 min was accelerated by NaCl to three times that by KCl. However, NaCl had ro effect on Ca2+ release from antrum microsome vesicles. Results suggest two distinct mechanisms of stomach membrane Ca2+ transport: (1) ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake and (2) Na+−Ca2+ exchange; the latter in the fundus only.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01870896
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field potential and intracellular potential studies of the olfactory bulb in the carp: evidence for a functional separation of the olfactory bulb into lateral and medial subdivisions (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 152 (1983), S. 319-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Field potentials in the olfactory bulb and intracellular potentials from mitral cells were analyzed in the carp. Electrical shocks were applied to a part of the input (the lateral or medial bundle of the olfactory nerve: l-ON or m-ON respectively) or output pathways (lateral or medial olfactory tract: LOT or MOT respectively) of the olfactory bulb in order to activate the olfactory bulb partially. 2. When shocks were applied to the regions described above, the distributions of the C2-wave component (which reflects the synaptic depolarization of the peripheral dendrites of granule cells) of field potentials were different between the lateral and medial parts of the olfactory bulb. It was suggested that the patterns of excitatory synaptic inputs to peripheral dendrites of the granule-cell population are different between the two parts of the olfactory bulb. 3. The distributions of the C3- and C4-wave components (which reflect the synaptic depolarization of somata and deep dendrites of granule cells by volleys in centrifugal nerve fibers to the olfactory bulb) of field potentials were similar between the two parts of the olfactory bulb. It was suggested that the patterns of excitatory synaptic inputs from the centrifugal fibers to somata and deep dendrites of the granule-cell population are similar between the two parts of the bulb. 4. Mitral cells activated antidromically by LOT shocks or synaptically by l-ON shocks were located mainly in the lateral part of the olfactory bulb. On the other hand, mitral cells activated antidromically by MOT shocks or synaptically by m-ON shocks were located mainly in the medial part of the bulb. 5. Mitral cells, showing IPSPs in response to LOT, MOT and l-ON shocks, but not to m-ON shocks, were located mainly in the lateral part of the olfactory bulb. On the other hand, mitral cells, showing IPSPs to MOT and m-ON shocks, but not to LOT and l-ON shocks, were located mainly in the medial part of the bulb. Such a spatial distribution of mitral cells showing IPSPs was in accordance with that expected from the spatial distribution of the field potentials. 6. These results suggest that the olfactory bulb of the carp can be functionally separated into two subdivisions (the lateral and medial parts); the activities of neurons in the one part exert little influence on neurons in the other part. 7. From these results we suppose that the olfactory system of the carp is composed of two separate systems; in the lateral olfactory system, the lateral part of the olfactory bulb receives inputs mainly from the lateral bundle of the olfactory nerve and sends outputs to the LOT, while in the medial olfactory system, the medial part of the olfactory bulb receives inputs mainly from the medial bundle of the olfactory nerve and sends outputs to the MOT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00606238
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Robinia pseudoacacia (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 19 (2000), S. 448-453 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; Hygromycin phosphotransferase ; Regeneration ; Robinia pseudoacacia ; Transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Robinia pseudoacacia (black locust) plants were regenerated after co-cultivation of stem and leaf segments with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101 (pMP90) that harbored a binary vector that included genes for β-glucuronidase (GUS) and hygromycin phosphotransferase. Successful transformation was confirmed by the ability of stem and leaf segments to produce calli in the presence of hygromycin, by histochemical and fluorometric assays of GUS activity in plant tissues, and by Southern blotting analysis. In this transformation system, about 2 months were required for regeneration of transgenic plants from stem and leaf segments. The frequency of transformation from stem segments was approximately 24%, and the morphology of regenerated plants resembled that of the original parental strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050754
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