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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pollinator foraging behavior and pollen collection on the floral morphs of tristylous Pontederia cordata L. (1987)
    Springer
    Oecologia 74 (1987), S. 347-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Pontederia cordata ; Bombus ; Tristyly ; Pollination ; Behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The foraging behavior of the pollinators of tristylous Pontederia cordata was studied to determine if differences in floral morphology would lead to preferential visitation of the floral morphs. Although nectar production is not different in the three floral morphs, differences in the production and size of pollen grains produced by the three anther levels results in the morphs offering variable amounts of resources to pollen-collecting insects. Bumblebees (Bombus spp.) and the solitary bee Melissodes apicata used P. cordata primarily as a nectar source and therefore did not seem to exhibit any morph preference. In contrast, honeybees visited flowers mainly for pollen and preferred to forage on long-level anthers of the short-and mid-styled morphs. An analysis of the composition of corbicular pollen loads indicated that, relative to the frequency of production in the population: 1) honeybees collected an excess of pollen from long-level anthers; 2) bumblebees collected the three types of pollen without any apparent preference; and 3) M. apicata preferentially collected pollen from the short-level anthers — presumably because their proboscides are modified by the presence of tiny hairs. The results suggest that P. cordata in Ontario is serviced by a diverse, unspecialized pollinator fauna which is not co-adapted to the tristylous floral polymorphism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378928
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mating system of Hydrophyllum appendiculatum, a protandrous species (1992)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 5 (1992), S. 239-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Hydrophyllum appendiculatum ; Mating system ; Outcrossing rates ; Protandry ; Floral display ; Biparental inbreeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The mating system of Hydrophyllum appendiculatum (Hydrophyllaceae), a protandrous, self-compatible, monocarpic plant was examined using progeny arrays assayed at three polymorphic allozyme loci. We were particularly interested in the effect of ecological factors on spatial and temporal variation in outcrossing rates. Multilocus estimates of outcrossing rates in three populations ranged from 0.62–0.81 indicating that the majority of seeds are produced via outcrossing. The population estimates did not differ significantly from each other indicating that there is little or no spatial variation in the mating system of this species. The estimates were, however, significantly less than unity, which demonstrates that although mainly outcrossing, a significant fraction of seeds are produced by selfing. Estimates suggested that biparental inbreeding occurred, although it was statistically significant in only one population. Individuals of H. appendiculatum may remain in anthesis 3–4 weeks and produce up to 30 inflorescences. As a result, the possibility exists for the mating system to vary through the flowering season. Although the mean outcrossing rate was highest in the middle of the flowering phenology than at the beginning or end, there was no evidence for statistically significant temporal heterogeneity. We were also interested in determining if the size of the floral display (number of inflorescences produced by a plant) influenced the outcrossing rate. The results obtained by two different statistical analyses were contradictory; there was a significant positive correlation between size of floral display and outcrossing rate, but the outcrossing rates of large plants (\s〉 8 inflorescences) did not differ significantly from small plants (〉 8 inflorescences).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189818
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field plot studies with sawdust for soil improvement (1952)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 4 (1952), S. 164-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Heavy application of fresh and rotted sawdust to field plots in comparison to manure and untreated control plots showed no significant difference in yields of corn over a four year period. The soil type was coarse textured and poor in nutrients at the start. However, the total yields for the rotted sawdust plots were consistently greater each year than those for the other treatments, thus possibly indicating a trend of benefit for the rotted sawdust treatments. Total yields for the fresh sawdust were close to those for the controls. Heavy applications of fertilizer, especially nitrogen, were necessary the first three years, but only a rather light application was necessary the fourth year. Soil moisture determinations indicate that all of the organic materials tend to prevent pronounced fluctuations in moisture levels, the rotted sawdust most of all.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01373645
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feeding habits of the rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) of Jaipur and Galta, India (1992)
    Springer
    Human evolution 7 (1992), S. 43-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1824-310X
    Keywords: Rhesus Monkeys ; Macaca mulatta ; feeding habits ; time budgets ; Indian religion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Between September 1987 and May 1988, the time budgets of two groups of rhesus monkeys were investigated. One group inhabited an old Observatory which is now a tourist attraction in the center of Jaipur, India. The other group lived in a hilly forest/temple complex on the outskirts of Jaipur known as Galta. Because it was believed that the monkeys of these two different areas ate different proportions of natural and provisioned food, it was expected that they would have different time budgets. To determine differences in time budgets, a combination of census taking and 10-minute interval scan samples were used to collect comparative data. The analysis of the data revealed that there were differences in the time budgets of the two groups — the Observatory monkeys foraged more, moved less, engaged in fewer aggressive acts, and slept less during the day than the Galta group. These differences are mainly attributed to the 1984–1987 drought, site differences in the variety of natural food resources, and the manner in which the monkeys are provisioned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02437477
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sexual strategies of female Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) (1986)
    Springer
    Human evolution 1 (1986), S. 267-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1824-310X
    Keywords: Japanese Macaques ; Macaca fuscata ; female behavior ; mounting ; sexual strategies ; homosexual behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Evidence is reviewed that female Japanese macaques have multiple male mating partners when they are available and show a preference for mating with sexually unfamiliar males. Several lines of evidence suggest that this aspect of female sexual behavior results in the offspring of an individual female being sired by more than one male thereby maintaining the genetic diversity of the troop. Evidence is presented in this paper that a decrease in the number of adult troop males and a lack of extra-troop migrant males in the Arashiyama West troop of Japanese macaques following transplantation to a ranch in south Texas had consequences for the sexual behavior of the females.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02436584
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  • 6
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    Field plot studies with sawdust for soil improvement (1952)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1952-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0032-079X
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-5036
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
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    Pollinator foraging behavior and pollen collection on the floral morphs of tristylous Pontederia cordata L. (1987)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0029-8549
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1939
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 8
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    Retinoyl Complexes in Batten Disease (1977)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977-11-04
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science
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  • 9
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    Response : Retinoyl Complexes in Batten Disease (1977)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977-11-04
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science
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  • 10
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    Prostaglandin Research (1977)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977-07-15
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science
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