Publication Date:
2024-03-15
Description:
This study examined the effects of long-term culture under altered conditions on the Antarctic sea urchin, Sterechinus neumayeri. Sterechinus neumayeri was cultured under the combined environmental stressors of lowered pH (-0.3 and -0.5 pH units) and increased temperature (+2 °C) for 2 years. This time-scale covered two full reproductive cycles in this species and analyses included studies on both adult metabolism and larval development. Adults took at least 6-8 months to acclimate to the altered conditions, but beyond this, there was no detectable effect of temperature or pH. Animals were spawned after 6 and 17 months exposure to altered conditions, with markedly different outcomes. At 6 months, the percentage hatching and larval survival rates were greatest in the animals kept at 0 °C under current pH conditions, whilst those under lowered pH and +2 °C performed significantly less well. After 17 months, performance was not significantly different across treatments, including controls. However, under the altered conditions urchins produced larger eggs compared with control animals. These data show that under long-term culture adult S. neumayeri appear to acclimate their metabolic and reproductive physiology to the combined stressors of altered pH and increased temperature, with relatively little measureable effect. They also emphasize the importance of long-term studies in evaluating effects of altered pH, particularly in slow developing marine species with long gonad maturation times, as the effects of altered conditions cannot be accurately evaluated unless gonads have fully matured under the new conditions.
Keywords:
Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Animalia; Antarctic; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Arm length, postoral; Arm length, postoral, standard error; Ash free dry mass; Back_Bay_Lagoon; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Calcium carbonate, mass; Calcium carbonate, standard error; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Development; Diameter; Diameter, standard error; Dry mass; Echinodermata; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gonadosomatic index; Gonadosomatic index, standard error; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Life stage; Mass, standard error; Month; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; Percentage; Percentage, standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Polar; Potentiometric; Reproduction; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Respiration rate, oxygen, standard error; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Single species; Species; Stage; Sterechinus neumayeri; Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Time point, descriptive; Treatment; Wet mass
Type:
Dataset
Format:
text/tab-separated-values, 2635 data points
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