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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science  (5)
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)  (3)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-03-25
    Description: Melanoma is a tumour of transformed melanocytes, which are originally derived from the embryonic neural crest. It is unknown to what extent the programs that regulate neural crest development interact with mutations in the BRAF oncogene, which is the most commonly mutated gene in human melanoma. We have used zebrafish embryos to identify the initiating transcriptional events that occur on activation of human BRAF(V600E) (which encodes an amino acid substitution mutant of BRAF) in the neural crest lineage. Zebrafish embryos that are transgenic for mitfa:BRAF(V600E) and lack p53 (also known as tp53) have a gene signature that is enriched for markers of multipotent neural crest cells, and neural crest progenitors from these embryos fail to terminally differentiate. To determine whether these early transcriptional events are important for melanoma pathogenesis, we performed a chemical genetic screen to identify small-molecule suppressors of the neural crest lineage, which were then tested for their effects on melanoma. One class of compound, inhibitors of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), for example leflunomide, led to an almost complete abrogation of neural crest development in zebrafish and to a reduction in the self-renewal of mammalian neural crest stem cells. Leflunomide exerts these effects by inhibiting the transcriptional elongation of genes that are required for neural crest development and melanoma growth. When used alone or in combination with a specific inhibitor of the BRAF(V600E) oncogene, DHODH inhibition led to a marked decrease in melanoma growth both in vitro and in mouse xenograft studies. Taken together, these studies highlight developmental pathways in neural crest cells that have a direct bearing on melanoma formation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3759979/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3759979/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉White, Richard Mark -- Cech, Jennifer -- Ratanasirintrawoot, Sutheera -- Lin, Charles Y -- Rahl, Peter B -- Burke, Christopher J -- Langdon, Erin -- Tomlinson, Matthew L -- Mosher, Jack -- Kaufman, Charles -- Chen, Frank -- Long, Hannah K -- Kramer, Martin -- Datta, Sumon -- Neuberg, Donna -- Granter, Scott -- Young, Richard A -- Morrison, Sean -- Wheeler, Grant N -- Zon, Leonard I -- K08 AR055368/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA103846/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG002668/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG002668-08/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA009172/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Mar 24;471(7339):518-22. doi: 10.1038/nature09882.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stem Cell Program and Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21430780" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Substitution ; Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Lineage/drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genes, p53/genetics ; Humans ; Isoxazoles/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Melanoma/drug therapy/enzymology/*genetics/*pathology ; Mice ; Neural Crest/drug effects/*enzymology/metabolism/pathology ; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/antagonists & ; inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Rats ; Stem Cells/cytology/drug effects/pathology ; *Transcription, Genetic/drug effects/physiology ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; Zebrafish/embryology/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2014-01-07
    Description: Cervical cancer is responsible for 10-15% of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. The aetiological role of infection with high-risk human papilloma viruses (HPVs) in cervical carcinomas is well established. Previous studies have also implicated somatic mutations in PIK3CA, PTEN, TP53, STK11 and KRAS as well as several copy-number alterations in the pathogenesis of cervical carcinomas. Here we report whole-exome sequencing analysis of 115 cervical carcinoma-normal paired samples, transcriptome sequencing of 79 cases and whole-genome sequencing of 14 tumour-normal pairs. Previously unknown somatic mutations in 79 primary squamous cell carcinomas include recurrent E322K substitutions in the MAPK1 gene (8%), inactivating mutations in the HLA-B gene (9%), and mutations in EP300 (16%), FBXW7 (15%), NFE2L2 (4%), TP53 (5%) and ERBB2 (6%). We also observe somatic ELF3 (13%) and CBFB (8%) mutations in 24 adenocarcinomas. Squamous cell carcinomas have higher frequencies of somatic nucleotide substitutions occurring at cytosines preceded by thymines (Tp*C sites) than adenocarcinomas. Gene expression levels at HPV integration sites were statistically significantly higher in tumours with HPV integration compared with expression of the same genes in tumours without viral integration at the same site. These data demonstrate several recurrent genomic alterations in cervical carcinomas that suggest new strategies to combat this disease.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4161954/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4161954/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ojesina, Akinyemi I -- Lichtenstein, Lee -- Freeman, Samuel S -- Pedamallu, Chandra Sekhar -- Imaz-Rosshandler, Ivan -- Pugh, Trevor J -- Cherniack, Andrew D -- Ambrogio, Lauren -- Cibulskis, Kristian -- Bertelsen, Bjorn -- Romero-Cordoba, Sandra -- Trevino, Victor -- Vazquez-Santillan, Karla -- Guadarrama, Alberto Salido -- Wright, Alexi A -- Rosenberg, Mara W -- Duke, Fujiko -- Kaplan, Bethany -- Wang, Rui -- Nickerson, Elizabeth -- Walline, Heather M -- Lawrence, Michael S -- Stewart, Chip -- Carter, Scott L -- McKenna, Aaron -- Rodriguez-Sanchez, Iram P -- Espinosa-Castilla, Magali -- Woie, Kathrine -- Bjorge, Line -- Wik, Elisabeth -- Halle, Mari K -- Hoivik, Erling A -- Krakstad, Camilla -- Gabino, Nayeli Belem -- Gomez-Macias, Gabriela Sofia -- Valdez-Chapa, Lezmes D -- Garza-Rodriguez, Maria Lourdes -- Maytorena, German -- Vazquez, Jorge -- Rodea, Carlos -- Cravioto, Adrian -- Cortes, Maria L -- Greulich, Heidi -- Crum, Christopher P -- Neuberg, Donna S -- Hidalgo-Miranda, Alfredo -- Escareno, Claudia Rangel -- Akslen, Lars A -- Carey, Thomas E -- Vintermyr, Olav K -- Gabriel, Stacey B -- Barrera-Saldana, Hugo A -- Melendez-Zajgla, Jorge -- Getz, Gad -- Salvesen, Helga B -- Meyerson, Matthew -- K07 CA166210/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA009676/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2014 Feb 20;506(7488):371-5. doi: 10.1038/nature12881. Epub 2013 Dec 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [3]. ; 1] The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [2]. ; The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. ; 1] Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. ; Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, Mexico City 14610, Mexico. ; Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, N5021 Bergen, Norway. ; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico. ; 1] Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. ; 1] Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China. ; Cancer Biology Program, Program in the Biomedical Sciences, Rackham Graduate School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA. ; Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario 'Dr. Jose Eluterio Gonzalez' de la Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico. ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, N5021 Bergen, Norway. ; 1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, N5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, N5020 Bergen, Norway. ; Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico. ; 1] Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [3] Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. ; 1] Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, Mexico City 14610, Mexico [2] Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California 91711, USA. ; 1] Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, N5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, N5020 Bergen, Norway. ; Head and Neck Oncology Program and Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 38109, USA. ; 1] The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [2] Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. ; 1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, N5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, N5020 Bergen, Norway [3]. ; 1] Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [3] Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [4].〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24390348" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma/genetics/virology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics/virology ; Case-Control Studies ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics ; Core Binding Factor beta Subunit/genetics ; DNA Copy Number Variations/genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; E1A-Associated p300 Protein/genetics ; Exome/genetics ; F-Box Proteins/genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; Genomics ; HLA-B Antigens/genetics ; Humans ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/genetics ; Mutation/*genetics ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics ; Papillomaviridae/genetics/physiology ; Papillomavirus Infections/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets ; Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transcriptome/genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/*genetics/virology ; Virus Integration/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2015-10-16
    Description: Which genetic alterations drive tumorigenesis and how they evolve over the course of disease and therapy are central questions in cancer biology. Here we identify 44 recurrently mutated genes and 11 recurrent somatic copy number variations through whole-exome sequencing of 538 chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and matched germline DNA samples, 278 of which were collected in a prospective clinical trial. These include previously unrecognized putative cancer drivers (RPS15, IKZF3), and collectively identify RNA processing and export, MYC activity, and MAPK signalling as central pathways involved in CLL. Clonality analysis of this large data set further enabled reconstruction of temporal relationships between driver events. Direct comparison between matched pre-treatment and relapse samples from 59 patients demonstrated highly frequent clonal evolution. Thus, large sequencing data sets of clinically informative samples enable the discovery of novel genes associated with cancer, the network of relationships between the driver events, and their impact on disease relapse and clinical outcome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Landau, Dan A -- Tausch, Eugen -- Taylor-Weiner, Amaro N -- Stewart, Chip -- Reiter, Johannes G -- Bahlo, Jasmin -- Kluth, Sandra -- Bozic, Ivana -- Lawrence, Mike -- Bottcher, Sebastian -- Carter, Scott L -- Cibulskis, Kristian -- Mertens, Daniel -- Sougnez, Carrie L -- Rosenberg, Mara -- Hess, Julian M -- Edelmann, Jennifer -- Kless, Sabrina -- Kneba, Michael -- Ritgen, Matthias -- Fink, Anna -- Fischer, Kirsten -- Gabriel, Stacey -- Lander, Eric S -- Nowak, Martin A -- Dohner, Hartmut -- Hallek, Michael -- Neuberg, Donna -- Getz, Gad -- Stilgenbauer, Stephan -- Wu, Catherine J -- 1K01ES025431-01/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- 1R01CA182461-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 1R01CA184922-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 1U10CA180861-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- K01 ES025431/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL116452/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U10 CA180861/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U54HG003067/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Oct 22;526(7574):525-30. doi: 10.1038/nature15395. Epub 2015 Oct 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm 89081, Germany. ; IST Austria (Institute of Science and Technology Austria), Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria. ; Program for Evolutionary Dynamics, Harvard University, Cambridge 02138, Massachusetts, USA. ; Department I of Internal Medicine and Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne Bonn, University Hospital, Cologne 50937, Germany. ; Department of Mathematics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. ; Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany. ; Joint Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. ; Mechanisms of Leukemogenesis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69121, Germany. ; Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. ; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne 50931, Germany. ; Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26466571" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics ; Clone Cells/metabolism/pathology ; DNA Copy Number Variations/genetics ; *Disease Progression ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Exome/genetics ; Genes, myc/genetics ; Humans ; Ikaros Transcription Factor/genetics ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/diagnosis/*genetics/pathology/therapy ; MAP Kinase Signaling System/genetics ; Mutation/*genetics ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/*genetics ; Prognosis ; RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional/genetics ; RNA Transport/genetics ; Ribosomal Proteins/genetics ; Treatment Outcome
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-11-23
    Description: Colorectal cancers comprise a complex mixture of malignant cells, nontransformed cells, and microorganisms.Fusobacterium nucleatumis among the most prevalent bacterial species in colorectal cancer tissues. Here we show that colonization of human colorectal cancers withFusobacteriumand its associated microbiome—includingBacteroides,Selenomonas, andPrevotellaspecies—is maintained in distal metastases, demonstrating microbiome stability between paired primary and metastatic tumors. In situ hybridization analysis revealed thatFusobacteriumis predominantly associated with cancer cells in the metastatic lesions. Mouse xenografts of human primary colorectal adenocarcinomas were found to retain viableFusobacteriumand its associated microbiome through successive passages. Treatment of mice bearing a colon cancer xenograft with the antibiotic metronidazole reducedFusobacteriumload, cancer cell proliferation, and overall tumor growth. These observations argue for further investigation of antimicrobial interventions as a potential treatment for patients withFusobacterium-associated colorectal cancer.
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-08-09
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2012-03-16
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1993-09-17
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1991-06-21
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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