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  • American Physical Society  (393)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (49)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science  (10)
  • Cambridge University Press  (8)
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  • 1
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    Design of practical alignment device in KSTAR Thomson diagnostic (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-07
    Description: The precise alignment of the laser path and collection optics in Thomson scattering measurements is essential for accurately determining electron temperature and density in tokamak experiments. For the last five years, during the development stage, the KSTAR tokamak’s Thomson diagnostic system has had alignment fibers installed in its optical collection modules, but these lacked a proper alignment detection system. In order to address these difficulties, an alignment verifying detection device between lasers and an object field of collection optics is developed. The alignment detection device utilizes two types of filters: a narrow laser band wavelength for laser, and a broad wavelength filter for Thomson scattering signal. Four such alignment detection devices have been successfully developed for the KSTAR Thomson scattering system in this year, and these will be tested in KSTAR experiments in 2016. In this paper, we present the newly developed alignment detection device for KSTAR’s Thomson scattering diagnostics.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 2
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    Edge localized mode characteristics during edge localized mode mitigation by supersonic molecular beam injection in Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-29
    Description: It has been reported that supersonic molecular beam injection (SMBI) is an effective means of edge localized mode (ELM) mitigation. This paper newly reports the changes in the ELM, plasma profiles, and fluctuation characteristics during ELM mitigation by SMBI in Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research. During the mitigated ELM phase, the ELM frequency increased by a factor of 2–3 and the ELM size, which was estimated from the D α amplitude, the fractional changes in the plasma-stored energy and the line-averaged electron density, and divertor heat flux during an ELM burst, decreased by a factor of 0.34–0.43. Reductions in the electron and ion temperatures rather than in the electron density were observed during the mitigated ELM phase. In the natural ELM phase, frequency chirping of the plasma fluctuations was observed before the ELM bursts; however, the ELM bursts occurred without changes in the plasma fluctuation frequency in the mitigated ELM phase.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 3
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    Charge ordering, ferroelectric, and magnetic domains in LuFe2O4 observed by scanning probe microscopy (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-15
    Description: LuFe 2 O 4 is a multiferroic system which exhibits charge order, ferroelectricity, and ferrimagnetism simultaneously below ∼230 K. The ferroelectric/charge order domains of LuFe 2 O 4 are imaged with both piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) and electrostatic force microscopy (EFM), while the magnetic domains are characterized by magnetic force microscopy (MFM). Comparison of PFM and EFM results suggests that the proposed ferroelectricity in LuFe 2 O 4 is not of usual displacive type but of electronic origin. Simultaneous characterization of ferroelectric/charge order and magnetic domains by EFM and MFM, respectively, on the same surface of LuFe 2 O 4 reveals that both domains have irregular patterns of similar shape, but the length scales are quite different. The domain size is approximately 100 nm for the ferroelectric domains, while the magnetic domain size is much larger and gets as large as 1  μ m. We also demonstrate that the origin of the formation of irregular domains in LuFe 2 O 4 is not extrinsic but intrinsic.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 4
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    Calibrations of the LHD Thomson scattering system (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-23
    Description: The Thomson scattering diagnostic systems are widely used for the measurements of absolute local electron temperatures and densities of fusion plasmas. In order to obtain accurate and reliable temperature and density data, careful calibrations of the system are required. We have tried several calibration methods since the second LHD experiment campaign in 1998. We summarize the current status of the calibration methods for the electron temperature and density measurements by the LHD Thomson scattering diagnostic system. Future plans are briefly discussed.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 5
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    Test of prototype ITER vacuum ultraviolet spectrometer and its application to impurity study in KSTAR plasmasa) (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-07-11
    Description: To optimize the design of ITER vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) spectrometer, a prototype VUV spectrometer was developed. The sensitivity calibration curve of the spectrometer was calculated from the mirror reflectivity, the grating efficiency, and the detector efficiency. The calibration curve was consistent with the calibration points derived in the experiment using the calibrated hollow cathode lamp. For the application of the prototype ITER VUV spectrometer, the prototype spectrometer was installed at KSTAR, and various impurity emission lines could be measured. By analyzing about 100 shots, strong positive correlation between the O VI and the C IV emission intensities could be found.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetism in a chromium jarosite Kagomé lattice KCr3 (OH)6 (SO4)2 (abstract) : 37th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 5658-5658 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The S=3/2 magnetic Cr3+ ions in KCr3 (OH)6 (SO4)2 form a quasi-two-dimensional Kagomé lattice. Susceptibility measurements show a Curie–Weiss temperature of −70 K but specific heat data show a peak at 1.8 K. This depression of the ordering temperature is a result of the extreme frustration of the Kagomé lattice. The change in entropy up to 2.8 K is 0.15 K ln 4. Neutron scattering measurements on a powder specimen put an upper limit of 1 μB on the long-range ordered moments. Constant energy inelastic neutron scattering data with energy transfers of 1.0 and 1.4 meV show a broad peak centered at about 1 A(ring)−1 indicative of strong spin fluctuations at both 0.3 and 10 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353631
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Substrate temperature effects on the preparation of YBa2Cu3O7−x superconducting films on (100) SrTiO3 by laser ablation (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 5661-5666 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In situ high-Tc superconducting thin films of YBa2Cu3O7−x were deposited on (100) SrTiO3 substrate by laser ablation with a glancing angle geometry at different substrate temperatures in the 560–700 °C range. The transition temperatures, x-ray diffraction patterns, and surface morphologies of the films were substantially different from one another. The critical temperatures of the films deposited at below 600 °C were 72–84 K, while the films deposited at above 650 °C showed Tc0 of 85–91 K. The x-ray diffraction patterns and surface morphologies of the films showed that the orientations of the deposited films depended on the substrate temperature. The films deposited at 700 °C showed an exclusive orientation of "c'' axis perpendicular to the (100) SrTiO3 substrate surface, but those deposited at below 600 °C exhibited random but a preferential orientation of c axis parallel to the (100) SrTiO3 surface. The dependence of the film orientations versus substrate temperature is explained in terms of lattice misfits as well as the surface mobility of the adatoms or molecules at the deposition temperature. Also, the deposition rates were found to be a function of the substrate temperature, and the activation energy of surface migration of adatoms was measured to be 0.21±0.03 eV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350182
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A molecular dynamics simulation study on nematic–isotropic phase transition of rod-like molecules in NpT ensemble (1992)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 97 (1992), S. 6933-6941 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The nematic–isotropic (N–I) phase transition of rod-like molecules is investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. This study is focused on three different aspects. First, a more realistic model than a hard core system is employed. Second, the MD simulation enables us to calculate time-dependent functions. Last, an isothermal–isobaric (NpT) ensemble is used to consider the change of volume at the N–I transition. The results of MD simulation suggest that the interatomic potential plays an important role in the N–I phase transition of rod-like molecules. The MD simulation of the N–I phase transition of rod-like molecules can predict the "weak first orderedness'' accurately. Both translational and rotational diffusion coefficients of rod-like molecules in the system with a smaller value of σ are larger than those with a larger value of σ, and the calculated rotational reorientation time of rod-like molecules in isotropic phases lies in the 10−11–10−10 s range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.463647
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of dielectric materials on electromigration failure (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 7797-7808 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effects of dielectric layers on electromigration failure were studied in situ using a high-voltage scanning electron microscope and at the wafer level using conventional accelerated testing. Several different passivation layers were deposited on wafers with A1 interconnect test structures. Prior to the deposition of the final dielectric, the wafers were processed identically and, whenever possible, simultaneously. Interconnects encapsulated with compliant polymer and very thin (0.1 μm) SiO2 layers demonstrated substantial lifetime extensions over those with more rigid (1 μm thick) SiO2 layers. Unpassivated lines behaved dramatically differently and failed much sooner than those covered with only 0.1 μm of SiO2. As expected, increasing the passivation thickness from 0.5 to 4 μm increased the electromigration lifetime for SiO2 covered specimens. The fabrication of silicon dioxide dielectrics using electron-cyclotron-resonance chemical-vapor deposition (CVD) and silicon nitride dielectrics via plasma-enhanced CVD damaged the interconnects. This damage nearly completely removed the barrier to void nucleation during electromigration. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1372367
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Te doping of GaInP: Ordering and step structure (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 3590-3596 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The donor Te has been added to GaInP during organometallic vapor phase epitaxial growth using the precursor diethyltelluride. In agreement with previous studies, the addition of high Te concentrations leads to the elimination of the CuPt ordering observed in undoped layers. The degree of order is estimated from the low temperature photoluminescence peak energy to decrease from 0.5 at Te concentrations of 〈2×1017 cm−3 to 0 for Te concentrations of 〉6×1017 cm−3. This is verified by transmission electron diffraction studies, which show the elimination of the 1/2{111} superlattice spots at high Te doping levels. A remarkable change in the surface structure is found to accompany this decrease in ordering: The surfaces become much smoother. Step bunching is observed to disappear for the vicinal GaAs substrates, misoriented from (001) by 3° in the B direction, and three-dimensional island (or mound) formation is eliminated for the singular (001) substrates. A qualitative model is presented explaining this behavior based on the effect of Te on the step structure and the bonding at step edges, both of which affect the adatom sticking at steps. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.369719
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