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  • AGU (American Geophysical Union)  (5)
  • Springer  (2)
  • Copernicus Publications (EGU)  (1)
  • Geological Society of America  (1)
  • Macmillian Magazines Ltd.  (1)
Collection
Publisher
Years
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subduction and collision processes in the Central Andes constrained by converted seismic phases (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 408 (2000), S. 958-961 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The Central Andes are the Earth's highest mountain belt formed by ocean–continent collision. Most of this uplift is thought to have occurred in the past 20 Myr, owing mainly to thickening of the continental crust, dominated by tectonic shortening. Here we use P-to-S ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35050073
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    The role of arc migration in the development of the Lesser Antilles: A new tectonic model for the Cenozoic evolution of the eastern Caribbean (2019)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-12
    Description: Continental arc systems often show evidence of large-scale migration both toward and away from the incoming plate. In oceanic arc systems, however, while slab roll-back and the associated processes of backarc spreading and arc migration toward the incoming plate are commonplace, arc migration away from the incoming plate is rarely observed. We present a new compilation of marine magnetic anomaly and seismic data in order to propose a new tectonic model for the eastern Caribbean region that includes arc migration in both directions. We synthesized new evidence to show two phases of backarc spreading and eastward arc migration toward the incoming Atlantic. A third and final phase of arc migration to the west subdivided the earlier backarc basin on either side of the present-day Lesser Antilles arc. This is the first example of regional multidirectional arc migration in an intra-oceanic setting, and it has implications for along-arc structural and geochemical variations. The back and forth arc migrations were probably due to the constraints imposed by the neighboring American plates on this isolated subduction system, rather than variations in subducting slab buoyancy.
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2682
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
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    Accurate Location of Synthetic Acoustic Emissions and Location Sensitivity to Relocation Methods, Velocity Perturbations, and Seismic Anisotropy (2008)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0033-4553
    Electronic ISSN: 1420-9136
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 4
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    The Effect of Varying Damage History in Crystalline Rocks on the P- and S-Wave Velocity under Hydrostatic Confining Pressure (2012)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-03
    Print ISSN: 0033-4553
    Electronic ISSN: 1420-9136
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 5
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    Structure of the Central Sumatran Subduction Zone Revealed by Local Earthquake Travel Time Tomography Using Amphibious Data (2018)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    In:  Solid Earth, 9 (4). pp. 1035-1049.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-19
    Description: The Sumatran subduction zone exhibits strong seismic and tsunamogenic potential with the prominent examples of the 2004, 2005 and 2007 earthquakes. Here, we invert travel time data of local earthquakes for vp and vp/vs velocity models of the central Sumatran forearc. Data were acquired by an amphibious seismometer network consisting of 52 land stations and 10 ocean bottom seismometers located on a segment of the Sumatran subduction zone that had not ruptured in a great earthquake since 1797 but witnessed recent ruptures to the north in 2005 (Nias earthquake, Mw = 8.7) and to the south in 2007 (Bengkulu earthquake, Mw = 8.5). 2D and 3D vp velocity anomalies reveal the downgoing slab and the sedimentary basins. Although the seismicity pattern in the study area appears to be strongly influenced by the obliquely subducting Investigator Fracture Zone to at least 200 km depth, the 3D velocity model shows prevailing trench parallel structures at depths of the plate interface. The tomographic model suggests a thinned crust below the basin east of the forearc islands (Nias, Pulau Batu, Siberut) at ~ 180 km distance to the trench. Vp velocities beneath the magmatic arc and the Sumatran fault zone SFZ are around 5 km/s at 10 km depth and the vp/vs ratios in the uppermost 10 km are low, indicating the presence of felsic lithologies typical for continental crust. We find moderately elevated vp/vs values of 1.85 at ~ 150 km distance to the trench in the region of the Mentawai fault. Vp/vs ratios suggest absence of large scale alteration of the mantle wedge and might explain why the seismogenic plate interface (observed as a locked zone from geodetic data) extends below the continental forearc Moho in Sumatra. Reduced vp velocities beneath the forearc basin covering the region between Mentawai Islands and the Sumatra mainland possibly reflect a reduced thickness of the overriding crust.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 6
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    The structure of the Sumatran Fault revealed by local seismicity (2012)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters, 39 (L01306).
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-24
    Description: The combination of the Sunda megathrust and the (strike-slip) Sumatran Fault (SF) represents a type example of slip-partitioning. However, superimposed on the SF are geometrical irregularities that disrupt the local strain field. The largest such feature is in central Sumatra where the SF splits into two fault strands up to 35 km apart. A dense local network was installed along a 350 km section around this bifurcation, registering 1016 crustal events between April 2008 and February 2009. 528 of these events, with magnitudes between 1.1 and 6.0, were located using the double-difference relative location method. These relative hypocentre locations reveal several new features about the crustal structure of the SF. Northwest and southeast of the bifurcation, where the SF has only one fault strand, seismicity is strongly focused below the surface trace, indicating a vertical fault that is seismogenic to ∼15 km depth. By contrast intense seismicity is observed within the bifurcation, displaying streaks in plan and cross-section that indicate a complex system of faults bisecting the bifurcation. In combination with analysis of topography and focal mechanisms, we propose that the bifurcation is a strike-slip duplex system with complex faulting between the two main fault branches.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 7
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    Seismicity and geometry of the south Chilean subduction zone (41.5°S-43.5°S): Implications for controlling parameters (2007)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters, 34 (L06311).
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-15
    Description: In 2005 an amphibious seismic network was deployed on the Chilean forearc between 41.75°S and 43.25°S. 364 local events were observed in a 11-month period. A subset of the P and S arrival times were inverted for hypocentral coordinates, 1-D velocity structure and station delays. Main seismic activity occurred predominantly in a belt parallel to the coast of Chiloé Island in a depth range of 12–30 km presumably related to the plate interface. The 30° inclination of the shallow part of the Wadati-Benioff zone is similar to observations further north indicating that oceanic plate age is not controlling the subduction angle of the shallower part for the Chilean subduction zone. The down-dip termination of abundant intermediate depth seismicity at approximately 70 km depth seems to be related to the young age (and high temperature) of the oceanic plate. Crustal seismicity is associated with the Liquiñe-Ofqui fault zone and active volcanoes.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 8
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    The structure of the Sumatran Fault revealed by local seismicity (2012)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters, 39 (L01306).
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-20
    Description: The combination of the Sunda megathrust and the (strike-slip) Sumatran Fault (SF) represents a type example of slip-partitioning. However, superimposed on the SF are geometrical irregularities that disrupt the local strain field. The largest such feature is in central Sumatra where the SF splits into two fault strands up to 35 km apart. A dense local network was installed along a 350 km section around this bifurcation, registering 1016 crustal events between April 2008 and February 2009. 528 of these events, with magnitudes between 1.1 and 6.0, were located using the double-difference relative location method. These relative hypocentre locations reveal several new features about the crustal structure of the SF. Northwest and southeast of the bifurcation, where the SF has only one fault strand, seismicity is strongly focused below the surface trace, indicating a vertical fault that is seismogenic to ∼15 km depth. By contrast intense seismicity is observed within the bifurcation, displaying streaks in plan and cross-section that indicate a complex system of faults bisecting the bifurcation. In combination with analysis of topography and focal mechanisms, we propose that the bifurcation is a strike-slip duplex system with complex faulting between the two main fault branches.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Seismic anisotropy in the Sumatra subduction zone (2013)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 118 (10). pp. 5372-5390.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-04-27
    Description: An important tool for understanding deformation occurring within a subduction zone is the measurement of seismic anisotropy through observations of shear wave splitting (SWS). In Sumatra, two temporary seismic networks were deployed between December 2007 and February 2009, covering the fore arc between the fore-arc islands to the back arc. We use SKS and local SWS measurements to determine the type, amount, and location of anisotropy. Local SWS measurements from the fore-arc islands exhibit trench-parallel fast directions which can be attributed to shape preferred orientation of cracks/fractures in the overriding sediments. In the Sumatran Fault region, the predominant fast direction is fault/trench parallel, while in the back-arc region it is trench perpendicular. The trench-perpendicular measurements exhibit a positive correlation between delay time and raypath length in the mantle wedge, while the fault-parallel measurements are similar to the fault-parallel fast directions observed for two crustal events at the Sumatran Fault. This suggests that there are two layers of anisotropy: one due to entrained flow within the mantle wedge and a second layer within the overriding crust due to the shear strain caused by the Sumatran Fault. SKS splitting results show a NNW-SSE fast direction with delay times of 0.8–3.0 s. The fast directions are approximately parallel to the absolute plate motion of the subducting Indo-Australian Plate. The small delay times exhibited by the local SWS (0.05–0.45 s), in combination with the large SKS delay times, suggest that the anisotropy generating the teleseismic SWS is dominated by entrained flow in the asthenosphere below the slab.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 10
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    Interaction between forearc and oceanic plate at the south-central Chilean margin as seen in local seismic data (2006)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters, 33 (L23302).
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-04
    Description: We installed a dense, amphibious, temporary seismological network to study the seismicity and structure of the seismogenic zone in southern Chile between 37° and 39°S, the nucleation area of the great 1960 Chile earthquake. 213 local earthquakes with 14.754 onset times were used for a simultaneous inversion for the 1-D velocity model and precise earthquake locations. Relocated artificial shots suggest an accuracy of the earthquake hypocenter of about 1 km (horizontally) and 500 m (vertically). Crustal events along trench-parallel and transverse, deep-reaching faults reflect the interseismic transpressional deformation of the forearc crust due to the subduction of the Nazca plate. The transverse faults seems to accomplish differential lateral stresses between subduction zone segments. Many events situated in an internally structured, planar seismicity patch at 20 to 40 km depth near the coast indicate a stress concentration at the plate's interface at 38°S which might in part be induced by the fragmented forearc structure.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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