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  • AGU (American Geophysical Union)  (20)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (9)
  • Academia Brasileira de Ciências  (1)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science  (1)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fluxes of biogenic components from sediment trap deployment in circumpolar waters of the Drake Passage (1982)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 299 (1982), S. 145-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Results are from the first deployment of sediment traps in Antarctic waters. Our traps, with a collection area of 314 cm2 (ref. 14), were attached to a moored array located at 6054.6' S and 5706.0' W in 3,625 m of water depth for 52 days from 2 December 1980 to 25 January 1981. During that time the ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/299145a0
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Particulate organic carbon flux in the oceans—surface productivity and oxygen utilization (1980)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 288 (1980), S. 260-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] The relationship is based on flux data compiled from particle traps installed throughout the world's oceans7'19 by many investigators and from annual mean organic carbon production rates of the respective surface waters20"29 (Table 1). In a few cases biological production rates were determined at ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288260a0
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of microbe activity (1988)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 333 (1988), S. 17-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] ORGANIC matter exists in many forms in the oceans - as detritus and microbes, which can be suspended or sinking, and also as dissolved organic matter. The way these pools interact is influenced by, and influences, the distribution of nutrients and oxygen dissolved in the water column. One point of ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/333017a0
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palaeoceanography: Biomarkers for ancient climates (1986)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 320 (1986), S. 107-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] ENVIRONMENTAL conditions of growth, particularly ocean temperature, are faith-fully recorded by the coccolithophorids - widely distributed marine phytoplankton. The record lies in the relative abundance of long-chain alkenones - complex orga-nic molecules of the lipid bilayer which control the ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/320107a0
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  • 5
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    Unbekannt
    Paleoproductivity and carbon burial across the California Current: The multitracers transect, 42°N (1992)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Paleoceanography, 7 (3). pp. 251-272.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-03-02
    Beschreibung: The Multitracers Experiment studied a transect of water column, sediment trap, and sediment data taken across the California Current to develop quantitative methods for hindcasting paleoproductivity. The experiment used three sediment trap moorings located 120 km, 270 km, and 630 km from shore at the Oregon/California border in North America. We report here about the sedimentation and burial of particulate organic carbon (Corg) and CaCO3. In order to observe how the integrated CaCO3 and Corg burial across the transect has changed since the last glacial maximum, we have correlated core from the three sites using time scales constrained by both radiocarbon and oxygen isotopes. By comparing surface sediments to a two-and-a-half year sediment trap record, we have also defined the modern preservation rates for many of the labile sedimentary materials. Our analysis of the Corg data indicates that significant amounts (20–40%) of the total Corg being buried today in surface sediments is terrestrial. At the last glacial maximum, the terrestrial Corg fraction within 300 km of the coast was about twice as large. Such large fluxes of terrestrial Corg obscure the marine Corg record, which can be interpreted as productivity. When we corrected for the terrestrial organic matter, we found that the mass accumulation rate of marine Corg roughly doubled from the glacial maximum to the present. Because preservation rates of organic carbon are high in the high sedimentation rate cores, corrections for degradation are straightforward and we can be confident that organic carbon rain rate (new productivity) also doubled. As confirmation, the highest burial fluxes of other biogenic components (opal and Ba) also occur in the Holocene. Productivity off Oregon has thus increased dramatically since the last glacial maximum. CaCO3 fluxes also changed radically through the deglaciation; however, they are linked not to CaCO3 production but rather to changes in deepwater carbonate chemistry between 18 Ka and now.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 6
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    Palaeoceanography: Biomarkers for ancient climates (1986)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 320 (6058). pp. 107-108.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-01
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 7
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    Particulate organic carbon flux in the oceans-surface productivity and oxygen utilization (1980)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 288 (5788). pp. 260-263.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-01
    Beschreibung: Organic detritus passing from the sea surface through the water column to the sea floor controls nutrient regeneration, fuels benthic life and affects burial of organic carbon in the sediment record. Particle trap systems have enabled the first quantification of this important process. The results suggest that the dominant mechanism of vertical transport is by rapid settling of rare large particles, most likely of faecal pellets or marine snow of the order of 〉200 μm in diameter, whereas the more frequent small particles have an insignificant role in vertical mass flux4–6. The ultimate source of organic detritus is biological production in surface waters of the oceans. I determine here an empirical relationship that predicts organic carbon flux at any depth in the oceans below the base of the euphotic zone as a function of the mean net primary production rate at the surface and depth-dependent consumption. Such a relationship aids in estimating rates of decay of organic matter in the water column, benthic and water column respiration of oxygen in the deep sea and burial of organic carbon in the sediment record.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Unbekannt
    Methane cycling in the Weddell Sea determined via stable isotope ratios and CFC-11 (2004)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 18 (2). GB2012.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-03-16
    Beschreibung: The physical, chemical/biological processes that control the methane dynamics in the Weddell Sea are revealed by the distributions of methane (CH4), its stable carbon isotope ratio, δ13C-CH4, and the conservative transient tracer, chlorofluorocarbon-11 (CFC-11, CCl3F). In general, a nearly linear correlation between CH4 and CFC-11 concentrations was observed. Air-sea exchange is the major source of methane to this region, and the distribution of methane is controlled mainly by mixing between surface water and methane-poor Warm Deep Water. A significant influence of methane oxidation over the predominant two end-member mixing was only found in the Weddell Sea Bottom Water (WSBW) of the deep central Weddell Basin, where the turnover time of methane appears to be about 20 years. Mixing also controls most of the δ13C-CH4 distribution, but lighter than expected carbon isotopic ratios occur in the deep WSBW of the basin. From box model simulations, it appears that this “anomaly” is due to methane oxidation with a low kinetic isotope fractionation of about 1.004. The surface waters in the Weddell Sea and the Antarctic Circumpolar Current showed a general methane undersaturation of 6 to 25% with respect to the atmospheric mixing ratio. From this undersaturation and model-derived air-sea exchange rates, we estimate a net uptake of CH4 of roughly −0.5 μmol m−2 d−1 during austral autumn.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 9
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    The d13C anomaly in the northeastern Atlantic (1998)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 12 (3). pp. 467-477.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-03-14
    Beschreibung: The δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon was measured on samples collected at 49°N in the northeast Atlantic in January 1994. Deeper than 2000 m, δ13C exhibits the same negative correlation versus dissolved phosphate that is observed elsewhere in the deep Atlantic. Upward from 2000 m to about 600 m, δ13C shifts to values more negative than expected from the correlation with nutrients at depth, which is likely due to penetration of anthropogenic CO2. From these data, the profile of the anthropogenic δ13C decrease is calculated by using either dissolved phosphate or apparent oxygen utilization as a proxy for the preanthropogenic δ13C distribution. The shape of the anthropogenic anomaly profile derived from phosphate is similar to that of the increase in dissolved inorganic carbon derived by others in the same area. The reconstruction from oxygen utilization results in a lower estimate of the anthropogenic δ13C decrease in the upper water column, and the vertical anomaly profile is less similar to that of the dissolved inorganic carbon increase. A 13C budget for the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere indicates that within the range of probable ocean CO2 uptake the ratio of δ13C to inorganic carbon change should be mostly influenced by the 13C inventory change of the biosphere. However, the uncertainty in the ratio we derive prevents a strong contraint on the size of the exchangeable biosphere.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 10
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    Indications of a link between seismotectonics and CH4 release from seeps off Costa Rica (2007)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 8 . Q04003.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-09-23
    Beschreibung: Measurements of CH4 concentrations in the bottom water during two discrete sampling periods in subsequent years above different cold seeps at the Pacific margin off Costa Rica indicate large-scale variations of CH4 release. CH4 is emitted from mud extrusions and a slide scar at 1000–2300 m water depth. Maximum CH4 concentrations were found to be lower above all investigated sites in autumn 2003 than in autumn 2002 although seep sites are up to 300 km apart. Tidal and current changes were observed but found to apply only to individual seep sites. Increased seismic activity connected to the moment magnitude (M W ) 6.4 earthquake offshore Costa Rica in June 2002 could have had an impact on all seep sites and thereby caused an increase in CH4 emission. This is supported by the largest variations of CH4 concentration found above mud extrusions located above faults likely more strongly affected by tectonic movements. Even though our data indicate a relation between seismicity and CH4 seepage, the relation is not proven, and future work is needed to comprehensively test this hypothesis.
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