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  • PANGAEA  (10)
  • ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)  (4)
  • AGU (American Geophysical Union)  (2)
  • British Ecological Society  (1)
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  • 1
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    Implications of increased carbon supply for the global expansion of jellyfish blooms (2011)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin, 20 . pp. 38-39.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-14
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 2
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    Benthic marine calcifiers coexist with CaCO3-undersaturated seawater worldwide (2016)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    In:  Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 30 (7). pp. 1038-1053.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-06-29
    Description: Ocean acidification and decreasing seawater saturation state with respect to calcium carbonate (CaCO3) minerals have raised concerns about the consequences to marine organisms that build CaCO3 structures. A large proportion of benthic marine calcifiers incorporate Mg2+ into their skeletons (Mg-calcite), which, in general, reduces mineral stability. The relative vulnerability of some marine calcifiers to ocean acidification appears linked to the relative solubility of their shell or skeletal mineralogy, although some organisms have sophisticated mechanisms for constructing and maintaining their CaCO3 structures causing deviation from this dependence. Nevertheless, few studies consider seawater saturation state with respect to the actual Mg-calcite mineralogy (ΩMg-x) of a species when evaluating the effect of ocean acidification on that species. Here, a global dataset of skeletal mole % MgCO3 of benthic calcifiers and in situ environmental conditions spanning a depth range of 0 m (subtidal/neritic) to 5600 m (abyssal) was assembled to calculate in situ ΩMg-x. This analysis shows that 24% of the studied benthic calcifiers currently experience seawater mineral undersaturation (ΩMg-x 〈 1). As a result of ongoing anthropogenic ocean acidification over the next 200 to 3000 years, the predicted decrease in seawater mineral saturation will expose approximately 57% of all studied benthic calcifying species to seawater undersaturation. These observations reveal a surprisingly high proportion of benthic marine calcifiers exposed to seawater that is undersaturated with respect to their skeletal mineralogy, underscoring the importance of using species-specific seawater mineral saturation states when investigating the impact of CO2-induced ocean acidification on benthic marine calcification.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 3
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    Mass deposition event of Pyrosoma atlanticum carcasses off Ivory Coast (West Africa) (2009)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 54 (4). pp. 1197-1209.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-01-30
    Description: Thousands of moribund thaliacean carcasses (Pyrosoma atlanticum) were deposited between February and March 2006 at the seafloor in the Ivory Coast area (West Africa). Remotely operated vehicle surveys were conducted in a continuous depth gradient between 20 and 1275 m along an oil pipeline. Video and still photography were used to estimate the carcass distribution, density, and size on the seabed, as well as recording the local megafauna interactions with the gelatinous material. Large patches of dead pyrosomids covered extensive areas on the continental slope, whereas minor aggregations were found on the shelf. The carcasses were in many instances trapped along the pipelines, accumulating extensively in troughs and furrows in the slope, and especially in soft sediment channels. Pyrosoma atlanticum dried samples were used to calculate the carbon content, enabling the extrapolation to the densities and sizes recorded in the video surveys. The average standing stock of organic carbon associated with the carcasses was 〉5 g C m-2 in the whole slope and canyon, with values as high as 22 g C m-2 in certain areas. Eight megafaunal species from three different phyla were observed 63 times directly feeding on the decomposing carcasses. The gelatinous carbon may have contributed substantially to the detrital food web including microbes at the seabed, and certainly to the diet of larger benthic organisms. The organism-level carbon measurements and documented fate of pyrosomid organic carbon is new evidence of the importance of gelatinous material in large-scale processes and elemental cycling.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 4
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    Jelly biomass sinking speed reveals a fast carbon export mechanism (2013)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 58 (3). pp. 1113-1122.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Sinking of gelatinous zooplankton biomass is an important component of the biological pump removing carbon from the upper ocean. The export efficiency, e.g., how much biomass reaches the ocean interior sequestering carbon, is poorly known because of the absence of reliable sinking speed data. We measured sinking rates of gelatinous particulate organic matter (jelly-POM) from different species of scyphozoans, ctenophores, thaliaceans, and pteropods, both in the field and in the laboratory in vertical columns filled with seawater using high-quality video. Using these data, we determined taxon-specific jelly-POM export efficiencies using equations that integrate biomass decay rate, seawater temperature, and sinking speed. Two depth scenarios in several environments were considered, with jelly-POM sinking from 200 and 600 m in temperate, tropical, and polar regions. Jelly-POM sank on average between 850 and 1500 m d−1 (salps: 800–1200 m d−1; ctenophores: 1200–1500 m d−1; scyphozoans: 1000–1100 m d−1; pyrosomes: 1300 m d−1). High latitudes represent a fast-sinking and low-remineralization corridor, regardless of species. In tropical and temperate regions, significant decomposition takes place above 1500 m unless jelly-POM sinks below the permanent thermocline. Sinking jelly-POM sequesters carbon to the deep ocean faster than anticipated, and should be incorporated into biogeochemical and modeling studies to provide more realistic quantification of export via the biological carbon pump worldwide.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
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    Depth attenuation of organic matter export associated with jelly falls (2011)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography) | Wiley
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 56 . pp. 1917-1928.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-08
    Description: We explore the attenuation in the export ratio of jelly-POM (particulate organic matter) with depth as a function of the decay rate, temperature, and sedimentation rate. Using data from the Vertical Transport In the Global Ocean project, we compare ratios computed with the Martin-curve, with a particle-based parameterization, and with sediment-trap data. Owing to the temperature dependence of the decay rate (Q10 5 4.28), the jelly-POM export ratio below 500m is 2045% larger in subpolar and temperate areas than in the tropics. Vertical migration of gelatinous zooplankton leads to a variable starting depth of a jelly fall (death depth), which governs the start of remineralization, and the fate of the biomass. Owing to the absence of observations, we employ a sinking speed matrix ranging from 100 m d21 to 1500 m d21 to represent slow- and fast-sinking carcasses. The assumption of a constant decay rate k independent of temperature in other particle-based models may not be appropriate. These results provide information for including jelly-POM in global biogeochemical model formulations.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
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    Sinking of Gelatinous Zooplankton Biomass Increases Deep Carbon Transfer Efficiency Globally (2019)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    In:  Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 33 (12). pp. 1764-1783.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Gelatinous zooplankton (Cnidaria, Ctenophora, and Urochordata, namely, Thaliacea) are ubiquitous members of plankton communities linking primary production to higher trophic levels and the deep ocean by serving as food and transferring “jelly‐carbon” (jelly‐C) upon bloom collapse. Global biomass within the upper 200 m reaches 0.038 Pg C, which, with a 2–12 months life span, serves as the lower limit for annual jelly‐C production. Using over 90,000 data points from 1934 to 2011 from the Jellyfish Database Initiative as an indication of global biomass (JeDI: http://jedi.nceas.ucsb.edu, http://www.bco‐dmo.org/dataset/526852), upper ocean jelly‐C biomass and production estimates, organism vertical migration, jelly‐C sinking rates, and water column temperature profiles from GLODAPv2, we quantitatively estimate jelly‐C transfer efficiency based on Longhurst Provinces. From the upper 200 m production estimate of 0.038 Pg C year−1, 59–72% reaches 500 m, 46–54% reaches 1,000 m, 43–48% reaches 2,000 m, 32–40% reaches 3,000 m, and 25–33% reaches 4,500 m. This translates into ~0.03, 0.02, 0.01, and 0.01 Pg C year−1, transferred down to 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,500 m, respectively. Jelly‐C fluxes and transfer efficiencies can occasionally exceed phytodetrital‐based sediment trap estimates in localized open ocean and continental shelves areas under large gelatinous blooms or jelly‐C mass deposition events, but this remains ephemeral and transient in nature. This transfer of fast and permanently exported carbon reaching the ocean interior via jelly‐C constitutes an important component of the global biological soft‐tissue pump, and should be addressed in ocean biogeochemical models, in particular, at the local and regional scale.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
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    Foraging under extreme events: Contrasting adaptations by benthic macrofauna to drastic biogeochemical disturbance (2023)
    British Ecological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: 1. Hydrothermal vent systems are important biodiversity hotspots that host a vast array of unique species and provide information on life's evolutionary adaptations to extreme environments. However, these habitats are threatened by both human exploitation and extreme natural events, both of which can rapidly disrupt the delicate balance of the food webs found in these systems. This is particularly true for shallow vent endemic animals due to their limited dietary niche and specialized adaptations to specific biogeochemical conditions. 2. In this study, we used the shallow hydrothermal vents of Kueishantao off the coast of Taiwan as a natural laboratory to examine the response of a benthic food web to a M5.8 earthquake and a C5 typhoon that led to a two-year “near shutdown” of the vents. These perturbations drastically altered the local biogeochemical cycle and the dietary availability of chemosynthetic versus photosynthetic food resources. 3. Our analysis of multiple stable isotopes, including those of sulphur, carbon, and nitrogen (δ34S, δ13C, and δ15N), from different benthic macrofauna reveals that endemic and non-endemic consumers exhibited different responses to sudden disruption in habitat and biogeochemical cycling. 4. The endemic vent crab, Xenograpsus testudinatus, continued to partially rely on chemosynthetic sulphur bacteria despite photosynthetic sources being the most dominant food source after the disruption. We posit that X. testudinatus has an obligate nutritional dependence on chemoautotrophic sources because the decrease in chemoautotrophic production was accompanied by a dramatic decrease in the abundance of X. testudinatus. The population decline rate was ~19 individuals per m2 per year before the perturbation, but the decline rate increased to 40 individuals per m2 per year after the perturbation. In contrast, the non-endemic gastropods exhibited much greater dietary plasticity that tracked the overall abundance of photo- and chemo-synthetic dietary sources. 5. The catastrophic events in shallow hydrothermal vent ecosystem presented a novel opportunity to examine dietary adaptations among endemic and non-endemic benthic macrofauna in response to altered biogeochemical cycling. Our findings highlight the vulnerability of benthic specialists to the growing environmental pressures exerted by human activities worldwide.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
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    Jelly biomass sinking speed reveals a fast carbon export mechanism (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Lebrato, Mario; Molinero, Juan-Carlos; Cartes, Joan E; Lloris, Domingo; Melin, Frederic; Beni-Casadella, Laia (2013): Sinking Jelly-Carbon Unveils Potential Environmental Variability along a Continental Margin. PLoS ONE, 8(12), e82070, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0082070
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-28
    Description: Particulate matter export fuels benthic ecosystems in continental margins and the deep sea, removing carbon from the upper ocean. Gelatinous zooplankton biomass provides a fast carbon vector that has been poorly studied. Observational data of a large-scale benthic trawling survey from 1994 to 2005 provided a unique opportunity to quantify jelly-carbon along an entire continental margin in the Mediterranean Sea and to assess potential links with biological and physical variables. Biomass depositions were sampled in shelves, slopes and canyons with peaks above 1000 carcasses per trawl, translating to standing stock values between 0.3 and 1.4 mg C m2 after trawling and integrating between 30,000 and 175,000 m2 of seabed. The benthopelagic jelly-carbon spatial distribution from the shelf to the canyons may be explained by atmospheric forcing related with NAO events and dense shelf water cascading, which are both known from the open Mediterranean. Over the decadal scale, we show that the jelly-carbon depositions temporal variability paralleled hydroclimate modifications, and that the enhanced jelly-carbon deposits are connected to a temperature-driven system where chlorophyll plays a minor role. Our results highlight the importance of gelatinous groups as indicators of large-scale ecosystem change, where jelly-carbon depositions play an important role in carbon and energy transport to benthic systems.
    Keywords: Abundance; Abundance per area; Area; Area/locality; Biomass; Biomass as carbon per area; Biomass as nitrogen per area; Bottom trawl; BT; Carbon, organic, particulate; Climate - Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean; Cornide_1994_81; Cornide_1994_82; Cornide_1995_2; Cornide_1995_30; Cornide_1995_36; Cornide_1995_38; Cornide_1995_39; Cornide_1995_48; Cornide_1995_50; Cornide_1995_51; Cornide_1995_53; Cornide_1995_54; Cornide_1995_55; Cornide_1995_70; Cornide_1995_71; Cornide_1996_105; Cornide_1996_106; Cornide_1996_12; Cornide_1996_18; Cornide_1996_20; Cornide_1996_24; Cornide_1996_31; Cornide_1996_32; Cornide_1996_33; Cornide_1996_34; Cornide_1996_35; Cornide_1996_36; Cornide_1996_37; Cornide_1996_38; Cornide_1996_39; Cornide_1996_41; Cornide_1996_42; Cornide_1996_43; Cornide_1996_50; Cornide_1996_52; Cornide_1996_53; Cornide_1996_54; Cornide_1996_55; Cornide_1996_56; Cornide_1996_57; Cornide_1996_58; Cornide_1996_59; Cornide_1996_60; Cornide_1996_62; Cornide_1996_63; Cornide_1996_64; Cornide_1996_67; Cornide_1996_73; Cornide_1996_74; Cornide_1996_75; Cornide_1996_76; Cornide_1996_78; Cornide_1996_79; Cornide_1996_80; Cornide_1996_83; Cornide_1997_102; Cornide_1997_53; Cornide_1997_54; Cornide_1997_56; Cornide_1997_68; Cornide_1997_73; Cornide_1997_74; Cornide_1997_75; Cornide_1997_78; Cornide_1997_81; Cornide_1998_11; Cornide_1998_12; Cornide_1998_14; Cornide_1998_19; Cornide_1998_48; Cornide_1998_6; Cornide_1999_32; Cornide_1999_47; Cornide_1999_56; Cornide_1999_81; Cornide_2000_10; Cornide_2000_19; Cornide_2000_36; Cornide_2000_6; Cornide_2000_84; Cornide_2000_91; Cornide_2001_106; Cornide_2001_107; Cornide_2001_108; Cornide_2001_11; Cornide_2001_18; Cornide_2001_30; Cornide_2001_32; Cornide_2001_41; Cornide_2001_42; Cornide_2001_43; Cornide_2001_44; Cornide_2001_5; Cornide_2001_51; Cornide_2001_55; Cornide_2001_63; Cornide_2001_64; Cornide_2001_69; Cornide_2001_71; Cornide_2001_85; Cornide_2001_86; Cornide_2002_10; Cornide_2002_100; Cornide_2002_103; Cornide_2002_104; Cornide_2002_105; Cornide_2002_106; Cornide_2002_108; Cornide_2002_110; Cornide_2002_111; Cornide_2002_114; Cornide_2002_115; Cornide_2002_116; Cornide_2002_117; Cornide_2002_118; Cornide_2002_119; Cornide_2002_120; Cornide_2002_21; Cornide_2002_22; Cornide_2002_23; Cornide_2002_24; Cornide_2002_34; Cornide_2002_50; Cornide_2002_58; Cornide_2002_62; Cornide_2002_63; Cornide_2002_72; Cornide_2002_73; Cornide_2002_75; Cornide_2002_78; Cornide_2002_98; Cornide_2003_10; Cornide_2003_100; Cornide_2003_101; Cornide_2003_104; Cornide_2003_105; Cornide_2003_106; Cornide_2003_107; Cornide_2003_108; Cornide_2003_109; Cornide_2003_11; Cornide_2003_111; Cornide_2003_114; Cornide_2003_115; Cornide_2003_12; Cornide_2003_13; Cornide_2003_15; Cornide_2003_18; Cornide_2003_23; Cornide_2003_24; Cornide_2003_26; Cornide_2003_27; Cornide_2003_28; Cornide_2003_4; Cornide_2003_44; Cornide_2003_45; Cornide_2003_46; Cornide_2003_47; Cornide_2003_48; Cornide_2003_49; Cornide_2003_50; Cornide_2003_51; Cornide_2003_52; Cornide_2003_53; Cornide_2003_54; Cornide_2003_55; Cornide_2003_56; Cornide_2003_57; Cornide_2003_58; Cornide_2003_6; Cornide_2003_68; Cornide_2003_69; Cornide_2003_70; Cornide_2003_71; Cornide_2003_72; Cornide_2003_73; Cornide_2003_74; Cornide_2003_75; Cornide_2003_76; Cornide_2003_77; Cornide_2003_78; Cornide_2003_79; Cornide_2003_8; Cornide_2003_80; Cornide_2003_81; Cornide_2003_82; Cornide_2003_83; Cornide_2003_84; Cornide_2003_86; Cornide_2003_87; Cornide_2003_89; Cornide_2003_90; Cornide_2003_91; Cornide_2003_92; Cornide_2003_93; Cornide_2003_94; Cornide_2003_95; Cornide_2003_96; Cornide_2003_97; Cornide_2004_100; Cornide_2004_107; Cornide_2004_108; Cornide_2004_122; Cornide_2004_15; Cornide_2004_23; Cornide_2004_27; Cornide_2004_28; Cornide_2004_29; Cornide_2004_30; Cornide_2004_32; Cornide_2004_33; Cornide_2004_34; Cornide_2004_37; Cornide_2004_38; Cornide_2004_39; Cornide_2004_40; Cornide_2004_43; Cornide_2004_44; Cornide_2004_47; Cornide_2004_48; Cornide_2004_49; Cornide_2004_51; Cornide_2004_52; Cornide_2004_53; Cornide_2004_54; Cornide_2004_55; Cornide_2004_56; Cornide_2004_57; Cornide_2004_58; Cornide_2004_60; Cornide_2004_61; Cornide_2004_67; Cornide_2004_68; Cornide_2004_70; Cornide_2004_75; Cornide_2004_76; Cornide_2004_84; Cornide_2004_85; Cornide_2004_86; Cornide_2004_89; Cornide_2004_90; Cornide_2005_36; Cornide_2005_54; Cornide_2005_67; Cornide_2005_68; Cornide_2005_74; Cornide_2005_89; Dry mass; Event label; Height; Length; Nitrogen, organic, particulate; Sector; SFB754; Speed; Volume; Wet mass
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4446 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Jelly biomass sinking speed reveals a fast carbon export mechanism (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Lebrato, Mario; Mendes, Pedro André; Steinberg, Deborah K; Birsa, Laura M; Benavides, Mar; Oschlies, Andreas (2013): Jelly biomass sinking speed reveals a fast carbon export mechanism. Limnology and Oceanography, 58(3), 1113-1122, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2013.58.3.1113
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-17
    Description: Sinking of gelatinous zooplankton biomass is an important component of the biological pump removing carbon from the upper ocean. The export efficiency, e.g., how much biomass reaches the ocean interior sequestering carbon, is poorly known because of the absence of reliable sinking speed data. We measured sinking rates of gelatinous particulate organic matter (jelly-POM) from different species of scyphozoans, ctenophores, thaliaceans, and pteropods, both in the field and in the laboratory in vertical columns filled with seawater using high-quality video. Using these data, we determined taxon-specific jelly-POM export efficiencies using equations that integrate biomass decay rate, seawater temperature, and sinking speed. Two depth scenarios in several environments were considered, with jelly-POM sinking from 200 and 600 m in temperate, tropical, and polar regions. Jelly-POM sank on average between 850 and 1500 m/d (salps: 800-1200 m/d; ctenophores: 1200-1500 m/d; scyphozoans: 1000-1100 m d; pyrosomes: 1300 m/d). High latitudes represent a fast-sinking and low-remineralization corridor, regardless of species. In tropical and temperate regions, significant decomposition takes place above 1500 m unless jelly-POM sinks below the permanent thermocline. Sinking jelly-POM sequesters carbon to the deep ocean faster than anticipated, and should be incorporated into biogeochemical and modeling studies to provide more realistic quantification of export via the biological carbon pump worldwide.
    Keywords: BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Sinking speed of Salps (S. thompsoni) (2013)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-17
    Keywords: BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; Comment; Distance; Number; Sinking velocity; Time in seconds; Volume
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 97 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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