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  • Artikel  (4)
  • Agrobacterium  (3)
  • Linum usitatissimum  (1)
  • azacytidine  (1)
  • mutation breeding  (1)
  • Springer  (4)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
  • American Physical Society
  • Annual Reviews
  • Institute of Physics
  • International Union of Crystallography
  • 1955-1959  (4)
  • 1945-1949
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  • Springer  (4)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Linum usitatissimum ; linseed ; mutation breeding ; somaclonal variation ; fatty acids ; genetic engineering
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary In the early 1980s the phenomenon of somaclonal variation induced by cell culture was exploited to produce genetic variation in linseed. The linseed variety Andro, derived from the widely grown Canadian variety McGregor, was selected in saline culture and was released for production in Canada. ‘Andro’ possesses traits very different from its parent, such as increased seedling vigour and tolerance to heat stress. Additional stable somaclonal variation in characters such as yield, days to maturity, seed weight and oil content were subsequently induced in ‘McGregor’. However, despite extensive screening of the somaclonal variants, no significant variation in the fatty acid profile was found. Chemical mutagenesis using ethyl methanesulphonate was, however, succesful in modifying the fatty acid profile of McGregor. Initial screening of M2 seed by the thiobarbituric acid colourimetric procedure was followed by gas chromatography to select half-seeds with atypical fatty acid profiles. Two independent, partially dominant genes were identified that were responsible for reducing the linolenic acid (18 : 3) from 50% to 2% while increasing linoleic acid (18 : 2) to 70%. A single, partially dominant gene, inherited independently of the linolenic acid genes, increased palmitic acid (16 : 0) from 7% to 30% and palmitoleic acid (16 : 1) from trace amounts to 4%. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of linseed has also been successful. Herbicide tolerance genes for glyphosate, sulfonylurea and phosphinothricin have been incorporated into Canadian varieties. Commercially useful levels of tolerance to sulfonylurea herbicides have been achieved with no adverse agronomic affect. It is expected that a transgenic variety containing this resistance will be registered for commercial production in Canada in 1994. Standard breeding techniques, the application of antisense technology and the overexpression of fatty acid synthesis genes are being used to further modify the fatty acid profile of linseed, as well as for the transfer of abiotic stress-related genes identified in bromegrass.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 97-100 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Agrobacterium ; transformation ; lily ; β-glucuronidase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Lily cv. Harmony was inoculated with several Agrobacterium strains to study its susceptibility to Agrobacterium infection and transformation. Tumorous tissue formation on inoculated stem internodes of sterile-grown plantlets, as well as expression of a β-glucuronidase marker gene interrupted by an intron in cells of inoculated stem nodes, indicate that the monocotyledon Lilium is a host for Agrobacterium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Agrobacterium ; Brassica napus ; CaMV 35S promoter ; mas promoter ; gene expression ; risk assessment
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Gene fusions between the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene and the promoters of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA transcript (CaMV 35S) and the mannopine synthase (mas) genes were introduced into rapeseed varieties via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Fluorometric assay of β-glucuronidase activity indicated different expression patterns for the two promoters. In seedlings, the CaMV 35S promoter had maximum activity in the primary roots, while the mas promoter was most active in the cotyledons. Etiolated seedlings cultured in the dark showed reduced activity of the mas promoter. Before vernalization at the rosette stage, both promoters were more active in older plant parts than in younger ones. At this stage the highest activity was recorded in cotyledons. After the plants had bolted reduced promoter function was detected in the upper parts of the transformed plants. Both promoters were found to be functional in the majority of the studied organs of transgenic rapeseed plants, but the promoter activity varied considerably between the organs at different developmental stages. The ability of pollen to transfer the introduced genes to other varieties and related species (e.g. Brassica napus and Diplotaxus muralis) by cross-pollination was studied in greenhouse experiments, and field trials were carried out to estimate the distance for biologically-relevant gene dispersal. In artificial crossing, the introduced marker gene was transferable into other varieties of Brassica napus. In field trials, at a distance of 1 metre from the source of transgenic plants, the frequency of an outcrossing event was relatively high (10-3). Resistant individuals were found at 16 and 32 metres from the transgenic pollen donors, but the frequency of an outcrossing event dropped to 10-5.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 131-134 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): apple ; transformation ; Agrobacterium ; preculture ; azacytidine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Leaf explants of apple cvs Gala and Golden Delicious were infected with the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL0(pMOG410). The effects of a 2 d preculture of the explants before infection and the addition of 5-azacytidine to the selection medium were studied. The percentages of GUS-positive explants after 5 w did not significantly alter due to these treatments. One of the ‘Gala’ shoots, which was removed from a leaf explant cultured for 8 w on selection medium, proved to be GUS-positive and will be analyzed further. In general, however, it should be concluded that regeneration of transgenic shoots directly from leaf tissue was not very effective.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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